Straighterline Nutrition Final Exam
What is the major monosaccharide found in the human body? ANS: glucose
Which of these is a complex carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the human digestive process?
ANS: fiber
What is the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010? ANS: to help Americans choose an
overall healthful diet
How much moderate-intensity exercise is recommended in order to decrease an individual's risk of
chronic disease? ANS: 30 minutes per day
What is an advantage of fat as a source of fuel for exercise? ANS: It supplies more than twice the energy
of carbohydrates
In the human body, when is glycogen synthesis greatest? ANS: immediately following exercise*
what is the first step in the production of energy from food? ANS: anaerobic breakdown of glucose in
the cytoplasm
a cell's genetic material is contained in its ANS: nucleus
the primary functions of epithelial tissue in the lining of the respiratory tract are to ANS: secrete
important substances, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste*
what happens in the human body when too much Vitamin C is consumed via supplements? ANS: It is
excreted in the feces and urine
,what substances manufactured by the endocrine glands act as chemical messengers in the body? ANS:
hormones
what is the term for the partially digested food mixture as it leaves the stomach and enters the small
intestine? ANS: chyme
how does the body regulate blood glucose levels after a meal? ANS: insulin is released from the
pancreas
which of these is the only animal-derived food that contains a significant amount of carbohydrates?
ANS: milk
which enzyme breaks down carbohydrate? ANS: amylase
what product is formed as a result of the incomplete breakdown of fat when carbohydrates are not
available to the body? ANS: ketones
which type of fats can raise the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level in the blood? ANS: saturated
which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? ANS: blood pressure > 138/89 mg HG*
if a 100-calorie serving of food has 10 grams of fat, what percentage of the calories in that food is fat?
ANS: 90%
plant proteins are considered incomplete when they are missing which of these? ANS: essential amino
acids
edema can be caused by a lack of which substance in the bloodstream? ANS: protein
, the enzymatic digestion of protein begins in the ANS: stomach
based on the RDA, how many grams of protein would a healthy 125-pound woman need daily? ANS: 46
which of the following is closely correlated with an increase in basal metabolic rate? ANS: having
greater lean body mass*
joe is 25 years old and weighs 154 pounds. What would be Joe's 24-hour estimated basal metabolic
rate? ANS: 1680 kcal/24 hours*
which term refers to the minimum amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest? ANS: basal
metabolism
what theory proposes that everyone has a genetically determined body weight that is maintained
through internal controls? ANS: set point theory
in which list are all of the vitamins fat-soluble? ANS: Vitamins A,D,E,K
what is the primary role of vitamin D in the body? ANS: to help regulate calcium and bone metabolism
where is most vitamin A stored in the body? ANS: liver
which vitamin is synthesized in the skin with exposure to UVB rays? ANS: vitamin D
iron absorption is enhanced by the consumption of ANS: oranges
What is the major monosaccharide found in the human body? ANS: glucose
Which of these is a complex carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the human digestive process?
ANS: fiber
What is the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010? ANS: to help Americans choose an
overall healthful diet
How much moderate-intensity exercise is recommended in order to decrease an individual's risk of
chronic disease? ANS: 30 minutes per day
What is an advantage of fat as a source of fuel for exercise? ANS: It supplies more than twice the energy
of carbohydrates
In the human body, when is glycogen synthesis greatest? ANS: immediately following exercise*
what is the first step in the production of energy from food? ANS: anaerobic breakdown of glucose in
the cytoplasm
a cell's genetic material is contained in its ANS: nucleus
the primary functions of epithelial tissue in the lining of the respiratory tract are to ANS: secrete
important substances, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste*
what happens in the human body when too much Vitamin C is consumed via supplements? ANS: It is
excreted in the feces and urine
,what substances manufactured by the endocrine glands act as chemical messengers in the body? ANS:
hormones
what is the term for the partially digested food mixture as it leaves the stomach and enters the small
intestine? ANS: chyme
how does the body regulate blood glucose levels after a meal? ANS: insulin is released from the
pancreas
which of these is the only animal-derived food that contains a significant amount of carbohydrates?
ANS: milk
which enzyme breaks down carbohydrate? ANS: amylase
what product is formed as a result of the incomplete breakdown of fat when carbohydrates are not
available to the body? ANS: ketones
which type of fats can raise the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level in the blood? ANS: saturated
which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? ANS: blood pressure > 138/89 mg HG*
if a 100-calorie serving of food has 10 grams of fat, what percentage of the calories in that food is fat?
ANS: 90%
plant proteins are considered incomplete when they are missing which of these? ANS: essential amino
acids
edema can be caused by a lack of which substance in the bloodstream? ANS: protein
, the enzymatic digestion of protein begins in the ANS: stomach
based on the RDA, how many grams of protein would a healthy 125-pound woman need daily? ANS: 46
which of the following is closely correlated with an increase in basal metabolic rate? ANS: having
greater lean body mass*
joe is 25 years old and weighs 154 pounds. What would be Joe's 24-hour estimated basal metabolic
rate? ANS: 1680 kcal/24 hours*
which term refers to the minimum amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest? ANS: basal
metabolism
what theory proposes that everyone has a genetically determined body weight that is maintained
through internal controls? ANS: set point theory
in which list are all of the vitamins fat-soluble? ANS: Vitamins A,D,E,K
what is the primary role of vitamin D in the body? ANS: to help regulate calcium and bone metabolism
where is most vitamin A stored in the body? ANS: liver
which vitamin is synthesized in the skin with exposure to UVB rays? ANS: vitamin D
iron absorption is enhanced by the consumption of ANS: oranges
