MPK Entrance Exam questions with accurate
answers
ACL function Ans✓✓✓ Primary - restrain anterior tibial translation
Secondary - restrains interplanetary and valgus tibial rotations in full
extension
- controls screw-home motion
ACL origin and insertion Ans✓✓✓ Origin: medial wall of lateral
femoral condyle
Insertion: anterior intercondylar area of tibia
Additional Knee flexors (besides hamstrings) Ans✓✓✓ Sartorius
gracialus
popliteus
gastrocnemius
Articular cartilage Ans✓✓✓ hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones
in synovial joints; 1/4 inch (6.35mm); white, shiny, smooth surface
Benign Bone Tumors (3) Ans✓✓✓ 1. Osteochondromas
- protrusion of bone with a cartilage cap, often seen in metaphysis of
distal femur or proximal tibia
2. Nonossifying Fibroma
,- fibrous lesion of bone often in knee or ankle
2. Giant Cell Tumors
- 5-10% of benign tumors
often found around knee, distal radius, and sacrum
Coxa valga (in hip) Ans✓✓✓ Angle between femoral neck and shaft is
greater than 140º
Coxa Vara (in hip) Ans✓✓✓ Angle between femoral neck and shaft is
120º or less
Deep Flexion Arc - properties Ans✓✓✓ - passive - can only be
performed by physically pulling leg or squatting
- femur translates posteriorly
Diaphysis Ans✓✓✓ "Shaft" of long bone; made from compact bone,
protects and supports
Dorsiflexion Ans✓✓✓ Flexion of angle so that foot points superiorly
Endosteum Ans✓✓✓ membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the
bone; contains osteocytes and some connective tissue
Epiphysis Ans✓✓✓ Where bones form joint; covered in articular
cartilage (reduce friction and absorbs shock)
, Extensor mechanism Ans✓✓✓ A complex interaction of muscles,
ligaments, and tendons that stabilize and provide motion at the
patellofemoral joint.
- patella, patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, quad muscles,
- contract to straighten the knee joint
Flat bones Ans✓✓✓ Surround and protect organs, provide large
surface area for muscle attachment; ex. Cranium, sternum, ribs
Foot Drop Ans✓✓✓ In ability to dorsiflex foot
- could be caused by damage to peroneal nerve in knee arthroplasty
Functional Arc - properties Ans✓✓✓ - active - controlled by ligaments
and muscles
- as knee flexes, tibia rotates internally
General Structure of Synovial Joints (6 features) Ans✓✓✓ Have
following basic features:
1. Articular cartilage
2. Joint cavity (synovial cavity)
3. Articular capsule
4. Synovial fluid
answers
ACL function Ans✓✓✓ Primary - restrain anterior tibial translation
Secondary - restrains interplanetary and valgus tibial rotations in full
extension
- controls screw-home motion
ACL origin and insertion Ans✓✓✓ Origin: medial wall of lateral
femoral condyle
Insertion: anterior intercondylar area of tibia
Additional Knee flexors (besides hamstrings) Ans✓✓✓ Sartorius
gracialus
popliteus
gastrocnemius
Articular cartilage Ans✓✓✓ hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones
in synovial joints; 1/4 inch (6.35mm); white, shiny, smooth surface
Benign Bone Tumors (3) Ans✓✓✓ 1. Osteochondromas
- protrusion of bone with a cartilage cap, often seen in metaphysis of
distal femur or proximal tibia
2. Nonossifying Fibroma
,- fibrous lesion of bone often in knee or ankle
2. Giant Cell Tumors
- 5-10% of benign tumors
often found around knee, distal radius, and sacrum
Coxa valga (in hip) Ans✓✓✓ Angle between femoral neck and shaft is
greater than 140º
Coxa Vara (in hip) Ans✓✓✓ Angle between femoral neck and shaft is
120º or less
Deep Flexion Arc - properties Ans✓✓✓ - passive - can only be
performed by physically pulling leg or squatting
- femur translates posteriorly
Diaphysis Ans✓✓✓ "Shaft" of long bone; made from compact bone,
protects and supports
Dorsiflexion Ans✓✓✓ Flexion of angle so that foot points superiorly
Endosteum Ans✓✓✓ membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the
bone; contains osteocytes and some connective tissue
Epiphysis Ans✓✓✓ Where bones form joint; covered in articular
cartilage (reduce friction and absorbs shock)
, Extensor mechanism Ans✓✓✓ A complex interaction of muscles,
ligaments, and tendons that stabilize and provide motion at the
patellofemoral joint.
- patella, patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, quad muscles,
- contract to straighten the knee joint
Flat bones Ans✓✓✓ Surround and protect organs, provide large
surface area for muscle attachment; ex. Cranium, sternum, ribs
Foot Drop Ans✓✓✓ In ability to dorsiflex foot
- could be caused by damage to peroneal nerve in knee arthroplasty
Functional Arc - properties Ans✓✓✓ - active - controlled by ligaments
and muscles
- as knee flexes, tibia rotates internally
General Structure of Synovial Joints (6 features) Ans✓✓✓ Have
following basic features:
1. Articular cartilage
2. Joint cavity (synovial cavity)
3. Articular capsule
4. Synovial fluid
