7/21/25, 8:36
AM
MBI 111 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (108)
In the early 1980s a cluster of young men
How/When did in San Francisco, LA, and New York had
HIV/AIDS first appear? the same symptoms.
They were all homosexual
- Severe pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis
jiroveci (normally harmless fungus)
What symptoms did - Kaposi's sarcoma (rare type of cancer)
the first group of men - Sudden weight loss
infected with
- Swollen lymph nodes
HIV/AIDS share?
- Loss of immune function and lots of
opportunistic infections
What was HIV/AIDS GRID : Gay-Related Immunodeficiency Disease
originally called?
How did cases of - Hemophiliacs who received contaminated
HIV/AIDS start blood transfusions
showing up in - Intravenous drug users
heterosexual men
1/
26
,7/21/25, 8:36
AM
and women?
- blood clotting disorder
Hemophilia - people who had this, and received blood
transfusions was a way HIV/AIDS got into
the hetrosexual community
What does HIV stand Human immunodeficiency virus
for?
Who and how was the French scientists identified the virus from
HIV virus identified? the lymph nodes and other tissues of
diseased people
What does AIDS stand Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
for?
Syndrome - collection of signs and symptoms
- AIDS is example
AIDS - Syndrome associated with HIV infection
- Popular theory: from monkeys
- Humans acquired the virus from contaminated
Where did HIV come chimps
from? by consuming infected meat, blood
contact during hunting, or ceremonial use
of chimp blood
- Genus Lentivirus
- Enveloped, RNA virus
HIV - Retrovirus
2/
26
, 7/21/25, 8:36
AM
- Converts RNA -> DNA -> RNA to make
protein (Use an viral enzyme called
reverse transcriptase to do this)
Reverse Transcriptase - Viral enzyme that the HIV virus uses to convert
RNA to DNA and then back to RNA
- Infects helper T cells, B cells,
macrophages, etc. (Surface spikes on
virus allow attachment to immune
cells)
HIV Pathogenesis - Can insert a DNA copy of its genome into
the host cell DNA (Can stay with the cell
for extended periods of time, can later
pop out and form new virus particles)
- Buds from host cells rather than
bursting them open (Allows extended
release of virions from cells,
eventually does kill the host cell)
- Spreads to many other parts of the
body leading to lethal complications
(Lymphatic organs, bone marrow,
central nervous system, etc.)
- 2 main methods of transmission
Transmission of HIV - Sexual Transmission
- Transmission through blood or blood products
- Oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse
3/
26
AM
MBI 111 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (108)
In the early 1980s a cluster of young men
How/When did in San Francisco, LA, and New York had
HIV/AIDS first appear? the same symptoms.
They were all homosexual
- Severe pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis
jiroveci (normally harmless fungus)
What symptoms did - Kaposi's sarcoma (rare type of cancer)
the first group of men - Sudden weight loss
infected with
- Swollen lymph nodes
HIV/AIDS share?
- Loss of immune function and lots of
opportunistic infections
What was HIV/AIDS GRID : Gay-Related Immunodeficiency Disease
originally called?
How did cases of - Hemophiliacs who received contaminated
HIV/AIDS start blood transfusions
showing up in - Intravenous drug users
heterosexual men
1/
26
,7/21/25, 8:36
AM
and women?
- blood clotting disorder
Hemophilia - people who had this, and received blood
transfusions was a way HIV/AIDS got into
the hetrosexual community
What does HIV stand Human immunodeficiency virus
for?
Who and how was the French scientists identified the virus from
HIV virus identified? the lymph nodes and other tissues of
diseased people
What does AIDS stand Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
for?
Syndrome - collection of signs and symptoms
- AIDS is example
AIDS - Syndrome associated with HIV infection
- Popular theory: from monkeys
- Humans acquired the virus from contaminated
Where did HIV come chimps
from? by consuming infected meat, blood
contact during hunting, or ceremonial use
of chimp blood
- Genus Lentivirus
- Enveloped, RNA virus
HIV - Retrovirus
2/
26
, 7/21/25, 8:36
AM
- Converts RNA -> DNA -> RNA to make
protein (Use an viral enzyme called
reverse transcriptase to do this)
Reverse Transcriptase - Viral enzyme that the HIV virus uses to convert
RNA to DNA and then back to RNA
- Infects helper T cells, B cells,
macrophages, etc. (Surface spikes on
virus allow attachment to immune
cells)
HIV Pathogenesis - Can insert a DNA copy of its genome into
the host cell DNA (Can stay with the cell
for extended periods of time, can later
pop out and form new virus particles)
- Buds from host cells rather than
bursting them open (Allows extended
release of virions from cells,
eventually does kill the host cell)
- Spreads to many other parts of the
body leading to lethal complications
(Lymphatic organs, bone marrow,
central nervous system, etc.)
- 2 main methods of transmission
Transmission of HIV - Sexual Transmission
- Transmission through blood or blood products
- Oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse
3/
26
