7/21/25, 8:39
AM
MBI 111- EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED
A+ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (132)
non-specific diseases effective against a wide variety of invading
microbes
innate defenses already present at birth
first line of defense goal is to keep invading microbes from getting in
by putting barriers in the way
skin- first layer of outer layer is dead and keratinized cells that are
defense constantly sloughed off
mucous membranes traos microbes and inhibits penetration
what tracts are lined respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary
by the mucus tract
membranes
Cilliary escalator microbes trapped in mucus are transported
away from the lungs
flushing of tissues tears, urine, saliva
chemical barriers lysozyme, acid, bile
lysozyme an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and
tears that destroys the cell walls of
1/
11
, 7/21/25, 8:39
AM
certain bacteria
acid (low pH) kills microbes in the stomach, vagina, bladder,
and on skin
Bile a digestive molecule taht kills microbes in the
small inestie
second line of goal is to provide immediate protective
defenses cellular or chemical responses when
microbes get past the first line
barriers
Phagocytosis A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs
large particles or whole cells
Neutrophils A type of white blood cell that engulfs
invading microbes and contributes to the
nonspecific defenses of the body
against disease.
Monocytes/ ingest and destroy invaders, antigen
Macrophages presentation
process of Chemotaxis; Ingestion; Phagolysosome formation;
phagocytosis Killing and destruction
chemotaxis movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a
chemical stimulus
Ingestion cell membrane of neutrophil or
macrophage creates a pocket surrounding
them in a phagolysome
phagosome then fuses with lysosomes and
2/
11
AM
MBI 111- EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED
A+ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (132)
non-specific diseases effective against a wide variety of invading
microbes
innate defenses already present at birth
first line of defense goal is to keep invading microbes from getting in
by putting barriers in the way
skin- first layer of outer layer is dead and keratinized cells that are
defense constantly sloughed off
mucous membranes traos microbes and inhibits penetration
what tracts are lined respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary
by the mucus tract
membranes
Cilliary escalator microbes trapped in mucus are transported
away from the lungs
flushing of tissues tears, urine, saliva
chemical barriers lysozyme, acid, bile
lysozyme an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and
tears that destroys the cell walls of
1/
11
, 7/21/25, 8:39
AM
certain bacteria
acid (low pH) kills microbes in the stomach, vagina, bladder,
and on skin
Bile a digestive molecule taht kills microbes in the
small inestie
second line of goal is to provide immediate protective
defenses cellular or chemical responses when
microbes get past the first line
barriers
Phagocytosis A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs
large particles or whole cells
Neutrophils A type of white blood cell that engulfs
invading microbes and contributes to the
nonspecific defenses of the body
against disease.
Monocytes/ ingest and destroy invaders, antigen
Macrophages presentation
process of Chemotaxis; Ingestion; Phagolysosome formation;
phagocytosis Killing and destruction
chemotaxis movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a
chemical stimulus
Ingestion cell membrane of neutrophil or
macrophage creates a pocket surrounding
them in a phagolysome
phagosome then fuses with lysosomes and
2/
11
