IMED1004 23- Addiction I Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved Graded A+
Why are illicit drugs additive - Answers They activate the reward pathway in the brain (axonal network).
Name the neurotransmitters involved in the reward pathway in the brain - Answers Dopamine,
cannabinoids, serotonin, endorphins, oxytocin.
What does dopamine control in the reward pathway - Answers Pleasure, euphoria, mood, reward motor
function
What does cannabinoids controls in the reward pathway - Answers pain, appetite, memory
What does serotonin control in the reward pathway - Answers Mood, impulsivity, anxiety, sleep
cognition
What receptor does dopamine bind to - Answers GABA- y- aminobutyric
What type of drug is heroin and how does it differ from morphine - Answers an opioid drug0 has two
extra acetyl groups on morphine
What happens to heroin when metabolised after being taken orally - Answers It undergoes extensive
first-pass metabolism via deacetylation, making it a prodrug for morphine.
What happens to heroin when metabolism after being injected - Answers Skips first-pass metabolism
and crosses the blood-brain barrier due to acetyl groups making it lipid-soluble. Once in the brain it is
deacetylated to morphine.
What receptors do morphine bind to and what does this result in - Answers Mu-opioid receptors
resulting in inhibition of GABA release.
What effect does GABA usually have on the brain and how does inhibition via morphine affect this. -
Answers GABA usually decreases dopamine release, so when inhibited the net effect is elevated
dopamine- resulting in the euphoria, analgesic and anxiolytic effects.
What type of drug is cocaine - Answers a tropane alkaloid
What is cocaine derived from - Answers Leaves of the coca plant
What effect does cocaine have on the body - Answers Stimulant of CNS and appetite suppressant
What is cocaines mechanism of action - Answers Stops breakdown of dopamine by monoamine oxidase
(MAO)
What receptors does cocaine bind to - Answers Dopamine re-uptake transporters on pre-synaptic
membranes and dopaminergic neurons. This inhibits its removal from synaptic cleft and subsequent
degradation by MAO.
Is THC lipid or water soluble - Answers lipid
Why are illicit drugs additive - Answers They activate the reward pathway in the brain (axonal network).
Name the neurotransmitters involved in the reward pathway in the brain - Answers Dopamine,
cannabinoids, serotonin, endorphins, oxytocin.
What does dopamine control in the reward pathway - Answers Pleasure, euphoria, mood, reward motor
function
What does cannabinoids controls in the reward pathway - Answers pain, appetite, memory
What does serotonin control in the reward pathway - Answers Mood, impulsivity, anxiety, sleep
cognition
What receptor does dopamine bind to - Answers GABA- y- aminobutyric
What type of drug is heroin and how does it differ from morphine - Answers an opioid drug0 has two
extra acetyl groups on morphine
What happens to heroin when metabolised after being taken orally - Answers It undergoes extensive
first-pass metabolism via deacetylation, making it a prodrug for morphine.
What happens to heroin when metabolism after being injected - Answers Skips first-pass metabolism
and crosses the blood-brain barrier due to acetyl groups making it lipid-soluble. Once in the brain it is
deacetylated to morphine.
What receptors do morphine bind to and what does this result in - Answers Mu-opioid receptors
resulting in inhibition of GABA release.
What effect does GABA usually have on the brain and how does inhibition via morphine affect this. -
Answers GABA usually decreases dopamine release, so when inhibited the net effect is elevated
dopamine- resulting in the euphoria, analgesic and anxiolytic effects.
What type of drug is cocaine - Answers a tropane alkaloid
What is cocaine derived from - Answers Leaves of the coca plant
What effect does cocaine have on the body - Answers Stimulant of CNS and appetite suppressant
What is cocaines mechanism of action - Answers Stops breakdown of dopamine by monoamine oxidase
(MAO)
What receptors does cocaine bind to - Answers Dopamine re-uptake transporters on pre-synaptic
membranes and dopaminergic neurons. This inhibits its removal from synaptic cleft and subsequent
degradation by MAO.
Is THC lipid or water soluble - Answers lipid
