BIO 30 (SJSU) Exam 1 Questions And Answers

If protein is the heritable material, how many unique sequences of 10 amino acids are possible? - ANS 20¹⁰ If DNA is the heritable material, how many unique 10 DNA base pair sequences are possible? - ANS 4¹⁰ Which biomolecule can encode the most unique sequences for a given length? - ANS Protein Based on Griffith's experiments, where can you conclude the heritable material is located? - ANS Loosely attached to the cell wall/membrane Which of the following could be used as a negative control in the Avery experiments? - ANS Buffer solution only Your group is assigned to repeat Avery's experiments in BIOL 30 lab. You are given plates of R cells and tubes of the extracted S factor. In which of the following cases would you see the R cells be transformed into S cells. - ANS All of the above EXCEPT when you add S factor + DNAase Based on the results of Avery's experiments, which biomolecule most likely constitutes the heritable material? - ANS DNA In Table 1.2, which biomolecule was more likely to be found inside the cell? - ANS DNA Which DNA base pairs contain two rings? - ANS Adenine and Guanine The nitrogenous bases are held together by which kind of bonds? - ANS Hydrogen bonds What method of replication did Meselson & Stahl determine was used in DNA replications? - ANS Semi-conservative If DNA replication was conservative, after one generation how many bands in the Meselson & Stahl experiments would you expect? - ANS 2 The following image is of DNA bands following 2.5 generations as well as a quantification of the density of both bands. Which of the bands contains the most DNA? - ANS A (thicker, darker band) In an adult, the gene encoding the fetal hemoglobin protein is most likely to be - ANS Hypermethylated What characteristics are important in the type of RNA that serves as the template for protein translation? - ANS A and C only (Huge turnover rate and variety sizes) Which form(s) of RNA are the most stable / long-lasting? - ANS rRNA You set up an experiment with yeast grown on lots of food (glucose) vs. very little glucose. Would you expect to see differences in the amount and make-up of tRNA between the two groups? - ANS No When comparing RNA from yeast and humans, which type of RNA do you expect to be the most similar? - ANS rRNA Under what conditions would you expect to find the highest levels of permease protein in E. Coli? - ANS High lactose levels in the environment Under what conditions would you expect to find the highest levels of LacI gene product in E. Coli? - ANS Low lactose levels in the environment Use the data shown in Biomath 2.1 to solve this question. How much time elapsed between the first and second measurements, from 2 to 8 µg, in Figure 2.8? Write your answer as a whole number in minutes (only write the number, not the units). - ANS 40 What is the steroid receptor for progesterone made of? Use the data below to answer. - ANS Protein Which of the following is not necessary for protein translation? - ANS DNA/chromosomes In the following graph, which group is a negative controls? - ANS 24 degrees, no Poly-U Some amino acids are encoded by four codons. Which base of these codon can be altered without changing the encoded amino acids? - ANS Third You are studying an unknown protein and determine that the mRNA sequence for the protein is the following: AUGUUUAUUGCCUGA Using the following figure, determine how many amino acids are in this protein. - ANS 4 Under what condition would you expect to see high amounts of insulin in the blood? - ANS B and C only (after eating a big meal and after drinking a sugary soda) The mRNA of human insulin codes for 24 more amino acids than are present in the final insulin protein. What is a possible function of these additional amino acids? - ANS All of the above (Direct the protein to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Assist in protein folding) Which segments of mRNA are spliced out: - ANS Introns What type of bond is used by the ribosome to put two amino acids together when making a protein? - ANS Covalent Bond Which of the following is true about a plant that Mendel found to be 'true breeding' for purple flowers? - ANS The plant is homozygous for flower color Look at the table below and determine which allele is dominant. - ANS Smooth Peas The fatal human illness called Huntington disease (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. is caused by a dominant mutant allele. Calculate the probability that a couple will have a child with the disease if the father is heterozygous and the mother is homozygous recessive. - ANS 1 in 2 or 50% The fatal human illness called Huntington disease (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. is caused by a dominant mutant allele. Calculate the probability that a couple will have two children with the disease if the father is heterozygous and the mother is homozygous recessive. - ANS 1 in 4 or 25%