Bio 2100 Final Exam 3 Questions and
Answers Graded A+(2025-2026)
Updated.
Transmission - Answer movement of pathogens from one environment to another
Direct transmission - Answer Direct and droplet contact
Direct contact - Answer horizontally- exchange of fluids
Vertical- mother to baby
Droplet contact - Answer carried <3 feet by sneeze, cough, or talk, pathogen can't survive if
dried out
Indirect transmissions - Answer transfer of pathogen from reservoir to a new host by indirect
means
Airborne
Vehicle
Vector
Reservoir - Answer living or non living habitat for a pathogen where it lives and multiplies
Airborne transmission - Answer very hardy pathogens that resist drying out, spread >3 feet
(chicken pox)
Vehicle transmission - Answer a vehicle or fomite indirectly transmits the pathogen
Vehicle - Answer food, water, biological products (feces)
Fomite - Answer an inanimate object (doorknob, bedding, utensil, desk)
Vector transmission - Answer a vector indirectly transmits the pathogen
, How to slow the spread of pathogens - Answer hand washing, safe sex, bug repellent, smart
handling of food
Ebola/Marburg - Answer similar diseases caused by similar RNA filoviruses, both cause
hemorrhagic fever
fever, chills, headache, rash, nausea, bleeding and organ failure
No treatments or vaccine, several strains named for the first cases location
Epidemiology - Answer the study of occurrence, distribution, and control of disease,
considered time, human characteristics, occurrence
Incubation period - Answer time between exposure and symptoms
Period of communicability - Answer time between a person is considered contagious
Endemic - Answer a disease that is always present, usually at low level incidence
Epidemic - Answer a sudden increase in the illness and death rate above usual numbers
Common source - Answer arise from contact with a single contaminated source
Propaged - Answer initiated by one infected individual in a population of susceptible
individuals, then spreads from there
Pandemic - Answer epidemic on multiple continents
Sporadic - Answer disease that occurs occasionally, intervals in a random and unpredictable
fashion, outbreaks
Reservoirs - Answer sites in which microbes survive and from which they can be transmitted
Zoonosis - Answer animals are the main reservoir for the disease that can be transmitted to
humans
Answers Graded A+(2025-2026)
Updated.
Transmission - Answer movement of pathogens from one environment to another
Direct transmission - Answer Direct and droplet contact
Direct contact - Answer horizontally- exchange of fluids
Vertical- mother to baby
Droplet contact - Answer carried <3 feet by sneeze, cough, or talk, pathogen can't survive if
dried out
Indirect transmissions - Answer transfer of pathogen from reservoir to a new host by indirect
means
Airborne
Vehicle
Vector
Reservoir - Answer living or non living habitat for a pathogen where it lives and multiplies
Airborne transmission - Answer very hardy pathogens that resist drying out, spread >3 feet
(chicken pox)
Vehicle transmission - Answer a vehicle or fomite indirectly transmits the pathogen
Vehicle - Answer food, water, biological products (feces)
Fomite - Answer an inanimate object (doorknob, bedding, utensil, desk)
Vector transmission - Answer a vector indirectly transmits the pathogen
, How to slow the spread of pathogens - Answer hand washing, safe sex, bug repellent, smart
handling of food
Ebola/Marburg - Answer similar diseases caused by similar RNA filoviruses, both cause
hemorrhagic fever
fever, chills, headache, rash, nausea, bleeding and organ failure
No treatments or vaccine, several strains named for the first cases location
Epidemiology - Answer the study of occurrence, distribution, and control of disease,
considered time, human characteristics, occurrence
Incubation period - Answer time between exposure and symptoms
Period of communicability - Answer time between a person is considered contagious
Endemic - Answer a disease that is always present, usually at low level incidence
Epidemic - Answer a sudden increase in the illness and death rate above usual numbers
Common source - Answer arise from contact with a single contaminated source
Propaged - Answer initiated by one infected individual in a population of susceptible
individuals, then spreads from there
Pandemic - Answer epidemic on multiple continents
Sporadic - Answer disease that occurs occasionally, intervals in a random and unpredictable
fashion, outbreaks
Reservoirs - Answer sites in which microbes survive and from which they can be transmitted
Zoonosis - Answer animals are the main reservoir for the disease that can be transmitted to
humans
