CHEM 219
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
MODULE 8 EXAM
Portage Learning
Inside you will get:
#### 1. Multiple-Choice Questions
#### 2. True/False Questions
#### 3. Short-Answer Questions
#### 4. Drawings and Mechanism Problems
#### 5. Long-Answer or Essay Questions (Occasional)
#### 6. Expert-Level Rationales (Portage CHEM 219 – 2025 Ready)
,1. Polymers are large molecules made by repetitive linking of smaller
units known as ____. The terms polymer and monomer are derived
from Greek roots poly (many), mono (one), and meros (part).
Polymers are classified as macromolecules. A macromolecule is a
very large molecule composed of ____ of covalently bonded atoms.
Polymers can also be classified as either ____ or synthetic. Natural
polymers include rubber, carbohydrates like starch or cellulose,
proteins, and nucleic acids. The biologically relevant natural polymers
are sometimes called ____. Synthetic polymers are created by
scientists in a lab for ____ purposes.
Answer:
Monomers; thousands; natural; biopolymers; specific
Expert Rationale:
Monomers are the fundamental repeating units in polymer chemistry. The
term "macromolecule" refers to a molecule of exceptionally large molecular
mass, typically composed of thousands of atoms. Polymers can be
classified as either natural, such as biopolymers (DNA, proteins,
polysaccharides), or synthetic, developed for specific functional purposes in
research or industry. Understanding these distinctions provides
foundational knowledge for the study of polymer structure and applications.
---
2. Describe how addition polymers and condensation polymers differ
in terms of the overall mechanism of their formation.
Answer:
, Addition polymers are formed by the repetitive addition of monomer units
without the elimination of any atoms. All atoms of the monomer are retained
in the resulting polymer. In contrast, condensation polymers form through
reactions between functional groups on different monomer molecules,
typically resulting in the elimination of a small molecule such as water or
methanol, so not all atoms from the monomers are present in the final
polymer.
Expert Rationale:
The distinction between addition and condensation polymerization is
fundamental: addition polymerization involves chain-growth mechanisms
where vinyl monomers polymerize without any by-product, while
condensation polymerization involves step-growth, leading to by-products
and potentially more diverse architectures.
---
3. Match the name of each step in a free radical chain reaction to its
correct description
1. Termination
2. Initiation
3. Propagation
A. The production of radical species from non-radical species
B. The reaction of a radical with a non-radical
C. The reaction of two radical species with one another
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
MODULE 8 EXAM
Portage Learning
Inside you will get:
#### 1. Multiple-Choice Questions
#### 2. True/False Questions
#### 3. Short-Answer Questions
#### 4. Drawings and Mechanism Problems
#### 5. Long-Answer or Essay Questions (Occasional)
#### 6. Expert-Level Rationales (Portage CHEM 219 – 2025 Ready)
,1. Polymers are large molecules made by repetitive linking of smaller
units known as ____. The terms polymer and monomer are derived
from Greek roots poly (many), mono (one), and meros (part).
Polymers are classified as macromolecules. A macromolecule is a
very large molecule composed of ____ of covalently bonded atoms.
Polymers can also be classified as either ____ or synthetic. Natural
polymers include rubber, carbohydrates like starch or cellulose,
proteins, and nucleic acids. The biologically relevant natural polymers
are sometimes called ____. Synthetic polymers are created by
scientists in a lab for ____ purposes.
Answer:
Monomers; thousands; natural; biopolymers; specific
Expert Rationale:
Monomers are the fundamental repeating units in polymer chemistry. The
term "macromolecule" refers to a molecule of exceptionally large molecular
mass, typically composed of thousands of atoms. Polymers can be
classified as either natural, such as biopolymers (DNA, proteins,
polysaccharides), or synthetic, developed for specific functional purposes in
research or industry. Understanding these distinctions provides
foundational knowledge for the study of polymer structure and applications.
---
2. Describe how addition polymers and condensation polymers differ
in terms of the overall mechanism of their formation.
Answer:
, Addition polymers are formed by the repetitive addition of monomer units
without the elimination of any atoms. All atoms of the monomer are retained
in the resulting polymer. In contrast, condensation polymers form through
reactions between functional groups on different monomer molecules,
typically resulting in the elimination of a small molecule such as water or
methanol, so not all atoms from the monomers are present in the final
polymer.
Expert Rationale:
The distinction between addition and condensation polymerization is
fundamental: addition polymerization involves chain-growth mechanisms
where vinyl monomers polymerize without any by-product, while
condensation polymerization involves step-growth, leading to by-products
and potentially more diverse architectures.
---
3. Match the name of each step in a free radical chain reaction to its
correct description
1. Termination
2. Initiation
3. Propagation
A. The production of radical species from non-radical species
B. The reaction of a radical with a non-radical
C. The reaction of two radical species with one another
