Abdomen ARDMS _ MOCK exam Questions
with Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Progression of which of the following abnormalities flattens the portal veins?
Ans: Biliary obstruction
The wall thickness in a normal fasting gallbladder should not exceed
Ans: 3 mm
This color Doppler sonogram is most likely demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Pseudoaneurysm
This color Doppler image demonstrates turbulent swirling blood flow within a fluid
collection, classic sonographic findings of a common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.
A patient presents with sudden onset of upper abdominal pain. Ultrasound
demonstrates prominence in the stomach rugae. These findings are most suspicious for
which of the following conditions?
Ans: Gastritis
Prominence of the stomach rugae in a patient with upper abdominal pain is most suspicious
for gastritis. Hypervascular, thick gastric walls are sonographic findings associated with
gastric ulcers.
Which of the following is a complication of acute pancreatitis?
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,Ans: Duodenal obstruction
Complications of acute pancreatitis may include abscess formation, duodenal obstruction,
hemorrhage, phlegmon, and pseudocyst formation. Cholecystitis is a possible etiology of
acute pancreatitis.
A patient presents with a history of hematuria. The findings in this duplex image are
most suspicious for which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Carcinoma
A vascular echogenic mass is identified protruding from the posterior wall of the urinary
bladder. Bladder carcinoma commonly presents with a history of painless hematuria. Based
on the clinical history, the sonographic findings are suspicious for a malignant mass.
A sagittal sonogram medial to the porta hepatis is demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Dilated common bile duct
A hypoechoic mass identified by the calipers is obstructing the common bile duct resulting
in dilatation. The mass is most likely a malignancy in the head of the pancreas.
The pathology in this sonogram is most likely a/an
Ans: Pseudocyst
A complex fluid collection is identified posterior to the tail of the pancreas. This is most likely
a pancreatic pseudocyst. Phlegmons and islet cell tumors appear as hypoechoic masses on
ultrasound. A pancreatic hemorrhage is a differential consideration but not the most likely
pathology.
Which of the following abnormalities is demonstrated in this transverse sonogram?
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,Ans: Stones in the duct of Wirsung
Multiple stones are located in main pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsung).
Which of the following is a clinical symptom of hypothyroidism?
Ans: Muscle cramps
Muscles cramping is a symptom of hypothyroidism. Other symptoms may include weight
gain, mental and physical lethargy, arthritis, skin dryness, feeling cold, slow metabolic rate,
and decreased heart rate. Symptoms commonly associated with hyperthyroidism include
weight loss, palpitations, nervousness, exophthalmos, constant hunger, tremors, increased
heart rate, and intolerance to heat.
A 20-year-old patient presents with a palpable left scrotal mass. The sonographic
findings are most suspicious for which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Malignant neoplasm
A malignant neoplasm is the most likely diagnosis in a young adult demonstrating a
hypoechoic intratesticular mass. The patient is afebrile excluding a testicular abscess from
the differential considerations.
A patient presents with a history of a palpable neck mass. Which of the following terms
best describes the sonographic findings?
Ans: Heterogeneous thyroid gland
The sonographer's technical report should describe the right thyroid lobe as demonstrating
an irregular and heterogeneous echo texture.
A patient presents with a history of cirrhosis. The arrows are identifying the
© 2025 All rights reserved
, Ans: coronary ligament
A hyperechoic linear structure is identified dividing the right subphrenic space from the
subhepatic space. This is consistent with the right coronary ligament. The right coronary
ligament serves as a barrier between these two peritoneal spaces.
This color Doppler sonogram is most likely demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Patent umbilical vein
The sonogram is demonstrating a patent paraumbilical vein. Note the liver parenchyma of
the left lobe superior to the patent umbilical vein. Gastric varices are generally located to the
left of midline.
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Portal hypertension
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in cases of portal hypertension.
A duplex image of the splenic vein is demonstrating
Ans: retrograde flow.
That's correct! The splenic vein normally flows toward the transducer, displaying a
waveform above the baseline (antegrade). In this case, the blood is flowing away from the
transducer back toward the spleen (retrograde).
Which of the following structures separates the subphrenic space into two
compartments?
© 2025 All rights reserved
with Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Progression of which of the following abnormalities flattens the portal veins?
Ans: Biliary obstruction
The wall thickness in a normal fasting gallbladder should not exceed
Ans: 3 mm
This color Doppler sonogram is most likely demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Pseudoaneurysm
This color Doppler image demonstrates turbulent swirling blood flow within a fluid
collection, classic sonographic findings of a common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.
A patient presents with sudden onset of upper abdominal pain. Ultrasound
demonstrates prominence in the stomach rugae. These findings are most suspicious for
which of the following conditions?
Ans: Gastritis
Prominence of the stomach rugae in a patient with upper abdominal pain is most suspicious
for gastritis. Hypervascular, thick gastric walls are sonographic findings associated with
gastric ulcers.
Which of the following is a complication of acute pancreatitis?
© 2025 All rights reserved
,Ans: Duodenal obstruction
Complications of acute pancreatitis may include abscess formation, duodenal obstruction,
hemorrhage, phlegmon, and pseudocyst formation. Cholecystitis is a possible etiology of
acute pancreatitis.
A patient presents with a history of hematuria. The findings in this duplex image are
most suspicious for which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Carcinoma
A vascular echogenic mass is identified protruding from the posterior wall of the urinary
bladder. Bladder carcinoma commonly presents with a history of painless hematuria. Based
on the clinical history, the sonographic findings are suspicious for a malignant mass.
A sagittal sonogram medial to the porta hepatis is demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Dilated common bile duct
A hypoechoic mass identified by the calipers is obstructing the common bile duct resulting
in dilatation. The mass is most likely a malignancy in the head of the pancreas.
The pathology in this sonogram is most likely a/an
Ans: Pseudocyst
A complex fluid collection is identified posterior to the tail of the pancreas. This is most likely
a pancreatic pseudocyst. Phlegmons and islet cell tumors appear as hypoechoic masses on
ultrasound. A pancreatic hemorrhage is a differential consideration but not the most likely
pathology.
Which of the following abnormalities is demonstrated in this transverse sonogram?
© 2025 All rights reserved
,Ans: Stones in the duct of Wirsung
Multiple stones are located in main pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsung).
Which of the following is a clinical symptom of hypothyroidism?
Ans: Muscle cramps
Muscles cramping is a symptom of hypothyroidism. Other symptoms may include weight
gain, mental and physical lethargy, arthritis, skin dryness, feeling cold, slow metabolic rate,
and decreased heart rate. Symptoms commonly associated with hyperthyroidism include
weight loss, palpitations, nervousness, exophthalmos, constant hunger, tremors, increased
heart rate, and intolerance to heat.
A 20-year-old patient presents with a palpable left scrotal mass. The sonographic
findings are most suspicious for which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Malignant neoplasm
A malignant neoplasm is the most likely diagnosis in a young adult demonstrating a
hypoechoic intratesticular mass. The patient is afebrile excluding a testicular abscess from
the differential considerations.
A patient presents with a history of a palpable neck mass. Which of the following terms
best describes the sonographic findings?
Ans: Heterogeneous thyroid gland
The sonographer's technical report should describe the right thyroid lobe as demonstrating
an irregular and heterogeneous echo texture.
A patient presents with a history of cirrhosis. The arrows are identifying the
© 2025 All rights reserved
, Ans: coronary ligament
A hyperechoic linear structure is identified dividing the right subphrenic space from the
subhepatic space. This is consistent with the right coronary ligament. The right coronary
ligament serves as a barrier between these two peritoneal spaces.
This color Doppler sonogram is most likely demonstrating which of the following
abnormalities?
Ans: Patent umbilical vein
The sonogram is demonstrating a patent paraumbilical vein. Note the liver parenchyma of
the left lobe superior to the patent umbilical vein. Gastric varices are generally located to the
left of midline.
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in which of the following pathologies?
Ans: Portal hypertension
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in cases of portal hypertension.
A duplex image of the splenic vein is demonstrating
Ans: retrograde flow.
That's correct! The splenic vein normally flows toward the transducer, displaying a
waveform above the baseline (antegrade). In this case, the blood is flowing away from the
transducer back toward the spleen (retrograde).
Which of the following structures separates the subphrenic space into two
compartments?
© 2025 All rights reserved
