Pre-adult brain development (biological)
Exam Already Graded A+
Pre-adult brain development: what are the background studies regarding brain development? - correct
answer Huttenlocher (1979)
Steinberg (2008)
Pre-adult brain development: what are the background studies regarding development on risk taking
behaviour? - correct answer Casey (2008)
Eshel (2007)
Pre-adult brain development: what is the background regarding development on risk taking behaviour? -
correct answer Pre-frontal cortex doesn't mature until mid 20s - well-developed one necessary for high
level reasoning and decision making = adolescents more likely to ignore the negative consequences of
the decisions they make
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Huttonlocher (1979) study? - correct answer Huttenlocher
(1979)
Prefrontal cortex is one of the last areas to mature, suggested it lasts until early 20s - continues develop
as adolescents get better at abstract reasoning and anticipating outcomes
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Steinberg (2008) study? - correct answer Steinberg (2008)
Limbic system (processing social/emotional info) develops earlier than the prefrontal cortex, and during
adolescence the limbic system dominates the prefrontal cortex - risky decisions more common
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Casey (2008) study? - correct answer Casey (2008)
Pre-adult brain development (biological) Exam Already Graded A+
, Ventral striatum responsible for rewards, wants, and desires - early development of it = increased
activity - encourages adolescents to reap the rewards (drinking, drugs, sex etc)
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Eshel (2007) study? - correct answer Eshel (2007)
More brain activity in frontal cortex in adults vs adolescents when they made riskier financial choices,
shows prefrontal cortex not fully developed in teens - not able to rely on brain to control their choices
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the year and title of the study? - correct answer 2014, neural
representation of expected value in the adolescent brain
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the aim of the study? - correct answer Investigated the
influence of brain development on risk taking behaviour
See whether adolescents attach more value to rewards than adults
To identify neural development of expected value (EV) in brains of adolescents
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the method? - correct answer Quasi-experiment using
independent measures design, in a lab
IV = adult or adolescent (naturally occurring)
DV = performance on a simple mixed gambles game during fMRI
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the sample? - correct answer 19 adults and 22 adolescents - all
right-handed
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Pre-adult brain development (biological) Exam Already Graded A+
Exam Already Graded A+
Pre-adult brain development: what are the background studies regarding brain development? - correct
answer Huttenlocher (1979)
Steinberg (2008)
Pre-adult brain development: what are the background studies regarding development on risk taking
behaviour? - correct answer Casey (2008)
Eshel (2007)
Pre-adult brain development: what is the background regarding development on risk taking behaviour? -
correct answer Pre-frontal cortex doesn't mature until mid 20s - well-developed one necessary for high
level reasoning and decision making = adolescents more likely to ignore the negative consequences of
the decisions they make
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Huttonlocher (1979) study? - correct answer Huttenlocher
(1979)
Prefrontal cortex is one of the last areas to mature, suggested it lasts until early 20s - continues develop
as adolescents get better at abstract reasoning and anticipating outcomes
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Steinberg (2008) study? - correct answer Steinberg (2008)
Limbic system (processing social/emotional info) develops earlier than the prefrontal cortex, and during
adolescence the limbic system dominates the prefrontal cortex - risky decisions more common
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Casey (2008) study? - correct answer Casey (2008)
Pre-adult brain development (biological) Exam Already Graded A+
, Ventral striatum responsible for rewards, wants, and desires - early development of it = increased
activity - encourages adolescents to reap the rewards (drinking, drugs, sex etc)
Pre-adult brain development: what was the Eshel (2007) study? - correct answer Eshel (2007)
More brain activity in frontal cortex in adults vs adolescents when they made riskier financial choices,
shows prefrontal cortex not fully developed in teens - not able to rely on brain to control their choices
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the year and title of the study? - correct answer 2014, neural
representation of expected value in the adolescent brain
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the aim of the study? - correct answer Investigated the
influence of brain development on risk taking behaviour
See whether adolescents attach more value to rewards than adults
To identify neural development of expected value (EV) in brains of adolescents
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the method? - correct answer Quasi-experiment using
independent measures design, in a lab
IV = adult or adolescent (naturally occurring)
DV = performance on a simple mixed gambles game during fMRI
Barkley-Levenson and Galvan: what was the sample? - correct answer 19 adults and 22 adolescents - all
right-handed
Self-select - poster and web ads in America
Pre-adult brain development (biological) Exam Already Graded A+
