AP World History – Swords Tests 2024-
2025 Study Guide
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920)
19th Amendment extended the right to vote to women in
federal or
It was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg,
Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being
the catalyst that started the Protestant
95 Theses
Reformation. It contained Luther's list of
accusations against the Roman Catholic
Church.
Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended
Safavid domain to greatest extent; created
slave regiments based on captured Russians,
Abbas the Great
who monopolized firearms within Safavid
armies; incorporated Western military
technology.
Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's
uncle, al-Abbas, they overthrew the Umayyad
Abbasid Caliphate Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from
their capital in Baghdad (founded 762) from
750 to 1258.
, to renounce or relinquish a throne, right,
Abdicate power, claim, responsibility, or the like,
especially in a formal manner
The movement to make slavery and the slave
Abolition trade illegal. Begun by Quakers in England in
the 1780s.
Abolitionism A movement to end slavery.
The indigenous people of Australia; arrived
Aboriginals 40,000 years ago; mistreated by European
settlers.
Concept of government developed during
rise of nation-states in Western Europe during
the 17th century; featured monarchs who
Absolute Monarchy passed laws without parliaments, appointed
professionalized armies and bureaucracies,
established state churches, and imposed
state economic policies.
Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of
political economics. Seen today as the father
Adam Smith of Capitalism. Wrote On the Wealth of
Nations (1776) One of the key figures of the
Scottish Enlightenment.
This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party
in Germany; he believed that strong
Adolf Hitler leadership was required to save Germanic
society, which was at risk due to Jewish,
socialist, democratic, and liberal forces.
, The separation of Africans from their
homeland through centuries of forced
African diaspora
removal to serve as slaves in the Americas
and elsewhere.
An organization dedicated to obtaining equal
voting and civil rights for black inhabitants of
African National South Africa. Founded in 1912 as the South
Congress African Native National Congress, it changed
its name in 1923. Eventually brought greater
equality.
South Africans descended from Dutch and
French settlers of the seventeenth century.
Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies
Afrikaners
in the nineteenth century. Though a minority
among South Africans, they held political
power after 1910.
A serious (often fatal) disease of the immune
system transmitted through blood products
AIDS
especially by sexual contact or contaminated
needles.
The most famous Muslim ruler of India during
the period of Mughal rule. Famous for his
religious tolerance, his investment in rich
Akbar cultural feats, and the creation of a
centralized governmental administration,
which was not typical of ancient and post-
classical India.
German physicist who developed the theory
Albert Einstein of relativity, which states that time, space, and
mass are relative to each other and not fixed.
2025 Study Guide
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920)
19th Amendment extended the right to vote to women in
federal or
It was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg,
Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being
the catalyst that started the Protestant
95 Theses
Reformation. It contained Luther's list of
accusations against the Roman Catholic
Church.
Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended
Safavid domain to greatest extent; created
slave regiments based on captured Russians,
Abbas the Great
who monopolized firearms within Safavid
armies; incorporated Western military
technology.
Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's
uncle, al-Abbas, they overthrew the Umayyad
Abbasid Caliphate Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from
their capital in Baghdad (founded 762) from
750 to 1258.
, to renounce or relinquish a throne, right,
Abdicate power, claim, responsibility, or the like,
especially in a formal manner
The movement to make slavery and the slave
Abolition trade illegal. Begun by Quakers in England in
the 1780s.
Abolitionism A movement to end slavery.
The indigenous people of Australia; arrived
Aboriginals 40,000 years ago; mistreated by European
settlers.
Concept of government developed during
rise of nation-states in Western Europe during
the 17th century; featured monarchs who
Absolute Monarchy passed laws without parliaments, appointed
professionalized armies and bureaucracies,
established state churches, and imposed
state economic policies.
Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of
political economics. Seen today as the father
Adam Smith of Capitalism. Wrote On the Wealth of
Nations (1776) One of the key figures of the
Scottish Enlightenment.
This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party
in Germany; he believed that strong
Adolf Hitler leadership was required to save Germanic
society, which was at risk due to Jewish,
socialist, democratic, and liberal forces.
, The separation of Africans from their
homeland through centuries of forced
African diaspora
removal to serve as slaves in the Americas
and elsewhere.
An organization dedicated to obtaining equal
voting and civil rights for black inhabitants of
African National South Africa. Founded in 1912 as the South
Congress African Native National Congress, it changed
its name in 1923. Eventually brought greater
equality.
South Africans descended from Dutch and
French settlers of the seventeenth century.
Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies
Afrikaners
in the nineteenth century. Though a minority
among South Africans, they held political
power after 1910.
A serious (often fatal) disease of the immune
system transmitted through blood products
AIDS
especially by sexual contact or contaminated
needles.
The most famous Muslim ruler of India during
the period of Mughal rule. Famous for his
religious tolerance, his investment in rich
Akbar cultural feats, and the creation of a
centralized governmental administration,
which was not typical of ancient and post-
classical India.
German physicist who developed the theory
Albert Einstein of relativity, which states that time, space, and
mass are relative to each other and not fixed.
