TAMU Bio 107 Exam 1 (Christopher Lee) Questions and Answer correct

TAMU Bio 107 Exam 1 (Christopher Lee) Questions and Answer correct Viruses are? not living organisms To be living it must have at least what? One Cell Nature is not what? Teleological The natural world does not what? Operate with a plan, purpose, or motive. paradigm shift a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions. Fundamental elements of science #1 If you don't have evidence, you're just a loudmouth with an opinion. Fundamental elements of science #2 One time does not a pattern make Fundamental elements of science #3 Science is not afraid to change its mind; paradigm shifts Fundamental elements of science #4 Others must examine data Extinct Gone and no longer on earth; Rule 99% of everything that was once alive on the planet later became... Extant it is still here on earth and is the exception to the rule. Tissue a group of cells with similar form and function 4 major types of tissue #1 Epithelial 4 major types of tissue #2 Connective 4 major types of tissue #3 Muscle 4 major types of tissue #4 Nervous Evolution Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. Goldilocks Zone The perfect distance from a star in order to sustain water Levels of Biological Organization organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere. biological species concept Group that can interbreed, do interbreed, produce viable Offspring, but choose not to interbreed with other groups. Ultimate form of energy in living organisms Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) What does ATP do for the cell? -Helps a cell maintain homeostasis -Living organisms respond to stimuli Metabolism All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell Autotroph An organism that makes its own food Different types of autotroph #1 Plants Different types of autotroph #2 alage Different types of autotroph #3 bacteria Decomposition A chemical reaction that breaks down compounds into simpler products. 2 major groups of decomposers Bacteria and Fungi Importance of decomposers The death of certain organisms helps to propagate and sustain the life of other organisms Homeostasis Maintenance of internal and external conditions within certain boundaries. Gene A piece of DNA that codes for a protein and is made of deoxyribonucleic acid Individuals change over time but populations... evolve If the environment changes? The sustainability of different organisms change characteristics of life Have to have a cell and reproduce. natual selection A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are organisms with other characteristics. Mutations They fuel natural selection, this is how humans made it to top of the food chain Three taxonomic domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya Bacteria and Archaea are? Prokaryotes Prokaryotes go back how far in time? 3.5 billion years Eukarya are what? Eukaryotes Eukaryotes go back how far? 1.9 billion years Eukarya evolved into what? Protists, plants, fungi, and animals. Systematics The study of evolutionary relationships between organisms based on their DNA. What are the kingdoms? Fungi, Plante, and Animalia How to write the first word to write in a genes? Always capitalized How to write the second word in a species? Italicized or underlined How to write genes and species? First word is the genes and second is the species If it can't be studied scientifically then science is? Silent Theory with a capital T means? the entire scientific community has signed off on it. theory with a lowercase t means? it is an opinion. Hypothesis A testable prediction, often implied by a theory What organelle do animals have that plants don't? Lysosomes Tay-Sachs disease -deficiency in enzymes that fails to break down fats Organelles that are plant specific Large central vacuole, Chloroplasts, & Plasmodesmata Vesicles small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell Nucleus keeps what? genetic Material Bacteria do not have what? Nucleus or Nuclear envelope Nuclear envelope is only in what? Eukaryotes and membrane bound organelles Do bacteria have DNA and chromosomes? Yes The nucleus has little openings known as what? Nuclear pores what do the nuclear pores in a nucleus do? Allow molecules to move in and out of the nucleus. Prokayote unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus Eukayote cells that have a nucleus Characteristics of archaea Live in extreme conditions characteristics of bacteria. #1 Cause death characteristics of bacteria #2 Can be useful in manufacturing products and drugs. Characteristics of bacteria #3 3 basic- round, rod , spiral (morphologies) Characteristics of bacteria #4 Plasmids