CHEM 163 FINAL STUDY EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Predicting if a solid will form - ANS Compare Qsp (not @ eq.) to Ksp (@ eq.)
1. Qsp>Ksp: rxn favors reactants, solid will form
2. Qsp<Ksp: rxn favors products, solid will not form
--Don't forget, Q is a rxn quotient, exclude pure substances, coefficients become exponents
Eq. Const. Expression - ANS -Coefficients become exponents
-exclude pure substances (l), (s). These do not contribute to eq.
Strength of weak acids - ANS Ka= "big" number, "stronger" weak acidKa= "small" number,
"weaker" acid
--->can rank weak acids based on their Ka
Arrhenius Acids and Bases - ANS Acid: Cmpd. that donates an H+ in H2O
Base: Cmpd. that donates an OH- in H2O
Percent ionization - ANS deg. of ionization*100
--more useful to us
--this is the percent of the molecule that broke apart
--almost always <10%
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, Voltaic cell notation - ANS -oxidation 1/2 rxn written on left (anode)
-reduction 1/2 rxn written on right (cathode)
-phase boundary (|) single vertical bar
-salt bridge (||) two vertical bars
Buffer - ANS A solution characterized by its ability to resist change in pH
Eq. Const. K - ANS Ratio (no units) of products to reactants @ eq.-K>1 @eq. favors prod.-K<1
@eq. favors react.
Homogenous equilibrium - ANS all reactants and products are in same phase of matter
Heterogeneous equilibrium - ANS reactants and products are in two or more different
phases of matter
Kp - ANS equilibrium constant for gas-phase reactions based on partial pressures of reactants
and products.
Kc - ANS equilibrium constant for reactions based on concentrations of reactants and
products
Diatomic Molecules - ANS H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
"Big" K value - ANS K>100 @ eq., rxn favors products.
"Small" K value - ANS K<0.01 @ eq., rxn favors reactants
Kc aprrox. =1 - ANS .01<K<100 @ eq., roughly prod=react.
2 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Predicting if a solid will form - ANS Compare Qsp (not @ eq.) to Ksp (@ eq.)
1. Qsp>Ksp: rxn favors reactants, solid will form
2. Qsp<Ksp: rxn favors products, solid will not form
--Don't forget, Q is a rxn quotient, exclude pure substances, coefficients become exponents
Eq. Const. Expression - ANS -Coefficients become exponents
-exclude pure substances (l), (s). These do not contribute to eq.
Strength of weak acids - ANS Ka= "big" number, "stronger" weak acidKa= "small" number,
"weaker" acid
--->can rank weak acids based on their Ka
Arrhenius Acids and Bases - ANS Acid: Cmpd. that donates an H+ in H2O
Base: Cmpd. that donates an OH- in H2O
Percent ionization - ANS deg. of ionization*100
--more useful to us
--this is the percent of the molecule that broke apart
--almost always <10%
1 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Voltaic cell notation - ANS -oxidation 1/2 rxn written on left (anode)
-reduction 1/2 rxn written on right (cathode)
-phase boundary (|) single vertical bar
-salt bridge (||) two vertical bars
Buffer - ANS A solution characterized by its ability to resist change in pH
Eq. Const. K - ANS Ratio (no units) of products to reactants @ eq.-K>1 @eq. favors prod.-K<1
@eq. favors react.
Homogenous equilibrium - ANS all reactants and products are in same phase of matter
Heterogeneous equilibrium - ANS reactants and products are in two or more different
phases of matter
Kp - ANS equilibrium constant for gas-phase reactions based on partial pressures of reactants
and products.
Kc - ANS equilibrium constant for reactions based on concentrations of reactants and
products
Diatomic Molecules - ANS H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
"Big" K value - ANS K>100 @ eq., rxn favors products.
"Small" K value - ANS K<0.01 @ eq., rxn favors reactants
Kc aprrox. =1 - ANS .01<K<100 @ eq., roughly prod=react.
2 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
