CHAMBERLAIN NR507 MIDTERM
EXAM WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2025
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Cytotoxic reaction;
tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue
,damage; severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes
are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions - CORRECT-
ANSWERS- Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell
surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the
cell surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex
is then deposited in the tissues.
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Facial rash
confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
, - Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Autoimmunity - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Can be familial: Affected family
members may not all develop the same disease, but several members may
have different disorders characterized by a variety of hypersensitivity
reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
Alloimmunity - CORRECT-ANSWERS- General term used to describe when an
individual's immune system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other
members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection,
Transfusion reaction.
Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- T-cell mediated
EXAM WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2025
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- "Allergic reaction"
- Mediated by IgE.
- Inflammation d/t mast cell degranulation.
- Hay fever, hives (uticaria).
- Local s/s: itching, rash.
- Systemic: wheezing.
- Severe, systemic reaction: anaphylaxis: hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction.
- Main tx: epinephrine.
Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Cytotoxic reaction;
tissue specific
- Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
- Causes tissue damage or alters function
- Examples: 1) Grave's disease- example of altering thyroid function, doesn't
destroy thyroid tissue. 2) ABO incompatibility- example of cell/tissue
,damage; severe transfusion reaction occurs & the transfused erythrocytes
are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Difference between type 2 & 3 hypersensitivity reactions - CORRECT-
ANSWERS- Type 2: organ specific; antibody binds to the antigen on the cell
surface.
- Type 3: not organ specific; antibody binds to soluble antigen outside the
cell surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, and the complex
is then deposited in the tissues.
Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Immune complex
- Antigen-antibody complex deposited in the tissues
- Neutrophils are the primary effector cell
- Causes autoimmune diseases
- Examples: rheumatoid arthritis (joints), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE,
organs)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Facial rash
confined to the cheeks (malar rash)
- Discoid rash (raised patches, scaling)
- Photosensitivity (skin rash d/t sunlight exposure)
- Oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers
, - Hematologic disorders (hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia,
thrombocytopenia)
- Immunologic disorders
- Non-erosive arthritis of at least two peripheral joints
- Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis)
- Renal disorder
- Neurologic disorders (seizures, psychosis)
- Presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Autoimmunity - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Can be familial: Affected family
members may not all develop the same disease, but several members may
have different disorders characterized by a variety of hypersensitivity
reactions (autoimmune and allergic reactions).
Alloimmunity - CORRECT-ANSWERS- General term used to describe when an
individual's immune system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other
members of the same species.
- Examples: Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes
sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, Transplant rejection,
Transfusion reaction.
Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction - CORRECT-ANSWERS- T-cell mediated
