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What is the central role of health services financing in the United States?
a. Fund health insurance
b. Underwrite medical risk
c. Support managed care
d. Balance the supply of health care professionals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a. Fund health
insurance
What is the primary mechanism that enables people to obtain health care services?
a. Availability of services
b. Health insurance
c. Payment for services
d. Control of expenditures - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔b. Health insurance
,The phenomenon called 'moral hazard' results directly from
a. the uninsured status of segment of the U.S. population
b. inadequate payment to providers
c. managed care enrollment
d. health insurance coverage - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔d. health insurance coverage
Controlling total health care expenditures by restricting financing for health
insurance.
a. top-down control
b. demand-side rationing
c. underwriting
d. underutilization - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔b. demand-side rationing
IN national health care systems, total expenditures are controlled mainly through
a. cost shifting
b. underwriting
c. supply-side rationing
d. demand-side rationing - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔c. supply-side rationing
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,In a general sense, what is the primary purpose of insurance?
a. Predicting risk
b. Risk assessment
c. Protection against risk
d. Underwriting - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔c. Protection against risk
Private health insurance is also referred to as
a. mandatory health insurance
b. public insurance
c. employee health insurance
d. voluntary health insurance - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔d. voluntary health insurance
Under community rating
a. premiums are based on risk rating
b. premiums are based on a group's utilization of health care services
c. high-risk individuals pay a higher premium that low-risk individuals
d. both high-risk and low-risk people are charged the same premium - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔d. both high-risk and low-risk people are charged the same premium
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, Which method of risk assessment is required by the ACA for individual and small-
group health insurance?
a. experience rating
b. pure community rating
c. adjusted community rating
d. risk selection - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔c. adjusted community rating
Under experience rating,
a. costs shift from people in poor health to people in good health
b. favorable risk groups pay a lower premium than high-risk groups
c. premiums rise for every one regardless of risk
d. deductibles and copayments are eliminated - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔b. favorable risk
groups pay a lower premium than high-risk groups
What is the main advantage of group insurance?
a. More people can obtain insurance from a single insurer
b. Risk is spread out among a large number of insured
c. More comprehensive services can be covered than under an individual plan
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