NURS 611
NURS 611 EXAM 4 PATHO
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Digoxin levels need to be monitored closely when the following medication is started: - 4
1.Loratadine
2.Diphenhydramine
3.Ipratropium
4.Albuterol
Patients with pheochromocytoma should avoid which of the following classes of drugs
because of the possibility of developing hypertensive crisis? - 2
1.
Expectorants
2.
Beta-2-agonists
3.
Antitussives
4.
Antihistamines
Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the
following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all? - 2
1.
Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid
2.
Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist
3.
Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist
4.
Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
Long-acting beta-agonists (LTBAs) received a Black Box Warning from the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration due to the: - 3
1.
Risk of life-threatening dermatological reactions
2.
Increased incidence of cardiac events when LTBAs are used
3.
Increased risk of asthma-related deaths when LTBAs are used
4.
Risk for life-threatening alterations in electrolytes
The bronchodilator of choice for patients taking propranolol is: - 4
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1.
Albuterol
2.
Pirbuterol
3.
Formoterol
4.
Ipratropium
James is a 52-year-old overweight smoker taking theophylline for his persistent asthma.
He tells his provider he is going to start the Atkin's diet for weight loss. The appropriate
response would be: - 2
1.
Congratulate him on making a positive change in his life.
2.
Recommend he try stopping smoking instead of the Atkin's diet.
3.
Schedule him for regular testing of serum theophylline levels during his diet due to
increased excretion of theophylline.
4.
Decrease his theophylline dose because a high-protein diet may lead to elevated
theophylline levels.
Li takes theophylline for his persistent asthma and calls the office with a complaint of
nausea, vomiting, and headache. The best advice for him would be to: - 3
1.
Reassure him this is probably a viral infection and should be better soon
2.
Have him seen the same day for an assessment and theophylline level
3.
Schedule him for an appointment in 2 to 3 days, which he can cancel if he is better
4.
Order a theophylline level at the laboratory for him
Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) is an inhaled anticholinergic: - 1
1.
Used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
2.
Used in the treatment of asthma
3.
Combined with albuterol for treatment of asthma exacerbations
4.
Combined with fluticasone for the treatment of persistent asthma
Christy has exercise-induced and mild persistent asthma and is prescribed two puffs of
albuterol 15 minutes before exercise and as needed for wheezing. One puff per day of
NURS 611
,NURS 611
beclomethasone (QVAR) is also prescribed. Teaching regarding her inhalers includes: -
2
1.
Use one to two puffs of albuterol per day to prevent an attack with no more than eight
puffs per day
2.
Beclomethasone needs to be used every day to treat her asthma
3.
Report any systemic side effects she is experiencing, such as weight gain
4.
Use the albuterol metered-dose inhaler (MDI) immediately after her corticosteroid MDI
to facilitate bronchodilation
When prescribing montelukast (Singulair) for asthma, patients or parents of patients
should be instructed: - 3
1.
Montelukast twice a day is started when there is an asthma exacerbation.
2.
Patients may experience weight gain on montelukast.
3.
Aggression, anxiety, depression, and/or suicidal thoughts may occur when taking
montelukast.
4.
Lethargy and hypersomnia may occur when taking montelukast.
Montelukast (Singulair) may be prescribed for: - 2
1.
A 6-year-old child with exercise-induced asthma
2.
A 2-year-old child with moderate persistent asthma
3.
An 18-month-old child with seasonal allergic rhinitis
4.
None of the above; montelukast is not approved for use in children
The known drug interactions with the inhaled corticosteroid beclomethasone (QVAR)
include: - 4
1.
Albuterol
2.
MMR vaccine
3.
Insulin
4.
None of the above
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When educating patients who are starting on inhaled corticosteroids, the provider
should tell them that: - 3
1.
They need to get any live vaccines before starting the medication.
2.
Inhaled corticosteroids need to be used daily during asthma exacerbations to be
effective.
3.
Patients should rinse their mouths out after using the inhaled corticosteroid to prevent
thrush.
4.
They can triple the dose number of inhalations of medication during colds to prevent
needing systemic steroids.
Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of: - 4
1.
Fluticasone (Flonase)
2.
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
3.
OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom)
4.
Any of the above
Howard is a 72-year-old male who occasionally takes diphenhydramine for his seasonal
allergies. Monitoring for this patient taking diphenhydramine would include assessing
for: - 1
1.
Urinary retention
2.
Cardiac output
3.
Peripheral edema
4.
Skin rash
First-generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal
allergies because they are: - 2
1.
More effective than first-generation antihistamines
2.
Less sedating than the first-generation antihistamines
3.
Prescription products, therefore are covered by insurance
4.
Able to be taken with central nervous system (CNS) sedatives, such as alcohol
NURS 611
NURS 611 EXAM 4 PATHO
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Digoxin levels need to be monitored closely when the following medication is started: - 4
1.Loratadine
2.Diphenhydramine
3.Ipratropium
4.Albuterol
Patients with pheochromocytoma should avoid which of the following classes of drugs
because of the possibility of developing hypertensive crisis? - 2
1.
Expectorants
2.
Beta-2-agonists
3.
Antitussives
4.
Antihistamines
Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the
following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all? - 2
1.
Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid
2.
Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist
3.
Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist
4.
Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
Long-acting beta-agonists (LTBAs) received a Black Box Warning from the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration due to the: - 3
1.
Risk of life-threatening dermatological reactions
2.
Increased incidence of cardiac events when LTBAs are used
3.
Increased risk of asthma-related deaths when LTBAs are used
4.
Risk for life-threatening alterations in electrolytes
The bronchodilator of choice for patients taking propranolol is: - 4
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,NURS 611
1.
Albuterol
2.
Pirbuterol
3.
Formoterol
4.
Ipratropium
James is a 52-year-old overweight smoker taking theophylline for his persistent asthma.
He tells his provider he is going to start the Atkin's diet for weight loss. The appropriate
response would be: - 2
1.
Congratulate him on making a positive change in his life.
2.
Recommend he try stopping smoking instead of the Atkin's diet.
3.
Schedule him for regular testing of serum theophylline levels during his diet due to
increased excretion of theophylline.
4.
Decrease his theophylline dose because a high-protein diet may lead to elevated
theophylline levels.
Li takes theophylline for his persistent asthma and calls the office with a complaint of
nausea, vomiting, and headache. The best advice for him would be to: - 3
1.
Reassure him this is probably a viral infection and should be better soon
2.
Have him seen the same day for an assessment and theophylline level
3.
Schedule him for an appointment in 2 to 3 days, which he can cancel if he is better
4.
Order a theophylline level at the laboratory for him
Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) is an inhaled anticholinergic: - 1
1.
Used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
2.
Used in the treatment of asthma
3.
Combined with albuterol for treatment of asthma exacerbations
4.
Combined with fluticasone for the treatment of persistent asthma
Christy has exercise-induced and mild persistent asthma and is prescribed two puffs of
albuterol 15 minutes before exercise and as needed for wheezing. One puff per day of
NURS 611
,NURS 611
beclomethasone (QVAR) is also prescribed. Teaching regarding her inhalers includes: -
2
1.
Use one to two puffs of albuterol per day to prevent an attack with no more than eight
puffs per day
2.
Beclomethasone needs to be used every day to treat her asthma
3.
Report any systemic side effects she is experiencing, such as weight gain
4.
Use the albuterol metered-dose inhaler (MDI) immediately after her corticosteroid MDI
to facilitate bronchodilation
When prescribing montelukast (Singulair) for asthma, patients or parents of patients
should be instructed: - 3
1.
Montelukast twice a day is started when there is an asthma exacerbation.
2.
Patients may experience weight gain on montelukast.
3.
Aggression, anxiety, depression, and/or suicidal thoughts may occur when taking
montelukast.
4.
Lethargy and hypersomnia may occur when taking montelukast.
Montelukast (Singulair) may be prescribed for: - 2
1.
A 6-year-old child with exercise-induced asthma
2.
A 2-year-old child with moderate persistent asthma
3.
An 18-month-old child with seasonal allergic rhinitis
4.
None of the above; montelukast is not approved for use in children
The known drug interactions with the inhaled corticosteroid beclomethasone (QVAR)
include: - 4
1.
Albuterol
2.
MMR vaccine
3.
Insulin
4.
None of the above
NURS 611
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When educating patients who are starting on inhaled corticosteroids, the provider
should tell them that: - 3
1.
They need to get any live vaccines before starting the medication.
2.
Inhaled corticosteroids need to be used daily during asthma exacerbations to be
effective.
3.
Patients should rinse their mouths out after using the inhaled corticosteroid to prevent
thrush.
4.
They can triple the dose number of inhalations of medication during colds to prevent
needing systemic steroids.
Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of: - 4
1.
Fluticasone (Flonase)
2.
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
3.
OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom)
4.
Any of the above
Howard is a 72-year-old male who occasionally takes diphenhydramine for his seasonal
allergies. Monitoring for this patient taking diphenhydramine would include assessing
for: - 1
1.
Urinary retention
2.
Cardiac output
3.
Peripheral edema
4.
Skin rash
First-generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal
allergies because they are: - 2
1.
More effective than first-generation antihistamines
2.
Less sedating than the first-generation antihistamines
3.
Prescription products, therefore are covered by insurance
4.
Able to be taken with central nervous system (CNS) sedatives, such as alcohol
NURS 611
