BIOL111 - Ecology (2025) Actual Exam Questions and Answers A+ Graded

BIOL111 - Ecology (2025) Actual Exam
Questions and Answers A+ Graded




Ecology .is .the .study .of .all .processes .influencing: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-The
.distribution .and .abundance .of .organisms. .Interactions .between .living .thing .and
.the .environment.


Biosphere .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-All .space .occupied .by .living .things .on .the
.earth


Biome .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-A .large, .naturally .occurring .community .of .living
.things .occupying .a .major .habitat .(e.g. .tropical .rain .forest, .tundra)


Ecosystem .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-A .region .containing .interacting .abiotic .and
.biotic .factors


Community .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Population .of .species .that .occur .together .in
.the .same .space .and .time


Population .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Individuals .of .the .same .species .that .co-occur
.in .space .and .time


Individual .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Living .entities .that .are .genetically .and
.physically .discrete


Optimum .range .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-The .range .in .which .species .grow .and
.survive .best .(one .for .every .factor)


Range .of .tolerance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-the .entire .range .of .environmental
.conditions .that .are .tolerable .for .survival


Limits .of .tolerance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-The .high .and .low .ends .of .the .range
.of .tolerance


Zones .of .stress .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Between .the .optimal .range .and .high .or
.low .limit .of .tolerance


What .are .5 .key .abiotic .factors .for .terrestrial .life? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-1.
.Temperature
2. .Light

, 3. .Water .availability
4. .Elevation
5. .Soil .types

What .are .6 .key .abiotic .factors .for .aquatic .life? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-1.
.Temperature
2. .Light
3. .Salinity
4. .Oxygen
5. .Soil .types
6. .pH

Where .is .species .richness .greatest .on .earth? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Near .the
.equator


Allopatric .processes: .Dispersal .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-When .a .few .members .of
.a .species .move .to .a .new .geographical .area


Allopatric .processes: .Vicariance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-When .a .natural
.situation .forms .a .geographic .barrier .to .physically .divide .organisms


What .animals .did .the .first .Polynesian .settlers .bring .to .NZ .- .CORRECT .ANSWER
.-Kiore .(rat) .and .kuri .(dog)


How .many .native .vascular .plant .species .were .native .to .NZ .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER .-2200


What .three .NZ .trees .(native .and .endemic) .are .thought .to .be .Gondwana
.survivors? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Kauri, .beech .and .abrotanella


What .are .4 .features .of .NZ .plants? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-1. .large .proportion .of
.tree .species
2. .Few .deciduous .species
3. .Common .plant/bird .mutualism
4. .Simple, .white .flowers .are .common

Why .are .most .NZ .native .trees .evergreen? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-Not .very .harsh
.winters.
Low .soil .fertility .so .replacing .leaves .is .hard.

Why .are .Karearea .(NZ .falcon), .a .top .predator, .nationally .threatened? .(3
.reasons) .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-1. .Ground .nesting .due .to .having .other .avian
.predators .in .the .past.
2. .Humans .actively .killing .them
3. .Electrocution .from .lines/ .transformers .on .buildings

What .are .four .things .that .island .endemism .can .lead .to? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER .-
1. .Really .big .species
2. .Really .small .species