PSU Psych 100 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

PSU Psych 100 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct wavelength - ANSWER -the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. electromagnetic wavelengths vary from the short blips of cosmic rays to the long pulses of radio transmission hue - ANSWER -the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; when we know as the color names intensity - ANSWER -the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude pupil - ANSWER -the adjustable opening in the center of the eye which light enters iris - ANSWER -a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening lens - ANSWER -the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina retina - ANSWER -the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information accomodation - ANSWER -the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina rods - ANSWER -retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond cones - ANSWER -retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations. optic nerve - ANSWER -the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain blind spot - ANSWER -the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there fovea - ANSWER -the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster feature detectors - ANSWER -nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement opponent-process theory - ANSWER -the theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision. parallel processing - ANSWER -the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers and of conscious problem solving gestalt - ANSWER -an organized whole. emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes figure-ground - ANSWER -the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings grouping - ANSWER -the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups depth perception - ANSWER -the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance visual cliff - ANSWER -a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals binocular cues - ANSWER -depth cues, such as retinal disparity, that depend of the use of two eyes retinal disparity - ANSWER -a binocular cue for perceiving depth: By comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes, the brain computes distance- the greater the disparity (difference) between the two images, the closer the object monocular cues - ANSWER -depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye alone. phi phenomenon - ANSWER -an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession perceptual constancy - ANSWER -perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change color constancy - ANSWER -perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the light perceptual adaptation - ANSWER -in vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field middle ear - ANSWER -the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window cochlea - ANSWER -a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sound waves traveling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve impulses inner ear - ANSWER -the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sac sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER -hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves; also called nerve deafness conduction hearing loss - ANSWER -hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea cochlear implant - ANSWER -a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea place theory - ANSWER -in hearing, the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea's membrane s stimulated