REGIS NU641 ADV Clinical Pharmacology Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Verified Solutions

REGIS NU641 ADV Clinical Pharmacology Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Verified Solutions bismuth subsalicylate before each meal and at bedtime - ANSWER Treatment for possible traveler's diarrhea electrolytes, including potassium and chloride - ANSWER Elderly prescribed lactulose for chronic constipation; Monitoring with long-tern treatment would include PPI bid plus clarithromycin plus amoxicillin for 14 days - ANSWER An acceptable first line treatment for peptic ulcer disease with positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) test is: a PPI for 8 to 12 weeks until healing is complete - ANSWER After H. pylori treatment is completed, the next step in peptic ulcer disease therapy is: Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists - ANSWER A patient with mild GERD is started on the medication first refer the patient for endoscopy - ANSWER The next step in treatment when a patient has been on PPIs twice daily for 12 weeks and not improving is to: Add an H2 blocker such as ranitidine to his therapy or decrease his aspirin does to one tablet daily - ANSWER 82-year-old man takes two aspirin every morning to treat the arthritis pain in his back. Heartburn lately from the aspirin. After ruling out an acute GI bleed, what would be an appropriate course of treatment for him? AA women as a group are at risk of developing osteoporosis due to their lower calcium intake when young and 75% of them are lactose-intolerant, so they avoid milk and other dairy products that are excellent sources of calcium. - ANSWER Education for AA Women about Osteoporosis Alendronate (Fosamax) - ANSWER The drug recommended as the primary treatment for osteoporosis in women over age 70 is: Preterm and newborn infants do not yet have functional pain pathways - CORRECT ANSWER Age-related statement about pain that is NOT true Multiple time when prescriptions are lost with request to refill - ANSWER Statement that raises a "red flag" about potential chemical dependency Acetaminophen is especially useful in both children and adults because it has no effect on platelets and has fewer adverse effects than NSAIDs. - ANSWER True statement about pain Nonopiates, increase dose of nonopiates, opiates - ANSWER If interventions to resolve the cause of pain (e.g., rest, ice, compression, and elevation) are insufficient, pain medications are given based on severity of pain. Drugs are given in which order of use? Cimetidine (Tagamet) - ANSWER The histamine type-2 receptor antagonist (H2HA) that is recommended to avoid because of increased potential side effects and risk of drug interactions Psyllium (Metamucil) orally - ANSWER Pregnant patient in 2nd trimester with constipation needs laxative treatment. What would be the safest and most appropriate for the duration of her pregnancy? NSAID (Such as Ibuprofen) - ANSWER What medication can be used to treat an acute gout attack? Colchicine (Colcrys) - ANSWER What medication should not be used to prevent the progression of gout in a patient? Regular monitoring of weight, glucose level, and vitamin D levels; do not stop abruptly; take with food to minimize GI distress - ANSWER Education for patient taking prednisone Patient who have chronic liver dysfunction/alcoholics - ANSWER Acetaminophen is NOT the drug of choice for mild to moderate pain for which patient? bulk forming - ANSWER What type of laxatives would you recommend for short- or long-term treatment of mild constipation? Angina, Coronary Artery Disease, & Migraines - ANSWER Patients that are at highest risk for abruptly stopping a beta blocker are those with Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - ANSWER The medication that helps the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and myocardial oxygen demand in the myocardium by increasing the myocardial oxygen supply improves insulin sensitivity improves renal hemodynamics reduce production of angiotensin II - ANSWER Roles of Angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in DM patients Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that increases heart rate and preload - ANSWER The pathological change that takes place in HF that is not addressed by ACE inhibitors blunted coronary artery dilation due to calcified plaque - ANSWER Reason why nitro glycerin tablets "do not work well" in patient with hyperlipidemia and angina age factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed - ANSWER Clinical judgement in prescribing includes decreased renal function - ANSWER Prior to prescribing an ACE inhibitor the NP should access for statins - ANSWER First-line pharmacologic therapy for hyperlipidemia Any end-organ damage, direct effects on lifestyle, or inability to perform the tasks of daily living - ANSWER When is consultation with or referral to a cardiologist appropriate? Diuretics - ANSWER If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents? Determine their other risk factors - ANSWER A 65-year-old patient who has been on a lipid-lowering diet and is using plant sterol margarine daily for the past three months. Her LDL is 135mg/dL. What would an appropriate treatment for them be? promote smooth muscle dilation by stopping intracellular entry of calcium into the cell, which increases contractility, which increase the activity of the NA+/K+/ATPase pump indirectly - ANSWER Calcium Channel Blocker's helps control blood pressure because it discussion of expected adverse drug reactions - ANSWER Patient education regarding prescribed medications includes Do not take any herbal products without first discussing this with the provider - ANSWER Patient education when prescribing clopidogrel includes which of the following statements? If they stop the medication, their lipid levels will return to pretreatment levels; medication is a supplement to diet therapy and exercise; and if they have muscle aches or pain,