TEST BANK
BIOSTATISTICS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL AND
HEALTH SCIENCES
Page | 1
, Chapter 1: Introduction To Statistics
1. Determine Whether The Given Value Is A Statistic Or A Parameter: The Average (Mean)
Weight Of All Newborns In A Hospital Over A Month Is 7.5 Pounds.
• A. Statistic
• B. Parameter
Answer: B
Rationale: Since It Refers To The Entire Population Of Newborns In The Hospital, It Is A Parameter.
2. Determine Whether The Given Value Is A Statistic Or A Parameter: A Survey Of 100 Patients
Found That 60% Were Satisfied With Their Healthcare.
• A. Statistic
• B. Parameter
Answer: A
Rationale: The Value Is Based On A Sample, Making It A Statistic.
3. Which Of The Following Represents A Population?
• A. A Sample Of 200 Patients From A Hospital
• B. All Patients Admitted To A Hospital In 2023
• C. A Group Of Patients Selected For A Study
• D. 50 Diabetic Patients From A
Clinic Answer: B
Rationale: A Population Includes All Members Of A Group, While A Sample Is A Subset Of The Population.
4. A Nurse Records The Number Of Times Each Patient Visits The Clinic In A Month. What Type Of Data Is
This?
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
• C. Nominal
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,• D. Ordinal
Answer: A
Rationale: The Number Of Visits Is Discrete Data Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
5. A Researcher Measures The Height Of Patients In A Clinic. What Level Of Measurement Is Height?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Height Is Measured On A Ratio Scale Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
6. Which Type Of Data Is Temperature In Celsius?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: C
Rationale: Temperature In Celsius Is Interval Data Because It Has No True Zero, But The Differences
Between Values Are Meaningful.
7. Determine Whether The Data Is Discrete Or Continuous: The Number Of Babies Born In A
Hospital Each Day.
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
Answer: A
Rationale: The Number Of Babies Born Is Discrete Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
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,8. Determine Whether The Data Is Discrete Or Continuous: The Weight Of Each Newborn In A Hospital.
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
Answer: B
Rationale: Weight Is Continuous Data Because It Can Take Any Value Within A Range.
9. A Nurse Collects Data On The Number Of Days Patients Spend In The Hospital. What Level Of
Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: The Number Of Days Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful Differences
Between Values.
10. A Researcher Categorizes Patients By Blood Type. What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Blood Type Is Nominal Data Because It Represents Categories Without A Meaningful Order.
11. In A Study, The Ages Of Participants Are Recorded. What Type Of Variable Is Age?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
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,• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Age Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful Differences Between Values.
12. Determine The Type Of Sampling Used: A Hospital Administrator Selects Every 5th Patient From A
List Of Discharged Patients.
• A. Simple Random Sampling
• B. Systematic Sampling
• C. Stratified Sampling
• D. Cluster
Sampling Answer: B
Rationale: Systematic Sampling Involves Selecting Every Nth Member Of A Population.
13. A Researcher Randomly Selects 20 Patients From Each Department In A Hospital. What Type Of
Sampling Is This?
• A. Simple Random Sampling
• B. Systematic Sampling
• C. Stratified Sampling
• D. Cluster
Sampling Answer: C
Rationale: Stratified Sampling Involves Dividing The Population Into Subgroups (Departments) And
Sampling Within Those Groups.
14. In An Experiment, The Group That Does Not Receive The Treatment Is Known As The:
• A. Experimental Group
• B. Control Group
• C. Independent Variable
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,• D. Dependent
Variable Answer: B
Rationale: The Control Group Is The Group That Does Not Receive The Treatment And Is Used For
Comparison.
15. In An Experiment, Researchers Study The Effect Of A New Drug On Blood Pressure. The Blood
Pressure Is The:
• A. Independent Variable
• B. Dependent Variable
• C. Control Group
• D. Experimental
Group Answer: B
Rationale: The Blood Pressure Is The Dependent Variable Because It Is The Outcome Being Measured.
16. A Nurse Measures The Cholesterol Levels Of Patients Before And After Taking A New
Medication. This Data Is An Example Of Which Level Of Measurement?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Cholesterol Levels Are Ratio Data Because They Have A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
17. In A Study, The Number Of Patients Who Smoke Is Recorded As "Yes" Or "No." This Is An
Example Of What Type Of Data?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
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,• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: "Yes" Or "No" Data Is Nominal Because It Categorizes Participants Without A Meaningful Order.
18. Determine The Level Of Measurement: A Patient Satisfaction Survey Asks Patients To
Rate Their Experience As "Poor," "Fair," "Good," Or "Excellent."
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: B
Rationale: The Survey Responses Are Ordinal Because They Represent A Ranked Order.
19. A Nurse Records The Systolic Blood Pressures Of Patients. What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Systolic Blood Pressure Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
20. In An Experiment, Patients Are Randomly Assigned To Two Groups: One Receiving A New
Treatment And One Receiving A Placebo. This Is An Example Of:
• A. Observational Study
• B. Experimental Study
• C. Case-Control Study
• D. Cross-Sectional Study
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,Answer: B
Rationale: This Is An Experimental Study Because Patients Are Assigned To Groups And A Variable
(Treatment) Is Manipulated.
21. A Researcher Asks Patients To State Their Satisfaction With Hospital Services On A Scale From
1 To 10. What Type Of Data Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: B
Rationale: Satisfaction Ratings Are Ordinal Because They Represent Ranked Data.
22. A Study Tracks The Number Of Times Patients Are Readmitted To The Hospital. What Type Of
Variable Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Discrete
• D. Continuous
Answer: C
Rationale: The Number Of Readmissions Is Discrete Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
23. A Researcher Collects Data On The Body Temperature Of Patients. What Level Of Measurement
Is Body Temperature In Fahrenheit?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: C
Page | 8
,Rationale: Body Temperature In Fahrenheit Is Interval Data Because It Has No True Zero But The Differences
Between Values Are Meaningful.
24. A Hospital Administrator Surveys 50 Patients To Estimate The Satisfaction Level Of All Patients
Discharged In A Year. The Survey Results Are An Example Of A:
• A. Parameter
• B. Statistic
Answer: B
Rationale: The Results Are A Statistic Because They Are Based On A Sample Of Patients, Not The
Entire Population.
25. A Nurse Tracks The Time (In Minutes) It Takes For Patients To Receive Medication After A Doctor’s
Order.
What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Time In Minutes Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
26. In A Study Of Patient Outcomes, Data Is Collected On Whether Patients Survived (Yes/No) After
Surgery. What Type Of Data Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Survival Data Is Nominal Because It Is Categorical With No Inherent Order.
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, 27. A Researcher Measures The Blood Glucose Levels Of Patients With Diabetes. What Type Of Data
Is Blood Glucose?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Continuous
• D. Discrete
Answer: C
Rationale: Blood Glucose Is Continuous Data Because It Can Take Any Value Within A Range.
28. A Study Collects Data On The Weight Of Babies Born Prematurely. What Level Of Measurement Is
Weight?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Weight Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful Differences
Between Values.
29. Which Of The Following Is An Example Of Categorical (Qualitative) Data?
• A. Age Of Patients
• B. Blood Pressure Readings
• C. Gender Of Patients
• D. Number Of Doctor
Visits Answer: C
Rationale: Gender Is Categorical Data Because It Represents Categories That Cannot Be Measured
Numerically.
Page | 10
BIOSTATISTICS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL AND
HEALTH SCIENCES
Page | 1
, Chapter 1: Introduction To Statistics
1. Determine Whether The Given Value Is A Statistic Or A Parameter: The Average (Mean)
Weight Of All Newborns In A Hospital Over A Month Is 7.5 Pounds.
• A. Statistic
• B. Parameter
Answer: B
Rationale: Since It Refers To The Entire Population Of Newborns In The Hospital, It Is A Parameter.
2. Determine Whether The Given Value Is A Statistic Or A Parameter: A Survey Of 100 Patients
Found That 60% Were Satisfied With Their Healthcare.
• A. Statistic
• B. Parameter
Answer: A
Rationale: The Value Is Based On A Sample, Making It A Statistic.
3. Which Of The Following Represents A Population?
• A. A Sample Of 200 Patients From A Hospital
• B. All Patients Admitted To A Hospital In 2023
• C. A Group Of Patients Selected For A Study
• D. 50 Diabetic Patients From A
Clinic Answer: B
Rationale: A Population Includes All Members Of A Group, While A Sample Is A Subset Of The Population.
4. A Nurse Records The Number Of Times Each Patient Visits The Clinic In A Month. What Type Of Data Is
This?
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
• C. Nominal
Page | 2
,• D. Ordinal
Answer: A
Rationale: The Number Of Visits Is Discrete Data Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
5. A Researcher Measures The Height Of Patients In A Clinic. What Level Of Measurement Is Height?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Height Is Measured On A Ratio Scale Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
6. Which Type Of Data Is Temperature In Celsius?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: C
Rationale: Temperature In Celsius Is Interval Data Because It Has No True Zero, But The Differences
Between Values Are Meaningful.
7. Determine Whether The Data Is Discrete Or Continuous: The Number Of Babies Born In A
Hospital Each Day.
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
Answer: A
Rationale: The Number Of Babies Born Is Discrete Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
Page | 3
,8. Determine Whether The Data Is Discrete Or Continuous: The Weight Of Each Newborn In A Hospital.
• A. Discrete
• B. Continuous
Answer: B
Rationale: Weight Is Continuous Data Because It Can Take Any Value Within A Range.
9. A Nurse Collects Data On The Number Of Days Patients Spend In The Hospital. What Level Of
Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: The Number Of Days Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful Differences
Between Values.
10. A Researcher Categorizes Patients By Blood Type. What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Blood Type Is Nominal Data Because It Represents Categories Without A Meaningful Order.
11. In A Study, The Ages Of Participants Are Recorded. What Type Of Variable Is Age?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
Page | 4
,• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Age Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful Differences Between Values.
12. Determine The Type Of Sampling Used: A Hospital Administrator Selects Every 5th Patient From A
List Of Discharged Patients.
• A. Simple Random Sampling
• B. Systematic Sampling
• C. Stratified Sampling
• D. Cluster
Sampling Answer: B
Rationale: Systematic Sampling Involves Selecting Every Nth Member Of A Population.
13. A Researcher Randomly Selects 20 Patients From Each Department In A Hospital. What Type Of
Sampling Is This?
• A. Simple Random Sampling
• B. Systematic Sampling
• C. Stratified Sampling
• D. Cluster
Sampling Answer: C
Rationale: Stratified Sampling Involves Dividing The Population Into Subgroups (Departments) And
Sampling Within Those Groups.
14. In An Experiment, The Group That Does Not Receive The Treatment Is Known As The:
• A. Experimental Group
• B. Control Group
• C. Independent Variable
Page | 5
,• D. Dependent
Variable Answer: B
Rationale: The Control Group Is The Group That Does Not Receive The Treatment And Is Used For
Comparison.
15. In An Experiment, Researchers Study The Effect Of A New Drug On Blood Pressure. The Blood
Pressure Is The:
• A. Independent Variable
• B. Dependent Variable
• C. Control Group
• D. Experimental
Group Answer: B
Rationale: The Blood Pressure Is The Dependent Variable Because It Is The Outcome Being Measured.
16. A Nurse Measures The Cholesterol Levels Of Patients Before And After Taking A New
Medication. This Data Is An Example Of Which Level Of Measurement?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Cholesterol Levels Are Ratio Data Because They Have A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
17. In A Study, The Number Of Patients Who Smoke Is Recorded As "Yes" Or "No." This Is An
Example Of What Type Of Data?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
Page | 6
,• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: "Yes" Or "No" Data Is Nominal Because It Categorizes Participants Without A Meaningful Order.
18. Determine The Level Of Measurement: A Patient Satisfaction Survey Asks Patients To
Rate Their Experience As "Poor," "Fair," "Good," Or "Excellent."
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: B
Rationale: The Survey Responses Are Ordinal Because They Represent A Ranked Order.
19. A Nurse Records The Systolic Blood Pressures Of Patients. What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Systolic Blood Pressure Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
20. In An Experiment, Patients Are Randomly Assigned To Two Groups: One Receiving A New
Treatment And One Receiving A Placebo. This Is An Example Of:
• A. Observational Study
• B. Experimental Study
• C. Case-Control Study
• D. Cross-Sectional Study
Page | 7
,Answer: B
Rationale: This Is An Experimental Study Because Patients Are Assigned To Groups And A Variable
(Treatment) Is Manipulated.
21. A Researcher Asks Patients To State Their Satisfaction With Hospital Services On A Scale From
1 To 10. What Type Of Data Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: B
Rationale: Satisfaction Ratings Are Ordinal Because They Represent Ranked Data.
22. A Study Tracks The Number Of Times Patients Are Readmitted To The Hospital. What Type Of
Variable Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Discrete
• D. Continuous
Answer: C
Rationale: The Number Of Readmissions Is Discrete Because It Represents Countable Whole Numbers.
23. A Researcher Collects Data On The Body Temperature Of Patients. What Level Of Measurement
Is Body Temperature In Fahrenheit?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: C
Page | 8
,Rationale: Body Temperature In Fahrenheit Is Interval Data Because It Has No True Zero But The Differences
Between Values Are Meaningful.
24. A Hospital Administrator Surveys 50 Patients To Estimate The Satisfaction Level Of All Patients
Discharged In A Year. The Survey Results Are An Example Of A:
• A. Parameter
• B. Statistic
Answer: B
Rationale: The Results Are A Statistic Because They Are Based On A Sample Of Patients, Not The
Entire Population.
25. A Nurse Tracks The Time (In Minutes) It Takes For Patients To Receive Medication After A Doctor’s
Order.
What Level Of Measurement Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Time In Minutes Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful
Differences Between Values.
26. In A Study Of Patient Outcomes, Data Is Collected On Whether Patients Survived (Yes/No) After
Surgery. What Type Of Data Is This?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Survival Data Is Nominal Because It Is Categorical With No Inherent Order.
Page | 9
, 27. A Researcher Measures The Blood Glucose Levels Of Patients With Diabetes. What Type Of Data
Is Blood Glucose?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Continuous
• D. Discrete
Answer: C
Rationale: Blood Glucose Is Continuous Data Because It Can Take Any Value Within A Range.
28. A Study Collects Data On The Weight Of Babies Born Prematurely. What Level Of Measurement Is
Weight?
• A. Nominal
• B. Ordinal
• C. Interval
• D. Ratio
Answer: D
Rationale: Weight Is Ratio Data Because It Has A True Zero Point And Meaningful Differences
Between Values.
29. Which Of The Following Is An Example Of Categorical (Qualitative) Data?
• A. Age Of Patients
• B. Blood Pressure Readings
• C. Gender Of Patients
• D. Number Of Doctor
Visits Answer: C
Rationale: Gender Is Categorical Data Because It Represents Categories That Cannot Be Measured
Numerically.
Page | 10
