NSG Exam 4 with Questions and Correct
Answers 2025
loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,when ,someone ,or ,something ,of ,value ,experiences
,change ,or ,is ,no ,longer ,accessible ,resulting ,in ,diminishing ,or ,removing ,of ,its
,value
- ,Actual, ,perceived, ,anticipatory, ,necessary, ,developmental/maturational, ,and
,situational
actual ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-recognizable ,to ,the ,person ,experiencing ,the
,loss, ,as ,well ,as, ,other ,people. ,Ex. ,Death
perceived ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-recognizable ,to ,the ,person ,experiencing
,the ,loss ,but ,not ,to ,others. ,Ex. ,older ,person ,with ,loss ,of ,independence
anticipatory ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-when ,a ,person ,experiences ,a ,reaction
,to ,a ,loss ,that ,has ,not ,occurred ,yet. ,Ex. ,terminal ,news ,(grieve ,a ,loss ,that ,hasnt
,happened ,yet)
necessary ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-related ,to ,changes ,in ,the ,life ,cycle ,that
,can ,be ,anticipated.
developmental/maturational ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-normal ,and ,expected, ,results
,from ,the ,normal ,life ,transitions ,in ,the ,developmental ,process ,of ,life, ,and
,results ,in ,the ,development ,of ,coping ,skills
situational ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-unanticipated ,and ,caused ,by ,an ,external
,event. ,Ex. ,car ,wreck
grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,an ,internal ,emotional ,reaction ,to ,loss ,
- ,types: ,normal/uncomplicated, ,dysfunctional/complicated, ,anticipatory, ,and
,disenfranchised
mourning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-the ,act ,of ,grieving ,and ,expressing ,grief
bereavement ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-a ,state ,of ,grieving ,due ,to ,loss ,of ,a ,loved
,one
,normal/uncomplicated ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,may ,show ,negative
,emotions, ,such ,as ,hopelessness, ,withdrawal, ,anger, ,resentment, ,and ,guilt
- ,over ,time, ,negative ,emotions ,will ,change ,to ,acceptance ,with ,some ,acceptance
,being ,evident ,by ,6 ,months ,following ,the ,loss
- ,may ,demonstrate ,physical ,complaints, ,such ,as ,fatigue, ,change ,in ,sleeping
,patterns, ,chest ,pain, ,palpitations, ,nausea ,and ,headaches
dysfunctional/complicated ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,also ,called ,unresolved
,grief ,
- ,difficult ,progression ,through ,the ,usual ,grief ,stages
- ,usually ,prolonged ,grieving ,
- ,may ,result ,in ,decreased ,self ,esteem, ,intense ,guilt, ,and ,suicidal ,ideation
- ,physical ,complaints ,may ,continue ,for ,an ,extended ,time
anticipatory ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-the ,process ,of ,starting ,to ,"let ,go" ,of
,someone ,or ,something ,before ,the ,loss ,actually ,occurs
disenfranchised ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-grief ,for ,a ,loss ,that ,may ,not ,be
,considered ,socially ,acceptable ,or ,cannot ,be ,shared ,publicly ,(Ex. ,someone
,dying ,from ,overdose, ,do ,not ,want ,to ,share ,due ,to ,societal ,views ,on ,this)
Kübler-Ross' ,Theory ,of ,Grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,denial: ,difficult ,accepting
,the ,reality ,of ,a ,diagnosis, ,death ,or ,loss. ,"I'm ,fine", ,"I ,cant ,believe ,they ,are
,gone"
- ,anger: ,expression ,of ,rage ,and ,hostility. ,Ex. ,blaming ,god ,
- ,bargaining: ,an ,attempt ,to ,negotiate ,for ,a ,cure ,or ,more ,time. ,Ex ,trying ,to
,bargain ,with ,god ,
- ,depression: ,a ,period ,of ,grief
- ,acceptance: ,the ,reality ,of ,the ,diagnosis, ,death, ,or ,loss ,is ,accepted, ,and ,the
,person ,feels ,tranquil ,and ,prepared ,and ,moves ,forward ,to ,prepare ,for ,the ,future
palliative ,care ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,appropriate ,for ,anyone ,with ,a ,chronic
,disease ,or ,illness ,regardless ,of ,disease ,stage
- ,interventions ,focus ,on ,the ,relief ,of ,physical, ,emotional, ,spiritual, ,and
,psychosocial ,aspects ,of ,the ,disease
- ,provided ,by ,an ,interdisciplinary ,team
- ,goal ,is ,to ,aggressively ,manage ,symptoms ,in ,clients ,with ,life-threatening
,illnesses ,to ,provide ,the ,best ,quality ,of ,life ,possible
hospice ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,comprehensive ,care ,provided ,in ,various
,settings, ,often ,the ,home
- ,indicated ,when ,a ,client's ,life ,expectancy ,is ,6 ,months ,or ,less
- ,focus ,of ,treatment ,is ,shifted ,from ,a ,cure ,to ,quality ,of ,life ,and ,support ,for ,the
,client ,as ,they ,approach ,death ,
,- ,indications ,for ,referral ,may ,include: ,comorbidities, ,poor ,performance ,status,
,poor ,nutrition, ,declining ,cognition, ,previous ,hospital ,admissions, ,pressure
,injuries, ,and ,advanced ,age
advance ,care ,planning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-planning ,for ,care ,in ,the ,future ,at
,times ,when ,the ,client ,is ,unable ,to ,make ,his/her ,own ,decisions
advance ,directives ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-legal ,documents ,giving ,direction ,for
,situations ,at ,end ,of ,life
health ,care ,proxy ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-also ,called ,a ,durable ,power ,of ,attorney
,for ,healthcare; ,appoints ,a ,medical ,decision ,maker ,for ,times ,when ,the ,client ,is
,unable ,to ,make ,his/her ,own ,decisions
living ,will ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-gives ,the ,client's ,wishes ,for ,medical ,treatment
POLST ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,physician's ,orders ,for ,life ,sustaining ,treatment
- ,document ,with ,medical ,orders ,indicating ,patient ,wishes ,regarding ,commonly
,used ,treatments ,in ,medical ,crises
health ,care ,surrogate ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,medical ,decision ,maker ,not
,chosen ,by ,the ,patient ,(MPOA ,or ,durable ,power ,of ,attorney ,for ,healthcare ,are
,chosen ,by ,the ,pt ,has ,decision ,making ,capacity)
- ,designated ,by ,hospital ,social ,worker ,when ,a ,patient ,is ,unable ,to ,make ,his/her
,own ,decisions ,and ,a ,previously ,completed ,medical ,power ,of ,attorney
,document ,is ,not ,available ,
- ,signed ,by ,a ,healthcare ,provider
- ,form ,follows ,the ,law ,and ,attempts ,to ,name ,the ,person ,who ,is ,closest ,to ,the
,pt ,and ,knows ,the ,pt's ,wishes ,the ,best ,as ,their ,medical ,decision ,maker
- ,forms ,vary ,by ,facility
do ,not ,resuscitate ,(DNR) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,may ,be ,called ,No ,Code, ,No
,CPR, ,or ,Allow ,Natural ,Death ,(AND)
Comfort ,Measures ,Only ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,goal ,of ,treatment ,is ,allowing
,the ,patient ,to ,die ,in ,a ,comfortable ,and ,dignified ,way ,as ,there ,is ,no ,longer ,an
,indication ,for ,further ,life-sustaining ,treatment
- ,these ,DO ,NOT ,mean ,"do ,nothing" ,and ,should ,not ,be ,presented ,to ,patients
,and ,families ,as ,such. ,It ,is ,a ,transition ,from ,aggressive ,curative ,treatment ,to
,aggressive ,sx ,management
end ,of ,life ,care ,orders ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,DNR, ,DNI, ,Comfort ,Measures
,Only, ,terminal ,weaning
- ,orders ,not ,to ,use ,certain ,other ,life-sustaining ,treatments ,may ,also ,be ,present
,based ,on ,healthcare ,provider ,discussion ,with ,the ,client ,regarding ,their ,wishes,
, ,such ,as ,ventilator ,support, ,dialysis, ,artificial ,hydration ,and ,nutrition, ,blood
,transfusions, ,medications- ,such ,as ,antibiotics ,and/or ,surgery
terminal ,weaning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-mechanical ,ventilation ,is ,gradually
,withdrawn ,from ,a ,client ,with ,a ,terminal ,illness ,or ,condition ,that ,is ,not
,reversible ,and ,a ,poor ,prognosis
pain ,management ,at ,the ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,pain ,meds ,often
,opioids ,such ,as ,morphine
- ,repositioning
- ,hygiene ,care
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,therapeutic ,touch
- ,comfortable ,clothing
- ,comforting ,possessions
dyspnea ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,opioid ,pain ,meds
,such ,as ,morphine ,
- ,positioning ,the ,pt ,in ,semi-fowlers
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,supplemental ,oxygen ,therapy
excess ,oral ,secretion ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,semi-
fowlers ,or ,semi ,prone ,positioning
- ,anticholinergic ,medications
- ,suctioning
nausea/vomiting ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,administer
,anti-emetics
restlessness ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,pain
,medications
- ,anxiolytics
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,therapeutic ,touch
- ,promotion ,of ,decision-making
urinary ,incontinence ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--nearby
,bedpan
- ,absorbant ,pads
- ,hygiene ,care
urinary ,retention ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--
,catheterization
Answers 2025
loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,when ,someone ,or ,something ,of ,value ,experiences
,change ,or ,is ,no ,longer ,accessible ,resulting ,in ,diminishing ,or ,removing ,of ,its
,value
- ,Actual, ,perceived, ,anticipatory, ,necessary, ,developmental/maturational, ,and
,situational
actual ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-recognizable ,to ,the ,person ,experiencing ,the
,loss, ,as ,well ,as, ,other ,people. ,Ex. ,Death
perceived ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-recognizable ,to ,the ,person ,experiencing
,the ,loss ,but ,not ,to ,others. ,Ex. ,older ,person ,with ,loss ,of ,independence
anticipatory ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-when ,a ,person ,experiences ,a ,reaction
,to ,a ,loss ,that ,has ,not ,occurred ,yet. ,Ex. ,terminal ,news ,(grieve ,a ,loss ,that ,hasnt
,happened ,yet)
necessary ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-related ,to ,changes ,in ,the ,life ,cycle ,that
,can ,be ,anticipated.
developmental/maturational ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-normal ,and ,expected, ,results
,from ,the ,normal ,life ,transitions ,in ,the ,developmental ,process ,of ,life, ,and
,results ,in ,the ,development ,of ,coping ,skills
situational ,loss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-unanticipated ,and ,caused ,by ,an ,external
,event. ,Ex. ,car ,wreck
grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,an ,internal ,emotional ,reaction ,to ,loss ,
- ,types: ,normal/uncomplicated, ,dysfunctional/complicated, ,anticipatory, ,and
,disenfranchised
mourning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-the ,act ,of ,grieving ,and ,expressing ,grief
bereavement ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-a ,state ,of ,grieving ,due ,to ,loss ,of ,a ,loved
,one
,normal/uncomplicated ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,may ,show ,negative
,emotions, ,such ,as ,hopelessness, ,withdrawal, ,anger, ,resentment, ,and ,guilt
- ,over ,time, ,negative ,emotions ,will ,change ,to ,acceptance ,with ,some ,acceptance
,being ,evident ,by ,6 ,months ,following ,the ,loss
- ,may ,demonstrate ,physical ,complaints, ,such ,as ,fatigue, ,change ,in ,sleeping
,patterns, ,chest ,pain, ,palpitations, ,nausea ,and ,headaches
dysfunctional/complicated ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,also ,called ,unresolved
,grief ,
- ,difficult ,progression ,through ,the ,usual ,grief ,stages
- ,usually ,prolonged ,grieving ,
- ,may ,result ,in ,decreased ,self ,esteem, ,intense ,guilt, ,and ,suicidal ,ideation
- ,physical ,complaints ,may ,continue ,for ,an ,extended ,time
anticipatory ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-the ,process ,of ,starting ,to ,"let ,go" ,of
,someone ,or ,something ,before ,the ,loss ,actually ,occurs
disenfranchised ,grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-grief ,for ,a ,loss ,that ,may ,not ,be
,considered ,socially ,acceptable ,or ,cannot ,be ,shared ,publicly ,(Ex. ,someone
,dying ,from ,overdose, ,do ,not ,want ,to ,share ,due ,to ,societal ,views ,on ,this)
Kübler-Ross' ,Theory ,of ,Grief ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,denial: ,difficult ,accepting
,the ,reality ,of ,a ,diagnosis, ,death ,or ,loss. ,"I'm ,fine", ,"I ,cant ,believe ,they ,are
,gone"
- ,anger: ,expression ,of ,rage ,and ,hostility. ,Ex. ,blaming ,god ,
- ,bargaining: ,an ,attempt ,to ,negotiate ,for ,a ,cure ,or ,more ,time. ,Ex ,trying ,to
,bargain ,with ,god ,
- ,depression: ,a ,period ,of ,grief
- ,acceptance: ,the ,reality ,of ,the ,diagnosis, ,death, ,or ,loss ,is ,accepted, ,and ,the
,person ,feels ,tranquil ,and ,prepared ,and ,moves ,forward ,to ,prepare ,for ,the ,future
palliative ,care ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,appropriate ,for ,anyone ,with ,a ,chronic
,disease ,or ,illness ,regardless ,of ,disease ,stage
- ,interventions ,focus ,on ,the ,relief ,of ,physical, ,emotional, ,spiritual, ,and
,psychosocial ,aspects ,of ,the ,disease
- ,provided ,by ,an ,interdisciplinary ,team
- ,goal ,is ,to ,aggressively ,manage ,symptoms ,in ,clients ,with ,life-threatening
,illnesses ,to ,provide ,the ,best ,quality ,of ,life ,possible
hospice ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,comprehensive ,care ,provided ,in ,various
,settings, ,often ,the ,home
- ,indicated ,when ,a ,client's ,life ,expectancy ,is ,6 ,months ,or ,less
- ,focus ,of ,treatment ,is ,shifted ,from ,a ,cure ,to ,quality ,of ,life ,and ,support ,for ,the
,client ,as ,they ,approach ,death ,
,- ,indications ,for ,referral ,may ,include: ,comorbidities, ,poor ,performance ,status,
,poor ,nutrition, ,declining ,cognition, ,previous ,hospital ,admissions, ,pressure
,injuries, ,and ,advanced ,age
advance ,care ,planning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-planning ,for ,care ,in ,the ,future ,at
,times ,when ,the ,client ,is ,unable ,to ,make ,his/her ,own ,decisions
advance ,directives ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-legal ,documents ,giving ,direction ,for
,situations ,at ,end ,of ,life
health ,care ,proxy ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-also ,called ,a ,durable ,power ,of ,attorney
,for ,healthcare; ,appoints ,a ,medical ,decision ,maker ,for ,times ,when ,the ,client ,is
,unable ,to ,make ,his/her ,own ,decisions
living ,will ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-gives ,the ,client's ,wishes ,for ,medical ,treatment
POLST ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,physician's ,orders ,for ,life ,sustaining ,treatment
- ,document ,with ,medical ,orders ,indicating ,patient ,wishes ,regarding ,commonly
,used ,treatments ,in ,medical ,crises
health ,care ,surrogate ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,medical ,decision ,maker ,not
,chosen ,by ,the ,patient ,(MPOA ,or ,durable ,power ,of ,attorney ,for ,healthcare ,are
,chosen ,by ,the ,pt ,has ,decision ,making ,capacity)
- ,designated ,by ,hospital ,social ,worker ,when ,a ,patient ,is ,unable ,to ,make ,his/her
,own ,decisions ,and ,a ,previously ,completed ,medical ,power ,of ,attorney
,document ,is ,not ,available ,
- ,signed ,by ,a ,healthcare ,provider
- ,form ,follows ,the ,law ,and ,attempts ,to ,name ,the ,person ,who ,is ,closest ,to ,the
,pt ,and ,knows ,the ,pt's ,wishes ,the ,best ,as ,their ,medical ,decision ,maker
- ,forms ,vary ,by ,facility
do ,not ,resuscitate ,(DNR) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,may ,be ,called ,No ,Code, ,No
,CPR, ,or ,Allow ,Natural ,Death ,(AND)
Comfort ,Measures ,Only ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,goal ,of ,treatment ,is ,allowing
,the ,patient ,to ,die ,in ,a ,comfortable ,and ,dignified ,way ,as ,there ,is ,no ,longer ,an
,indication ,for ,further ,life-sustaining ,treatment
- ,these ,DO ,NOT ,mean ,"do ,nothing" ,and ,should ,not ,be ,presented ,to ,patients
,and ,families ,as ,such. ,It ,is ,a ,transition ,from ,aggressive ,curative ,treatment ,to
,aggressive ,sx ,management
end ,of ,life ,care ,orders ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,DNR, ,DNI, ,Comfort ,Measures
,Only, ,terminal ,weaning
- ,orders ,not ,to ,use ,certain ,other ,life-sustaining ,treatments ,may ,also ,be ,present
,based ,on ,healthcare ,provider ,discussion ,with ,the ,client ,regarding ,their ,wishes,
, ,such ,as ,ventilator ,support, ,dialysis, ,artificial ,hydration ,and ,nutrition, ,blood
,transfusions, ,medications- ,such ,as ,antibiotics ,and/or ,surgery
terminal ,weaning ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-mechanical ,ventilation ,is ,gradually
,withdrawn ,from ,a ,client ,with ,a ,terminal ,illness ,or ,condition ,that ,is ,not
,reversible ,and ,a ,poor ,prognosis
pain ,management ,at ,the ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,pain ,meds ,often
,opioids ,such ,as ,morphine
- ,repositioning
- ,hygiene ,care
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,therapeutic ,touch
- ,comfortable ,clothing
- ,comforting ,possessions
dyspnea ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,opioid ,pain ,meds
,such ,as ,morphine ,
- ,positioning ,the ,pt ,in ,semi-fowlers
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,supplemental ,oxygen ,therapy
excess ,oral ,secretion ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,semi-
fowlers ,or ,semi ,prone ,positioning
- ,anticholinergic ,medications
- ,suctioning
nausea/vomiting ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,administer
,anti-emetics
restlessness ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-- ,pain
,medications
- ,anxiolytics
- ,relaxation ,techniques
- ,therapeutic ,touch
- ,promotion ,of ,decision-making
urinary ,incontinence ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--nearby
,bedpan
- ,absorbant ,pads
- ,hygiene ,care
urinary ,retention ,management ,at ,end ,of ,life ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER--
,catheterization
