Photosynthesis Flashcards Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
Photon - AnswersA packet of light.
Chlorophyll - AnswersThe light-absorbing green-coloured pigment that begins the process of
photosynthesis.
Chloroplast - AnswersA membrane-bound organelle in green plant and algal cells that carries out
photosynthesis.
Stroma - AnswersThe protein-rich semiliquid material in the interior of a chloroplast.
Thylakoid - AnswersA disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast.
Grana - AnswersStacks of tylakoids.
Lamellae - AnswersGroups of unstacked thylakoids between grana.
Thylakoid Membrane - AnswersThe photosynthetic membrane within a chloroplast that contains light
gathering pigment molecules and electron transport chains.
Thylakoid Lumen - AnswersA fluid-filled interior space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane.
ATP - AnswersA molecule containing three high energy phosphate bonds that acts as the primary
energy-transferring molecule in a living organism.
ADP - AnswersA molecule containing two high-energy phosphate bonds that may be formed by breaking
one of the phosphate bonds in ATP.
NADP+ - AnswersA compound that accepts one hydrogen atom and two electrons forming NADPH; it is
an electron acceptor.
NADPH - AnswersA compound that donates one hydrogen aton and two electrons to another molecule,
to reform NADP+; it is an electron donor.
Light-dependent reactions - Answersreactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce
ATP and NADPH
Carbon Fixation - AnswersThe process of incorporation CO2 into carbohydrate molecules.
Calvin Cycle - AnswersA cyclic set of reactions occurring in the stroma of chloroplasts that fixes the
carbon of CO2 into carbohydrate molecules and recycles coenzymes.
Light-independent reactions - AnswersThe second set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require
light.
Photosystem - AnswersA cluster of photosynthetic pigments embedded in a thylakoid membrane of a
chloroplast that absorbs light energy.
Photon - AnswersA packet of light.
Chlorophyll - AnswersThe light-absorbing green-coloured pigment that begins the process of
photosynthesis.
Chloroplast - AnswersA membrane-bound organelle in green plant and algal cells that carries out
photosynthesis.
Stroma - AnswersThe protein-rich semiliquid material in the interior of a chloroplast.
Thylakoid - AnswersA disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast.
Grana - AnswersStacks of tylakoids.
Lamellae - AnswersGroups of unstacked thylakoids between grana.
Thylakoid Membrane - AnswersThe photosynthetic membrane within a chloroplast that contains light
gathering pigment molecules and electron transport chains.
Thylakoid Lumen - AnswersA fluid-filled interior space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane.
ATP - AnswersA molecule containing three high energy phosphate bonds that acts as the primary
energy-transferring molecule in a living organism.
ADP - AnswersA molecule containing two high-energy phosphate bonds that may be formed by breaking
one of the phosphate bonds in ATP.
NADP+ - AnswersA compound that accepts one hydrogen atom and two electrons forming NADPH; it is
an electron acceptor.
NADPH - AnswersA compound that donates one hydrogen aton and two electrons to another molecule,
to reform NADP+; it is an electron donor.
Light-dependent reactions - Answersreactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce
ATP and NADPH
Carbon Fixation - AnswersThe process of incorporation CO2 into carbohydrate molecules.
Calvin Cycle - AnswersA cyclic set of reactions occurring in the stroma of chloroplasts that fixes the
carbon of CO2 into carbohydrate molecules and recycles coenzymes.
Light-independent reactions - AnswersThe second set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require
light.
Photosystem - AnswersA cluster of photosynthetic pigments embedded in a thylakoid membrane of a
chloroplast that absorbs light energy.
