PRN Exam 2 Study Guide Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
Vitamin A Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Chicken
livers, sweet potato with skin, Carrots, Spinach, Pumpkin
Deficiency: Night blindness, exophthalmia, susceptibility to epithelial infection, dry
skin, impaired immunity, grown and reproduction
Vitamin D Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Tuna fish,
whole or fortified milk, fortified soy milk, and fortified cereal
Deficiency: Rickets (softening and weakening of bones in children) osteomalacia
(occurs in children and adults) osteoporosis (risk of broken bones)
Vitamin K Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Green leafy
vegetables, tuna fish and tomato sauce
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,Deficiency: Hemorrhagic disease, bleeding problems in newborns, defective blood
clotting, easy bruising
Phosphorus Food source/Benefits - --Answer --Food source: Milk, cheese,
meat, egg yolk, whole grains, legumes and nuts
Benefits: Component of bones and teeth, absorption of glucose, manage how the
body stores and uses energy and reduces muscle pain after exercise
Clients at risk for dehydration? - --Answer --Infant/Chlindren (most likely
to develop diahrrea and vomiting)
Older adults
People with chronic illnesses
People who work or exercise outside
Fluid overload/Disease that could lead to this? - --Answer --Fluid overload:
a.k.a Hypervolemia (too much fluid in the blood)
Signs: swelling in the legs, arms, skin noticeable, fluid in abdomen
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, Disease: Cardiovascular (HF/heart failure), Nephrotic syndrome and liver damage
to kidney failure
BMI (body mass index)/Ranges: - --Answer --BMI: a measure of height and
weight
Formula: weight(lb)/height(in)2 times 703
Ranges: Adults is 18.5-24.9 (normal/healthy)
If below 18.5 (underweight)
25-29.9 (overweight)
30-39.9 (obese)
Basal Metabolic Rate: - --Answer --The amount of energy needed to
maintain the body at rest and how many calories you would burn if you were to do
nothing but rest for 24 hours
Dietary Guidelines for Americans: - --Answer --1. Healthy eating patterns,
appropriate calorie level to maintain body weight, adequacy of nutrients, reduce
risks of chronic disease
2. Focus on variety, nutrient density, recommended amount
3. Limit calie, suggar intake, saturated fats and sodium intake
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
Questions and Answers
Vitamin A Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Chicken
livers, sweet potato with skin, Carrots, Spinach, Pumpkin
Deficiency: Night blindness, exophthalmia, susceptibility to epithelial infection, dry
skin, impaired immunity, grown and reproduction
Vitamin D Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Tuna fish,
whole or fortified milk, fortified soy milk, and fortified cereal
Deficiency: Rickets (softening and weakening of bones in children) osteomalacia
(occurs in children and adults) osteoporosis (risk of broken bones)
Vitamin K Food source/Deficiency - --Answer --Food source: Green leafy
vegetables, tuna fish and tomato sauce
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,Deficiency: Hemorrhagic disease, bleeding problems in newborns, defective blood
clotting, easy bruising
Phosphorus Food source/Benefits - --Answer --Food source: Milk, cheese,
meat, egg yolk, whole grains, legumes and nuts
Benefits: Component of bones and teeth, absorption of glucose, manage how the
body stores and uses energy and reduces muscle pain after exercise
Clients at risk for dehydration? - --Answer --Infant/Chlindren (most likely
to develop diahrrea and vomiting)
Older adults
People with chronic illnesses
People who work or exercise outside
Fluid overload/Disease that could lead to this? - --Answer --Fluid overload:
a.k.a Hypervolemia (too much fluid in the blood)
Signs: swelling in the legs, arms, skin noticeable, fluid in abdomen
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, Disease: Cardiovascular (HF/heart failure), Nephrotic syndrome and liver damage
to kidney failure
BMI (body mass index)/Ranges: - --Answer --BMI: a measure of height and
weight
Formula: weight(lb)/height(in)2 times 703
Ranges: Adults is 18.5-24.9 (normal/healthy)
If below 18.5 (underweight)
25-29.9 (overweight)
30-39.9 (obese)
Basal Metabolic Rate: - --Answer --The amount of energy needed to
maintain the body at rest and how many calories you would burn if you were to do
nothing but rest for 24 hours
Dietary Guidelines for Americans: - --Answer --1. Healthy eating patterns,
appropriate calorie level to maintain body weight, adequacy of nutrients, reduce
risks of chronic disease
2. Focus on variety, nutrient density, recommended amount
3. Limit calie, suggar intake, saturated fats and sodium intake
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
