allowed to infringe on the legal protections afforded to LGBTQ+ individuals.The ongoing
legal struggle for LGBTQ+ rights is influenced by the cultural context of each country or
region. While some countries have made significant strides toward equality, others still
criminalize LGBTQ+ behavior or deny fundamental rights.### 14. **Ethical and Legal
Issues in Intellectual Property**Intellectual property (IP) law is designed to protect
creators' rights over their inventions, works of art, or trademarks, but it also raises several
ethical and legal issues, especially in the context of access to knowledge, innovation, and
cultural ownership.#### 14.1 **Patent Law and Access to Medicine**One of the most
significant ethical issues in IP law concerns patents on life-saving medications.
Pharmaceutical companies often patent their
Test Bank for
Lowdermilk's Maternity & Women’s Health Care 12th Edition Comprehensive NCLEX
Style Questions
Chapter 01: 21st Century Maternity and Women’s Health Nursing
Lowdermilk: Maternity & Women’s Health Care, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In evaluating the level of a pregnant woman’s risk of having a low-birth-weight (LBW)
infant, which factor is the most important for the nurse to consider?
a. African-American race
b. Cigarette smoking
c. Poor nutritional status
d. Limited maternal education
ANS: A
The rise in the overall LBW rates were due to increases in LBW births to non-Hispanic
black women (13.35%) and Hispanic women (7.21%); non-Hispanic black infants are
almost twice as likely as non-Hispanic white infants to be of LBW and to die in the first
year of life.. Race is a nonmodifiable risk factor. Cigarette smoking is an important factor in
potential infant mortality rates, but it is not the most important. Additionally, smoking is a
modifiable risk factor. Poor nutrition is an important factor in potential infant mortality
rates, but it is not the most important. Additionally, nutritional status is a modifiable risk
factor. Maternal education is an important factor in potential infant mortality rates, but it is
not the most important. Additionally, maternal education is a modifiable risk factor.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: HealtN
hUPR mI
roS ioG
otN nTanBd.M
CaOinMtenance, Antepartum Care
2. A 23-year-old African-American woman is pregnant with her first child. Based on current
statistics for infant mortality, which intervention is most important for the nurse to include
in the client’s plan of care?
a. Perform a nutrition assessment.
b. Refer the woman to a social worker.
c. Advise the woman to see an obstetrician, not a midwife.
d. Explain to the woman the importance of keeping her prenatal care appointments.
ANS: D
, Consistent prenatal care is the best method of preventing or controlling risk factors
associated with infant mortality. Nutritional status is an important modifiable risk factor, but
it is not the most important action a nurse should take in this situation. The client may need
assistance from a social worker at some time during her pregnancy, but a referral to a social
worker is not the most important aspect the nurse should address at this time. If the woman
has identifiable high-risk problems, then her health care may need to be provided by a
physician. However, it cannot be assumed that all African-American women have high-risk
issues. In addition, advising the woman to see an obstetrician is not the most important
aspect on which the nurse should focus at this time, and it is not appropriate for a nurse to
advise or manage the type of care a client is to receive.
allowed to infringe on the legal protections afforded to LGBTQ+ individuals.The ongoing legal struggle for
LGBTQ+ rights is influenced by the cultural context of each country or region. While some countries have
made significant strides toward equality, others still criminalize LGBTQ+ behavior or deny fundamental
rights.### 14. **Ethical and Legal Issues in Intellectual Property**Intellectual property (IP) law is designed
to protect creators' rights over their inventions, works of art, or trademarks, but it also raises several ethical
and legal issues, especially in the context of access to knowledge, innovation, and cultural ownership.####
14.1 **Patent Law and Access to Medicine**One of the most significant ethical issues in IP law concerns
patents on life-saving medications. Pharmaceutical companies often patent their
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. During a prenatal intake interview, the nurse is in the process of obtaining an initial
assessment of a 21-year-old Hispanic client with limited English proficiency. Which
intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement?
a. Use maternity jargon to enable the client to become familiar with these terms.
b. Speak quickly and efficiently to expedite the visit.
c. Provide the client with handouts.
d. Assess whether the client understands the discussion.
ANS: D
Nurses contribute to health literacy by using simple, common words, avoiding jargon, and
evaluating whether the client understands the discussion. Speaking slowly and clearly and
focusing on what is important will increase understanding. Most client education materials
are written at a level too high for the average adult and may not be useful for a client with
limited English proficiency.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nurses working at a newly established birthing center have begun to compare their
performance in providing maternal-newborn care against clinical standards. This
comparison process is most commonly known as what?
a. Best practices network
b. Clinical benchmarking
c. Outcomes-oriented pracNtice
d. Evidence-based practice
ANS: C
Outcomes-oriented practice measures the effectiveness of the interventions and quality of
care against benchmarks or standards. The term best practice refers to a program or service
that has been recognized for its excellence. Clinical benchmarking is a process used to
compare one’s own performance against the performance of the best in an area of service.
legal struggle for LGBTQ+ rights is influenced by the cultural context of each country or
region. While some countries have made significant strides toward equality, others still
criminalize LGBTQ+ behavior or deny fundamental rights.### 14. **Ethical and Legal
Issues in Intellectual Property**Intellectual property (IP) law is designed to protect
creators' rights over their inventions, works of art, or trademarks, but it also raises several
ethical and legal issues, especially in the context of access to knowledge, innovation, and
cultural ownership.#### 14.1 **Patent Law and Access to Medicine**One of the most
significant ethical issues in IP law concerns patents on life-saving medications.
Pharmaceutical companies often patent their
Test Bank for
Lowdermilk's Maternity & Women’s Health Care 12th Edition Comprehensive NCLEX
Style Questions
Chapter 01: 21st Century Maternity and Women’s Health Nursing
Lowdermilk: Maternity & Women’s Health Care, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In evaluating the level of a pregnant woman’s risk of having a low-birth-weight (LBW)
infant, which factor is the most important for the nurse to consider?
a. African-American race
b. Cigarette smoking
c. Poor nutritional status
d. Limited maternal education
ANS: A
The rise in the overall LBW rates were due to increases in LBW births to non-Hispanic
black women (13.35%) and Hispanic women (7.21%); non-Hispanic black infants are
almost twice as likely as non-Hispanic white infants to be of LBW and to die in the first
year of life.. Race is a nonmodifiable risk factor. Cigarette smoking is an important factor in
potential infant mortality rates, but it is not the most important. Additionally, smoking is a
modifiable risk factor. Poor nutrition is an important factor in potential infant mortality
rates, but it is not the most important. Additionally, nutritional status is a modifiable risk
factor. Maternal education is an important factor in potential infant mortality rates, but it is
not the most important. Additionally, maternal education is a modifiable risk factor.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: HealtN
hUPR mI
roS ioG
otN nTanBd.M
CaOinMtenance, Antepartum Care
2. A 23-year-old African-American woman is pregnant with her first child. Based on current
statistics for infant mortality, which intervention is most important for the nurse to include
in the client’s plan of care?
a. Perform a nutrition assessment.
b. Refer the woman to a social worker.
c. Advise the woman to see an obstetrician, not a midwife.
d. Explain to the woman the importance of keeping her prenatal care appointments.
ANS: D
, Consistent prenatal care is the best method of preventing or controlling risk factors
associated with infant mortality. Nutritional status is an important modifiable risk factor, but
it is not the most important action a nurse should take in this situation. The client may need
assistance from a social worker at some time during her pregnancy, but a referral to a social
worker is not the most important aspect the nurse should address at this time. If the woman
has identifiable high-risk problems, then her health care may need to be provided by a
physician. However, it cannot be assumed that all African-American women have high-risk
issues. In addition, advising the woman to see an obstetrician is not the most important
aspect on which the nurse should focus at this time, and it is not appropriate for a nurse to
advise or manage the type of care a client is to receive.
allowed to infringe on the legal protections afforded to LGBTQ+ individuals.The ongoing legal struggle for
LGBTQ+ rights is influenced by the cultural context of each country or region. While some countries have
made significant strides toward equality, others still criminalize LGBTQ+ behavior or deny fundamental
rights.### 14. **Ethical and Legal Issues in Intellectual Property**Intellectual property (IP) law is designed
to protect creators' rights over their inventions, works of art, or trademarks, but it also raises several ethical
and legal issues, especially in the context of access to knowledge, innovation, and cultural ownership.####
14.1 **Patent Law and Access to Medicine**One of the most significant ethical issues in IP law concerns
patents on life-saving medications. Pharmaceutical companies often patent their
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. During a prenatal intake interview, the nurse is in the process of obtaining an initial
assessment of a 21-year-old Hispanic client with limited English proficiency. Which
intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement?
a. Use maternity jargon to enable the client to become familiar with these terms.
b. Speak quickly and efficiently to expedite the visit.
c. Provide the client with handouts.
d. Assess whether the client understands the discussion.
ANS: D
Nurses contribute to health literacy by using simple, common words, avoiding jargon, and
evaluating whether the client understands the discussion. Speaking slowly and clearly and
focusing on what is important will increase understanding. Most client education materials
are written at a level too high for the average adult and may not be useful for a client with
limited English proficiency.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The nurses working at a newly established birthing center have begun to compare their
performance in providing maternal-newborn care against clinical standards. This
comparison process is most commonly known as what?
a. Best practices network
b. Clinical benchmarking
c. Outcomes-oriented pracNtice
d. Evidence-based practice
ANS: C
Outcomes-oriented practice measures the effectiveness of the interventions and quality of
care against benchmarks or standards. The term best practice refers to a program or service
that has been recognized for its excellence. Clinical benchmarking is a process used to
compare one’s own performance against the performance of the best in an area of service.
