HESI Pharmacology Exam (2025) comprehensive
questions and verified answers) ACTUAL EXAM
2025 TEST!! REAL EXAM AGRADE
Format: Multiple Choice
Answers are bolded
1. A client is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for heart failure. What lab value
should the nurse monitor closely?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Platelets
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. Hypokalemia
is a common side effect.
2. Which of the following medications is classified as a beta-blocker?
A. Enalapril
B. Furosemide
C. Metoprolol
D. Amlodipine
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta1-selective blocker used in hypertension and heart
failure.
3. A client is taking warfarin (Coumadin). Which of the following should the
nurse teach the client to avoid?
,A. Bananas
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Oranges
D. Milk
Rationale: Green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K, which reduces the
effectiveness of warfarin.
4. A nurse prepares to administer digoxin. Which finding is most concerning?
A. HR = 90 bpm
B. RR = 18
C. BP = 110/60
D. HR = 52 bpm
Rationale: Digoxin slows the heart rate. Hold the dose if HR is less than 60 bpm.
5. What is a serious side effect of gentamicin therapy?
A. Constipation
B. Rash
C. Ototoxicity
D. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic associated with ototoxicity
and nephrotoxicity.
6. Which lab should be monitored for a client on lisinopril?
A. Potassium
B. BUN
C. Hemoglobin
D. Glucose
Rationale: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril can increase serum potassium levels.
, 7. A nurse is educating a patient on the use of albuterol (ProAir). Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. "I will use this daily to prevent attacks."
B. "I will use this for acute asthma attacks."
C. "I will take it before bed to prevent wheezing."
D. "I will use it if my maintenance inhaler doesn’t work."
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist for immediate asthma
symptom relief.
8. Phenytoin (Dilantin) may cause which oral complication?
A. Dry mouth
B. Gingival hyperplasia
C. Oral thrush
D. Ulceration
Rationale: Gingival hyperplasia is a known side effect of long-term phenytoin use.
9. Which of the following is an antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Flumazenil
C. Naloxone
D. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Naloxone is the opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced
respiratory depression.
10. Which adverse effect should be reported immediately for a client taking
haloperidol?
A. Sedation
B. Muscle rigidity and high fever
questions and verified answers) ACTUAL EXAM
2025 TEST!! REAL EXAM AGRADE
Format: Multiple Choice
Answers are bolded
1. A client is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for heart failure. What lab value
should the nurse monitor closely?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Platelets
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. Hypokalemia
is a common side effect.
2. Which of the following medications is classified as a beta-blocker?
A. Enalapril
B. Furosemide
C. Metoprolol
D. Amlodipine
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta1-selective blocker used in hypertension and heart
failure.
3. A client is taking warfarin (Coumadin). Which of the following should the
nurse teach the client to avoid?
,A. Bananas
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Oranges
D. Milk
Rationale: Green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K, which reduces the
effectiveness of warfarin.
4. A nurse prepares to administer digoxin. Which finding is most concerning?
A. HR = 90 bpm
B. RR = 18
C. BP = 110/60
D. HR = 52 bpm
Rationale: Digoxin slows the heart rate. Hold the dose if HR is less than 60 bpm.
5. What is a serious side effect of gentamicin therapy?
A. Constipation
B. Rash
C. Ototoxicity
D. Hyperglycemia
Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic associated with ototoxicity
and nephrotoxicity.
6. Which lab should be monitored for a client on lisinopril?
A. Potassium
B. BUN
C. Hemoglobin
D. Glucose
Rationale: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril can increase serum potassium levels.
, 7. A nurse is educating a patient on the use of albuterol (ProAir). Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. "I will use this daily to prevent attacks."
B. "I will use this for acute asthma attacks."
C. "I will take it before bed to prevent wheezing."
D. "I will use it if my maintenance inhaler doesn’t work."
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist for immediate asthma
symptom relief.
8. Phenytoin (Dilantin) may cause which oral complication?
A. Dry mouth
B. Gingival hyperplasia
C. Oral thrush
D. Ulceration
Rationale: Gingival hyperplasia is a known side effect of long-term phenytoin use.
9. Which of the following is an antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Flumazenil
C. Naloxone
D. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Naloxone is the opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced
respiratory depression.
10. Which adverse effect should be reported immediately for a client taking
haloperidol?
A. Sedation
B. Muscle rigidity and high fever
