,TESTBANK for Biological Psychology , 14th Edition
James W. Kalat
Notes
1- All Chapters are step by step.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
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5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
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,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
1. What was the profound question posed by Gottfried Leibniz?
a. What is the nature of matter and energy?
b. Where do we go when we die?
c. How can people learn to live together?
d. Why is there something instead of nothing?
ANSWER: d
2. What is meant by the mind–body problem?
a. Where in the body is the mind located?
b. Why are certain types of brain activity conscious?
c. What happens during an out-of-body experience?
d. Do you mind what I do with your body?
ANSWER: b
3. What is biological psychology’s point of view?
a. The only effective way to treat psychological problems is through medications.
b. Evolution steadily makes us better and smarter.
c. We behave as we do because of evolved brain mechanisms.
d. Mind and brain are fundamentally separate entities.
ANSWER: c
4. When you touch something, where does the conscious perception occur?
a. In your hand
b. In your brain
c. Between your hand and your brain
d. In both your hand and your brain
ANSWER: b
5. What happens when you see something?
a. You send sight rays out of your eyes.
b. Light rays cause a response in your brain.
c. You send out sight rays that bounce back to your eyes.
d. Light rays cause your eyes to send out sight rays.
ANSWER: b
6. What does monism mean?
a. Both heredity and environment contribute to differences in behavior.
b. Both hemispheres of the brain contribute to mental experience.
c. You can think about only one thing at a time.
d. Brain activity and mental experience are the same thing.
ANSWER: d
7. What is the opposite of dualism?
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
a. Vegetarianism
b. Pacifism
c. Monism
d. Solipsism
ANSWER: c
8. Mental activity and certain types of brain activity are, so far as we can tell, inseparable. This statement
is consistent with _____.
a. Leibnitzism
b. Descartism
c. dualism
d. monism
ANSWER: d
9. Your textbook lists which of these as one of the three points you should remember forever?
a. Glutamate and GABA are the most abundant transmitters in the brain.
b. The difference between human brains and other brains is mainly one of size.
c. Mental activity and brain activity are inseparable.
d. Ethical restraints put limits on what we can learn about the human brain.
ANSWER: c
10. Your textbook lists which of these as one of the three points you should remember forever?
a. People differ in their sensations and behaviors because of brain differences.
b. The transmission of an action potential depends on movements of sodium and potassium.
c. The human brain is fundamentally different from that of all other species.
d. Scientists agree that they will never understand the brain fully.
ANSWER: a
11. Which of these is NOT one of the types of explanation that biological psychologists use?
a. The intention behind the behavior
b. The brain mechanisms of the behavior
c. How the behavior developed
d. How the behavior evolved
ANSWER: a
12. What does a “functional” explanation of a behavior state?
a. Why something evolved as it did
b. How something develops during early life
c. What intention someone has when doing something
d. What brain chemistry produced an action
ANSWER: a
13. Moths fly away from a bat call because it triggers a reflex that turns the body. What type of
explanation is this?
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
14. Moths turn away from anything they hear because that behavior enhances the chance of survival.
What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: d
15. A bird sings because testosterone has caused one part of its brain to grow. What type of explanation is
this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
16. A bird sings a particular song because it heard it during a sensitive period early in life. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: b
17. Two bird species sing similar songs because they had a recent ancestor in common. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: c
18. A male bird sings because the song attracts females and warns other males away. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
ANSWER: d
19. What are the four categories of biological explanations?
a. Cortical, subcortical, spinal, and peripheral
b. Electrical, chemical, mechanical, and intentional
c. Excitatory, inhibitory, compensatory, and combinational
d. Physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional
ANSWER: d
20. What does an ontogenetic explanation emphasize?
a. Intention
b. Development
c. Culture
d. Mechanism
ANSWER: b
21. Explaining behavior by how the nervous system matures is what type of explanation?
a. Dualistic
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: b
22. How does an evolutionary explanation of behavior differ from a functional explanation?
a. An evolutionary explanation predicts how the behavior will change in the future.
b. An evolutionary explanation relates a behavior to the maturation of the nervous system.
c. An evolutionary explanation explains why a behavior is advantageous.
d. An evolutionary explanation traces a behavior to ancestral species.
ANSWER: d
23. A human infant grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand because of a reflex controlled by the
spinal cord. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
24. A human infant grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand, but the reflex fades over time as
inhibition develops. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
ANSWER: b
25. Human infants grasp anything placed in the palm of the hand because humans inherited this response
from monkey-like ancestors. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: c
26. An infant monkey grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand because this response enables it to
cling to its mother. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: d
27. What education is usually necessary for someone to direct a research laboratory?
a. A high school degree
b. An undergraduate major in a scientific field
c. A master’s degree
d. A doctorate degree
ANSWER: d
28. Of the following, which is the most likely to conduct tests to determine the abilities and disabilities of
people with brain damage?
a. Counseling psychologist
b. Neurochemist
c. Comparative psychologist
d. Neuropsychologist
ANSWER: d
29. What does a comparative psychologist compare?
a. Theories
b. Animal species
c. Brain areas
d. Neurotransmitters
ANSWER: b
30. What is one reason for doing research on laboratory animals instead of humans?
a. Research on animals enables us to predict how they will evolve.
b. More research grants are available for laboratory research than for human research.
c. Some mechanisms are easier to understand in another species.
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Ethical restraints do not apply to laboratory research.
ANSWER: c
31. What do “minimalists” say about animal research?
a. Only minimal restraints should apply to animal research.
b. Only government researchers should be allowed to do animal research.
c. Only medical researchers should be allowed to do animal research.
d. Only certain types of animal research should be acceptable.
ANSWER: d
32. What do “abolitionists” say about animal research?
a. Only certain types of animal research should be acceptable.
b. So little animal research happens today that it is not worth worrying about.
c. Animals have the same rights as humans.
d. All laws and regulations about laboratory research should be abolished.
ANSWER: d
33. What are “the three Rs” that apply to animal research?
a. Receive, replace, reuse
b. Remember, recover, reform
c. Rebuke, reverse, refuse
d. Reduction, replacement, refinement
ANSWER: d
34. In the United States, who decides whether a proposal for animal research is acceptable?
a. The experimenters themselves
b. The experimenters’ department chairperson
c. An Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
d. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
ANSWER: c
35. Sometimes a patient is invited to participate in a research study in which investigators will record
from brain cells while the skull is open for brain surgery. What is the main ethical problem here?
a. The pain the recordings will cause
b. Being sure the informed consent is truly voluntary
c. The probable damage to the cells being recorded
d. The difficulty of comparing results with other investigators
ANSWER: b
36. Most research on the human brain has used a nonrepresentative sample of people, such as just men, or
just white Americans. This type of sample poses the biggest problem for research on what topic?
a. Brain anatomy
b. Evolution of synaptic mechanisms
c. Effects of drugs
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,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Mechanisms of sensory organs
ANSWER: c
37. About how many neurons are in the human brain, and how variable is it?
a. 86 million, and the number varies only slightly among individuals
b. 86 million, and people vary in their neuron number more than they do in height
c. 86 billion, and the number varies only slightly among individuals
d. 86 billion, and people vary in their neuron number more than they do in height
ANSWER: d
38. Santiago Ramón y Cajal was famous for which of the following discoveries?
a. Transmission at the synapses depends on chemicals.
b. Mental illness has a biological basis.
c. Genetic differences influence behavioral development.
d. The brain is composed of cells.
ANSWER: d
39. Who first demonstrated that the brain is composed of individual cells?
a. Charles Scott Sherrington
b. Santiago Ramón y Cajal
c. Otto Loewi
d. Camillo Golgi
ANSWER: b
40. Why were biologists of the 1800s uncertain about whether the brain consisted of separate cells?
a. Microscopes at that time were too expensive for biologists to use.
b. Most scientists at the time believed in mind–body dualism.
c. Most scientists at the time thought synaptic transmission was electrical.
d. Neurons do not look like the body’s other cells.
ANSWER: d
41. What was unique about the time when Golgi and Cajal shared the Nobel Prize?
a. Each one delivered the other one’s acceptance speech.
b. They combined their acceptance speeches into a single address.
c. They both gave their acceptance speeches in Latin.
d. Their acceptance speeches contradicted each other.
ANSWER: d
42. What type of structures allow controlled entry of important chemicals through the plasma membrane
of neurons?
a. Lipid channels
b. Protein channels
c. Lipid receptors
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, Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Protein receptors
ANSWER: b
43. Which structure in a cell performs metabolism to provide energy?
a. Membrane
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleus
d. Mitochondrion
ANSWER: d
44. Which part of a neuron has chromosomes?
a. The synapse
b. The cell body
c. The axon
d. The dendrites
ANSWER: b
45. What function do mitochondria perform?
a. Metabolism
b. Protein synthesis
c. Blood–brain barrier
d. Protection of the chromosomes
ANSWER: a
46. Which cell structure has its own genes, separate from those in the nucleus?
a. Ribosome
b. Mitochondrion
c. Membrane
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER: b
47. In which of these ways do mitochondria differ from the rest of the body?
a. Mitochondria are inherited by RNA instead of DNA.
b. Mitochondria are products of digestion instead of inheritance.
c. You inherit mitochondria from your mother.
d. You inherit mitochondria from your father.
ANSWER: c
48. Which of these would become more likely as a result of decreased mitochondrial activity?
a. Epilepsy
b. Thirst
c. Depression
d. Alcohol abuse
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James W. Kalat
Notes
1- All Chapters are step by step.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many
new editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
1. What was the profound question posed by Gottfried Leibniz?
a. What is the nature of matter and energy?
b. Where do we go when we die?
c. How can people learn to live together?
d. Why is there something instead of nothing?
ANSWER: d
2. What is meant by the mind–body problem?
a. Where in the body is the mind located?
b. Why are certain types of brain activity conscious?
c. What happens during an out-of-body experience?
d. Do you mind what I do with your body?
ANSWER: b
3. What is biological psychology’s point of view?
a. The only effective way to treat psychological problems is through medications.
b. Evolution steadily makes us better and smarter.
c. We behave as we do because of evolved brain mechanisms.
d. Mind and brain are fundamentally separate entities.
ANSWER: c
4. When you touch something, where does the conscious perception occur?
a. In your hand
b. In your brain
c. Between your hand and your brain
d. In both your hand and your brain
ANSWER: b
5. What happens when you see something?
a. You send sight rays out of your eyes.
b. Light rays cause a response in your brain.
c. You send out sight rays that bounce back to your eyes.
d. Light rays cause your eyes to send out sight rays.
ANSWER: b
6. What does monism mean?
a. Both heredity and environment contribute to differences in behavior.
b. Both hemispheres of the brain contribute to mental experience.
c. You can think about only one thing at a time.
d. Brain activity and mental experience are the same thing.
ANSWER: d
7. What is the opposite of dualism?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
a. Vegetarianism
b. Pacifism
c. Monism
d. Solipsism
ANSWER: c
8. Mental activity and certain types of brain activity are, so far as we can tell, inseparable. This statement
is consistent with _____.
a. Leibnitzism
b. Descartism
c. dualism
d. monism
ANSWER: d
9. Your textbook lists which of these as one of the three points you should remember forever?
a. Glutamate and GABA are the most abundant transmitters in the brain.
b. The difference between human brains and other brains is mainly one of size.
c. Mental activity and brain activity are inseparable.
d. Ethical restraints put limits on what we can learn about the human brain.
ANSWER: c
10. Your textbook lists which of these as one of the three points you should remember forever?
a. People differ in their sensations and behaviors because of brain differences.
b. The transmission of an action potential depends on movements of sodium and potassium.
c. The human brain is fundamentally different from that of all other species.
d. Scientists agree that they will never understand the brain fully.
ANSWER: a
11. Which of these is NOT one of the types of explanation that biological psychologists use?
a. The intention behind the behavior
b. The brain mechanisms of the behavior
c. How the behavior developed
d. How the behavior evolved
ANSWER: a
12. What does a “functional” explanation of a behavior state?
a. Why something evolved as it did
b. How something develops during early life
c. What intention someone has when doing something
d. What brain chemistry produced an action
ANSWER: a
13. Moths fly away from a bat call because it triggers a reflex that turns the body. What type of
explanation is this?
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,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
14. Moths turn away from anything they hear because that behavior enhances the chance of survival.
What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: d
15. A bird sings because testosterone has caused one part of its brain to grow. What type of explanation is
this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
16. A bird sings a particular song because it heard it during a sensitive period early in life. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: b
17. Two bird species sing similar songs because they had a recent ancestor in common. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: c
18. A male bird sings because the song attracts females and warns other males away. What type of
explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
ANSWER: d
19. What are the four categories of biological explanations?
a. Cortical, subcortical, spinal, and peripheral
b. Electrical, chemical, mechanical, and intentional
c. Excitatory, inhibitory, compensatory, and combinational
d. Physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional
ANSWER: d
20. What does an ontogenetic explanation emphasize?
a. Intention
b. Development
c. Culture
d. Mechanism
ANSWER: b
21. Explaining behavior by how the nervous system matures is what type of explanation?
a. Dualistic
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: b
22. How does an evolutionary explanation of behavior differ from a functional explanation?
a. An evolutionary explanation predicts how the behavior will change in the future.
b. An evolutionary explanation relates a behavior to the maturation of the nervous system.
c. An evolutionary explanation explains why a behavior is advantageous.
d. An evolutionary explanation traces a behavior to ancestral species.
ANSWER: d
23. A human infant grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand because of a reflex controlled by the
spinal cord. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: a
24. A human infant grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand, but the reflex fades over time as
inhibition develops. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
ANSWER: b
25. Human infants grasp anything placed in the palm of the hand because humans inherited this response
from monkey-like ancestors. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: c
26. An infant monkey grasps anything placed in the palm of the hand because this response enables it to
cling to its mother. What type of explanation is this?
a. Physiological
b. Ontogenetic
c. Evolutionary
d. Functional
ANSWER: d
27. What education is usually necessary for someone to direct a research laboratory?
a. A high school degree
b. An undergraduate major in a scientific field
c. A master’s degree
d. A doctorate degree
ANSWER: d
28. Of the following, which is the most likely to conduct tests to determine the abilities and disabilities of
people with brain damage?
a. Counseling psychologist
b. Neurochemist
c. Comparative psychologist
d. Neuropsychologist
ANSWER: d
29. What does a comparative psychologist compare?
a. Theories
b. Animal species
c. Brain areas
d. Neurotransmitters
ANSWER: b
30. What is one reason for doing research on laboratory animals instead of humans?
a. Research on animals enables us to predict how they will evolve.
b. More research grants are available for laboratory research than for human research.
c. Some mechanisms are easier to understand in another species.
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,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Ethical restraints do not apply to laboratory research.
ANSWER: c
31. What do “minimalists” say about animal research?
a. Only minimal restraints should apply to animal research.
b. Only government researchers should be allowed to do animal research.
c. Only medical researchers should be allowed to do animal research.
d. Only certain types of animal research should be acceptable.
ANSWER: d
32. What do “abolitionists” say about animal research?
a. Only certain types of animal research should be acceptable.
b. So little animal research happens today that it is not worth worrying about.
c. Animals have the same rights as humans.
d. All laws and regulations about laboratory research should be abolished.
ANSWER: d
33. What are “the three Rs” that apply to animal research?
a. Receive, replace, reuse
b. Remember, recover, reform
c. Rebuke, reverse, refuse
d. Reduction, replacement, refinement
ANSWER: d
34. In the United States, who decides whether a proposal for animal research is acceptable?
a. The experimenters themselves
b. The experimenters’ department chairperson
c. An Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
d. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
ANSWER: c
35. Sometimes a patient is invited to participate in a research study in which investigators will record
from brain cells while the skull is open for brain surgery. What is the main ethical problem here?
a. The pain the recordings will cause
b. Being sure the informed consent is truly voluntary
c. The probable damage to the cells being recorded
d. The difficulty of comparing results with other investigators
ANSWER: b
36. Most research on the human brain has used a nonrepresentative sample of people, such as just men, or
just white Americans. This type of sample poses the biggest problem for research on what topic?
a. Brain anatomy
b. Evolution of synaptic mechanisms
c. Effects of drugs
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,Name: Class: Date:
01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Mechanisms of sensory organs
ANSWER: c
37. About how many neurons are in the human brain, and how variable is it?
a. 86 million, and the number varies only slightly among individuals
b. 86 million, and people vary in their neuron number more than they do in height
c. 86 billion, and the number varies only slightly among individuals
d. 86 billion, and people vary in their neuron number more than they do in height
ANSWER: d
38. Santiago Ramón y Cajal was famous for which of the following discoveries?
a. Transmission at the synapses depends on chemicals.
b. Mental illness has a biological basis.
c. Genetic differences influence behavioral development.
d. The brain is composed of cells.
ANSWER: d
39. Who first demonstrated that the brain is composed of individual cells?
a. Charles Scott Sherrington
b. Santiago Ramón y Cajal
c. Otto Loewi
d. Camillo Golgi
ANSWER: b
40. Why were biologists of the 1800s uncertain about whether the brain consisted of separate cells?
a. Microscopes at that time were too expensive for biologists to use.
b. Most scientists at the time believed in mind–body dualism.
c. Most scientists at the time thought synaptic transmission was electrical.
d. Neurons do not look like the body’s other cells.
ANSWER: d
41. What was unique about the time when Golgi and Cajal shared the Nobel Prize?
a. Each one delivered the other one’s acceptance speech.
b. They combined their acceptance speeches into a single address.
c. They both gave their acceptance speeches in Latin.
d. Their acceptance speeches contradicted each other.
ANSWER: d
42. What type of structures allow controlled entry of important chemicals through the plasma membrane
of neurons?
a. Lipid channels
b. Protein channels
c. Lipid receptors
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01 The Cellular Foundations of Behavior
d. Protein receptors
ANSWER: b
43. Which structure in a cell performs metabolism to provide energy?
a. Membrane
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleus
d. Mitochondrion
ANSWER: d
44. Which part of a neuron has chromosomes?
a. The synapse
b. The cell body
c. The axon
d. The dendrites
ANSWER: b
45. What function do mitochondria perform?
a. Metabolism
b. Protein synthesis
c. Blood–brain barrier
d. Protection of the chromosomes
ANSWER: a
46. Which cell structure has its own genes, separate from those in the nucleus?
a. Ribosome
b. Mitochondrion
c. Membrane
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER: b
47. In which of these ways do mitochondria differ from the rest of the body?
a. Mitochondria are inherited by RNA instead of DNA.
b. Mitochondria are products of digestion instead of inheritance.
c. You inherit mitochondria from your mother.
d. You inherit mitochondria from your father.
ANSWER: c
48. Which of these would become more likely as a result of decreased mitochondrial activity?
a. Epilepsy
b. Thirst
c. Depression
d. Alcohol abuse
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