Quiz_________________?
A patient presents to the clinic and asks the nurse about human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection to determine her risk for contracting the disease. What should the nurse ask
the patient?
Select all that apply.
"When was your last menstrual period?"
"Are you currently breastfeeding an infant?"
"Have you ever had unprotected sexual contact?"
"Do you use intravenous drugs and share needles?"
"How many sexual partners do you currently have?" -
Answer✅
"Have you ever had unprotected sexual contact?"
Unprotected sexual contact is a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
"Do you use intravenous drugs and share needles?"
1
, Sharing needles during use of intravenous drugs is a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
"How many sexual partners do you currently have?"
Having multiple sexual partners places an individual at higher risk for contracting HIV
infection.
Rationale for Incorrect:
The nurse need not ask the patient when her last menstrual period was because this is not a
risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
The nurse would ask the patient about breastfeeding if she were HIV positive, but
breastfeeding is not a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with a negative rapid antibody human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test result
asks the nurse why the health care provider scheduled another HIV test in 2 months. What
is the nurse's best response?
"To obtain baseline data before beginning prophylactic antiretroviral therapy."
"The diagnosis of HIV is confirmed after two consecutive test results are positive."
"The rapid antibody HIV test can produce a false-positive result, so it will be repeated."
"There is a period during which the virus is present in the body but not detected in blood
tests." -
Answer✅
"There is a period during which the virus is present in the body but not detected in blood
tests."
The window period is a time frame between infection and seroconversion. The patient has
HIV infection, but antibodies are not detectable by diagnostic tests. Therefore the health
care provider will repeat the HIV test in 2 months.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection begins
receiving antiretroviral therapy. Which finding indicates the patient is having complications
related to the treatment regimen?
2
, Headaches
Weight loss
Shortness of breath
Peripheral neuropathy -
Answer✅
Weight loss
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are major side effects of antiretroviral therapy. These side
effects can lead to wasting syndrome.
Rationale for Incorrect:
Headaches are not a complication of antiretroviral therapy. Headaches are a complication of
some opportunistic infections.
Shortness of breath may be related to Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, but it is not related
to antiretroviral therapy.
Peripheral neuropathy is not a side effect of antiretroviral therapy.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with HIV comes to the health care provider's office for a check-up, and the nurse
notices the patient has lost 10 pounds since the last visit. Which factors should the nurse
assess next?
Select all that apply.
Oral cavity
CD4 T-cell count
Nutritional status
Medication compliance
Gastrointestinal (GI) function
Not Sure -
Answer✅
Oral cavity
3
, It is common for a patient who has HIV infection or AIDS to have oral lesions or thrush. If
the patient is losing weight, the nurse will assess the oral cavity for lesions that may
interfere with maintaining optimal nutrition.
CD4 T-cell count
A change in the CD4 T-cell count indicates disease progression, which may lead to weight
loss in a person with HIV infection.
Nutritional status
The nurse should assess the patient's nutritional status because of the 10-pound weight loss.
Gastrointestinal (GI) function
Patients with HIV infection often have GI issues which can cause changes in weight, so this
factor should be assessed.
Rationale for Incorrect:
The nurse would not assess medication compliance to determine the cause of a patient's
weight loss. The nurse would assess medication compliance if the patient's viral load had
increased.
Quiz_________________?
An infected patient can transmit which disease to another person by direct contact?
Measles
Salmonella
Hepatitis A
Giardiasis -
Answer✅
Measles
Measles can be transmitted from the infected person to another person by direct contact.
Rationale for Incorrect:
4
A patient presents to the clinic and asks the nurse about human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection to determine her risk for contracting the disease. What should the nurse ask
the patient?
Select all that apply.
"When was your last menstrual period?"
"Are you currently breastfeeding an infant?"
"Have you ever had unprotected sexual contact?"
"Do you use intravenous drugs and share needles?"
"How many sexual partners do you currently have?" -
Answer✅
"Have you ever had unprotected sexual contact?"
Unprotected sexual contact is a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
"Do you use intravenous drugs and share needles?"
1
, Sharing needles during use of intravenous drugs is a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
"How many sexual partners do you currently have?"
Having multiple sexual partners places an individual at higher risk for contracting HIV
infection.
Rationale for Incorrect:
The nurse need not ask the patient when her last menstrual period was because this is not a
risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
The nurse would ask the patient about breastfeeding if she were HIV positive, but
breastfeeding is not a risk factor for contracting HIV infection.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with a negative rapid antibody human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test result
asks the nurse why the health care provider scheduled another HIV test in 2 months. What
is the nurse's best response?
"To obtain baseline data before beginning prophylactic antiretroviral therapy."
"The diagnosis of HIV is confirmed after two consecutive test results are positive."
"The rapid antibody HIV test can produce a false-positive result, so it will be repeated."
"There is a period during which the virus is present in the body but not detected in blood
tests." -
Answer✅
"There is a period during which the virus is present in the body but not detected in blood
tests."
The window period is a time frame between infection and seroconversion. The patient has
HIV infection, but antibodies are not detectable by diagnostic tests. Therefore the health
care provider will repeat the HIV test in 2 months.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection begins
receiving antiretroviral therapy. Which finding indicates the patient is having complications
related to the treatment regimen?
2
, Headaches
Weight loss
Shortness of breath
Peripheral neuropathy -
Answer✅
Weight loss
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are major side effects of antiretroviral therapy. These side
effects can lead to wasting syndrome.
Rationale for Incorrect:
Headaches are not a complication of antiretroviral therapy. Headaches are a complication of
some opportunistic infections.
Shortness of breath may be related to Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, but it is not related
to antiretroviral therapy.
Peripheral neuropathy is not a side effect of antiretroviral therapy.
Quiz_________________?
A patient with HIV comes to the health care provider's office for a check-up, and the nurse
notices the patient has lost 10 pounds since the last visit. Which factors should the nurse
assess next?
Select all that apply.
Oral cavity
CD4 T-cell count
Nutritional status
Medication compliance
Gastrointestinal (GI) function
Not Sure -
Answer✅
Oral cavity
3
, It is common for a patient who has HIV infection or AIDS to have oral lesions or thrush. If
the patient is losing weight, the nurse will assess the oral cavity for lesions that may
interfere with maintaining optimal nutrition.
CD4 T-cell count
A change in the CD4 T-cell count indicates disease progression, which may lead to weight
loss in a person with HIV infection.
Nutritional status
The nurse should assess the patient's nutritional status because of the 10-pound weight loss.
Gastrointestinal (GI) function
Patients with HIV infection often have GI issues which can cause changes in weight, so this
factor should be assessed.
Rationale for Incorrect:
The nurse would not assess medication compliance to determine the cause of a patient's
weight loss. The nurse would assess medication compliance if the patient's viral load had
increased.
Quiz_________________?
An infected patient can transmit which disease to another person by direct contact?
Measles
Salmonella
Hepatitis A
Giardiasis -
Answer✅
Measles
Measles can be transmitted from the infected person to another person by direct contact.
Rationale for Incorrect:
4
