ONS Fundamentals of Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Administration QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025

ONS Fundamentals of LATEST
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Administration

Tamoxifen - ANSWERS--estrogen receptor antagonist & receptor
modulator
-HR+ breast CA
-binds to estrogen receptors, alters estrogen genes
-ORAL ONLY
-can increase ovulation (birth control)


Leuprolide - ANSWERS--breast and prostate CA
-block LHRH from hypothalamus, block hormone from anterior
pituitary gland
-Breast=IM q4w ---- Prostate=SC or IM q4-24w
-only FDA approved for prostate


Targeted therapy - ANSWERS--identify/attack specific cancer cells, less
harm to normal
-block action or deliver toxic substances to cancer cell
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, ONS Fundamentals of LATEST
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Administration
-fewer side effects to other treatments


Small molecule inhibitors - ANSWERS--tyrosine kinase inhibitors
(TKIs)
-Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors


Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) - ANSWERS-TK = direct cell growth,
signaling and division
-inhibiting them stops cancer cell growth
-drug-drug interaction - TKIs metabolized by CYP


Imatinib - ANSWERS--TKI
-leukemia
-ORAL ONLY
-monitor GI upset, and weight gain


Lapatinib - ANSWERS--targeted therapy
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, ONS Fundamentals of LATEST
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Administration
-breast CA
-ORAL ONLY
-decreased LVEF, no grapefruit juice


T-Cell (T lymphocyte) - ANSWERS--type of WBC
-part of immune system from stem cells in bone marrow
-protect body from infection, fight CA


B-Cell (B lymphocyte) - ANSWERS--type of WBC that make
antibodies
-part of immune system from stem cells in bone marrow


Natural killer cell - ANSWERS--immune cell with granules (contain
enzymes that kill tumor cells or cells with virus)
-type of WBC




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