ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Artifact - (answer) An echo feature present or absent in a sonographic image that does not correspond
to the presence or absence of a real structure. Eg. enhancement or shadowing.
Attenuation - (answer) The reduction of intensity (and amplitude) of a sound wave as it travels through
a material. Attenuation is due to absorption, reflection, and scattering.
Complex - (answer) A structure in the body that contains both cystic and solid components.
Echogenic - (answer) A structure or medium that produces echoes.
Edge Shadowing - (answer) Decreased echo amplitude distal to the edge of a structure. This artifact
results from refraction of the sound beam.
Enhancement - (answer) Increased echo amplitude returning from regions lying beyond an object that
causes little or no attenuation of the sound beam (typically a cystic structure). This artifact results in a
brighter than normal appearance.
Heterogeneous - (answer) A structure that has an uneven texture (hypoechoic and hyperechoic echoes
throughout). Synonym - non-uniform.
Homogeneous - (answer) Smooth uniform texture
Ipsilateral - (answer) On the same side.
Contrlateral - (answer) On the opposite side.
Isoechoic - (answer) Same echogenicity as another structure or the surrounding tissue.
Noise - (answer) Spurious echoes throughout the image.
,ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Real-time - (answer) The scanning and display of sonographic images at a sufficiently rapid rate so that
moving structures can be seen to move at their natural rate. ***Frame rates of 15 frames per second or
greater are considered real time***
Reverberation - (answer) Artifact causing linear echoes parallel to a strong interface. Sound "bounces"
Ring Down - (answer) Reverb in which numerous parallel echoes are seen for a considerable distance.
E.g. a biopsy needle.
Sensitivity - (answer) The ability to diagnose disease in a patient when disease is present.
Texture - (answer) The pattern of echoes seen from a mass or area of interest in the body.
Refractive Edge Shadowing - (answer) Bending of a sound beam and loss of sound energy causing a
shadow.
Mid level gray corresponds to _____ in the breast. - (answer) Fat
Hyperechoic describes what three structures visualized in breast sonography. - (answer) Fibroglandular
tissue, Cooper's Ligament, Skin
What frequency transducer is optimal for breast imaging? - (answer) 7.0-15.0 MHz is optimal for
superior axial and lateral resolution while maintaining penetration to the chest wall. It should also be
BROADBAND.
Fixed elevation focusing represents.... - (answer) Focusing along the short axis of the transducer.
What design of transducer is used in breast imaging? - (answer) Linear array is optimal
,ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
The advantage of a rectangular image over a sector image is the avoidance of what artifact? - (answer)
Beam divergence
Interventional procedures are more accurately guided with a _______ __________ probe. - (answer)
Linear array
When is a curved array transducer used in breast imaging? - (answer) Pathology too large to fit on
linear image
Most linear transducers in breast sonography are ______ arrays. - (answer) 1-D
1-D arrays offer a fixed focus in the ________ plan (short axis) - (answer) Elevation
1.5-D matrix array transducers have multiple elements along the _____ axis of the probe. - (answer)
Short
1.5-D arrays offer some electronic focusing in the __________ plane. - (answer) Elevation
2-D array transducers are not currently _________. - (answer) available
Imaging depth should penetrate the chest wall-- ___ to ___ cm should be adequate - (answer) 3, 6
An echo's brightness is controlled by ______ - (answer) gain
Know overall gain, TGC, and output power - (answer) This is ultrasound elementary.
If your image is too bright decrease the ______________. - (answer) Output power
, ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
If your image is too dark increase the ____________. - (answer) Receiver gain
__________ focal zones are recommended for breast imaging. - (answer) Multiple
Multiple focal zones will decrease what? - (answer) Frame rate
a 7-12 MHz probe must be used to obtain an elevation focus depth of ____ to _____ cm. - (answer) 1,2
10 MHz = _____ cm elevation plane focus - (answer) 1.5
____________ (artifact) decreases contrast resolution and spatial resoution (both axial and lateral).
Places unwanted echoes in cysts. - (answer) Volume averaging
_______ __________ is more sensitive to low velocity flow and offers angle independence. - (answer)
Power Doppler
Three reasons Doppler is useful: - (answer) (1)Solid vs Cystic
(2)Inflammed vs Non-Inflammed
(3)Complicated Cyst vs Complex Cyst vs Intraductal Papilloma
To optimize Doppler for breast imaging (4 things) - (answer) (1) Low velocity scale
(2) Low filter setting
(3) Optimal Doppler gain setting
(4) Increased PRF for high velocities
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Artifact - (answer) An echo feature present or absent in a sonographic image that does not correspond
to the presence or absence of a real structure. Eg. enhancement or shadowing.
Attenuation - (answer) The reduction of intensity (and amplitude) of a sound wave as it travels through
a material. Attenuation is due to absorption, reflection, and scattering.
Complex - (answer) A structure in the body that contains both cystic and solid components.
Echogenic - (answer) A structure or medium that produces echoes.
Edge Shadowing - (answer) Decreased echo amplitude distal to the edge of a structure. This artifact
results from refraction of the sound beam.
Enhancement - (answer) Increased echo amplitude returning from regions lying beyond an object that
causes little or no attenuation of the sound beam (typically a cystic structure). This artifact results in a
brighter than normal appearance.
Heterogeneous - (answer) A structure that has an uneven texture (hypoechoic and hyperechoic echoes
throughout). Synonym - non-uniform.
Homogeneous - (answer) Smooth uniform texture
Ipsilateral - (answer) On the same side.
Contrlateral - (answer) On the opposite side.
Isoechoic - (answer) Same echogenicity as another structure or the surrounding tissue.
Noise - (answer) Spurious echoes throughout the image.
,ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Real-time - (answer) The scanning and display of sonographic images at a sufficiently rapid rate so that
moving structures can be seen to move at their natural rate. ***Frame rates of 15 frames per second or
greater are considered real time***
Reverberation - (answer) Artifact causing linear echoes parallel to a strong interface. Sound "bounces"
Ring Down - (answer) Reverb in which numerous parallel echoes are seen for a considerable distance.
E.g. a biopsy needle.
Sensitivity - (answer) The ability to diagnose disease in a patient when disease is present.
Texture - (answer) The pattern of echoes seen from a mass or area of interest in the body.
Refractive Edge Shadowing - (answer) Bending of a sound beam and loss of sound energy causing a
shadow.
Mid level gray corresponds to _____ in the breast. - (answer) Fat
Hyperechoic describes what three structures visualized in breast sonography. - (answer) Fibroglandular
tissue, Cooper's Ligament, Skin
What frequency transducer is optimal for breast imaging? - (answer) 7.0-15.0 MHz is optimal for
superior axial and lateral resolution while maintaining penetration to the chest wall. It should also be
BROADBAND.
Fixed elevation focusing represents.... - (answer) Focusing along the short axis of the transducer.
What design of transducer is used in breast imaging? - (answer) Linear array is optimal
,ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
The advantage of a rectangular image over a sector image is the avoidance of what artifact? - (answer)
Beam divergence
Interventional procedures are more accurately guided with a _______ __________ probe. - (answer)
Linear array
When is a curved array transducer used in breast imaging? - (answer) Pathology too large to fit on
linear image
Most linear transducers in breast sonography are ______ arrays. - (answer) 1-D
1-D arrays offer a fixed focus in the ________ plan (short axis) - (answer) Elevation
1.5-D matrix array transducers have multiple elements along the _____ axis of the probe. - (answer)
Short
1.5-D arrays offer some electronic focusing in the __________ plane. - (answer) Elevation
2-D array transducers are not currently _________. - (answer) available
Imaging depth should penetrate the chest wall-- ___ to ___ cm should be adequate - (answer) 3, 6
An echo's brightness is controlled by ______ - (answer) gain
Know overall gain, TGC, and output power - (answer) This is ultrasound elementary.
If your image is too bright decrease the ______________. - (answer) Output power
, ARDMS BREAST REGISTRY EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 450 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
If your image is too dark increase the ____________. - (answer) Receiver gain
__________ focal zones are recommended for breast imaging. - (answer) Multiple
Multiple focal zones will decrease what? - (answer) Frame rate
a 7-12 MHz probe must be used to obtain an elevation focus depth of ____ to _____ cm. - (answer) 1,2
10 MHz = _____ cm elevation plane focus - (answer) 1.5
____________ (artifact) decreases contrast resolution and spatial resoution (both axial and lateral).
Places unwanted echoes in cysts. - (answer) Volume averaging
_______ __________ is more sensitive to low velocity flow and offers angle independence. - (answer)
Power Doppler
Three reasons Doppler is useful: - (answer) (1)Solid vs Cystic
(2)Inflammed vs Non-Inflammed
(3)Complicated Cyst vs Complex Cyst vs Intraductal Papilloma
To optimize Doppler for breast imaging (4 things) - (answer) (1) Low velocity scale
(2) Low filter setting
(3) Optimal Doppler gain setting
(4) Increased PRF for high velocities
