2025 HESI Pharmacology RN & PN Test Bank | 160+ Real
Questions on Drug Classes, Side Effects & A+ Rationales |
Meds Master Pack
1.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. During
assessment, the client reports a persistent dry cough. What is the most appropriate
action?
A. Instruct the client to increase water intake
B. Notify the provider to consider switching medications
C. Suggest taking the medication at bedtime
D. Reassure the client that the cough is harmless
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, which can cause a persistent dry
cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin. The provider should be notified so
,the client can be switched to an ARB (like losartan), which does not typically
cause this side effect.
2.
A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. Which client statement
requires immediate intervention?
A. “I have a follow-up to check my INR next week.”
B. “I take aspirin every morning for headaches.”
C. “I avoid leafy green vegetables now.”
D. “I wear a medical alert bracelet.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin and warfarin both increase the risk of bleeding. Using them
together without provider supervision is unsafe. This requires immediate
intervention and medication review.
3.
A nurse is educating a client about the side effects of furosemide. Which symptom
should the client report immediately?
,A. Dizziness when standing
B. Muscle cramps and weakness
C. Increased urination
D. Mild headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, leading to
hypokalemia. Muscle cramps and weakness are early signs that should be reported
and corrected promptly.
4.
A client is prescribed metoprolol. Which assessment finding requires priority
action?
A. Blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg
B. Heart rate of 50 bpm
C. Report of fatigue
D. Report of erectile dysfunction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that reduces heart rate and contractility. A
, heart rate <60 bpm is considered bradycardia and warrants holding the dose and
notifying the provider.
5.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client prescribed nitroglycerin
sublingual tablets. Which instruction is correct?
A. “Store the tablets in the refrigerator.”
B. “Place one tablet under your tongue at the first sign of chest pain.”
C. “Chew the tablet to increase absorption.”
D. “You can repeat doses every 15 minutes.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin acts quickly and must be placed under the
tongue to relieve angina. Up to three doses can be taken 5 minutes apart. Tablets
should be stored in a dark, dry container at room temperature.
6.
A client is receiving gentamicin IV. Which laboratory value is most important to
monitor?
Questions on Drug Classes, Side Effects & A+ Rationales |
Meds Master Pack
1.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. During
assessment, the client reports a persistent dry cough. What is the most appropriate
action?
A. Instruct the client to increase water intake
B. Notify the provider to consider switching medications
C. Suggest taking the medication at bedtime
D. Reassure the client that the cough is harmless
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, which can cause a persistent dry
cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin. The provider should be notified so
,the client can be switched to an ARB (like losartan), which does not typically
cause this side effect.
2.
A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. Which client statement
requires immediate intervention?
A. “I have a follow-up to check my INR next week.”
B. “I take aspirin every morning for headaches.”
C. “I avoid leafy green vegetables now.”
D. “I wear a medical alert bracelet.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin and warfarin both increase the risk of bleeding. Using them
together without provider supervision is unsafe. This requires immediate
intervention and medication review.
3.
A nurse is educating a client about the side effects of furosemide. Which symptom
should the client report immediately?
,A. Dizziness when standing
B. Muscle cramps and weakness
C. Increased urination
D. Mild headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss, leading to
hypokalemia. Muscle cramps and weakness are early signs that should be reported
and corrected promptly.
4.
A client is prescribed metoprolol. Which assessment finding requires priority
action?
A. Blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg
B. Heart rate of 50 bpm
C. Report of fatigue
D. Report of erectile dysfunction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that reduces heart rate and contractility. A
, heart rate <60 bpm is considered bradycardia and warrants holding the dose and
notifying the provider.
5.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client prescribed nitroglycerin
sublingual tablets. Which instruction is correct?
A. “Store the tablets in the refrigerator.”
B. “Place one tablet under your tongue at the first sign of chest pain.”
C. “Chew the tablet to increase absorption.”
D. “You can repeat doses every 15 minutes.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin acts quickly and must be placed under the
tongue to relieve angina. Up to three doses can be taken 5 minutes apart. Tablets
should be stored in a dark, dry container at room temperature.
6.
A client is receiving gentamicin IV. Which laboratory value is most important to
monitor?
