Blood
Blood is a fluid, flowing connective tissue. Human blood constitutes about 8% of blood weight. Its consists of cell
and cells fragments in an aqueous medium know as plasma. The proportion of cellular elements known as
hematocrit, in the total volume is approximately 45%.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD:-
A) Plasma
It is a aqueous solution of nutrients, electrolytes, metabolites ,
proteins, vitamins trace elements and signaling substance.
B) Serum
The fluid phase of coagulated blood is know as serum ( yellowish
straw liquid). It differs from the plasma in that is lacks fibrin and other
coagulation protein.
C) Cellular elements
The formed elements of blood are erythrocytes( red blood cells)
leucocyte ( white blood cells)and thrombocytes ( platelets) .The
erythrocytes help in transport of gases in blood.
The leucocyte includes granulocytes(such as neutrophils esainophils and
basophils and granulocytes such as lymphocytes ( T & B) and
monocytes .
Function of blood
1. Transportation :- Blood transport oxygen from the lungs to different
body parts and CO2 from cell to lungs. Its also carries nutrients from
gastrointestinal tract to the cell, heat and waste products away from cells
and hormones from endocrine glands to other body cells .
2. Regulation :- Blood regulates pH with the help of buffer in
combination with the lungs , liver and kidneys. It also adjust body
temperature.
Homeostasis:- The blood ensures that a balanced distribution of water is maintained between the vascular system the
intercellular space and extra cellular space.
3. Defense :- The WBC's protect the body against foreign microorganisms and toxins. The defense system includes
the cell of the immune system and certain plasma proteins .
4. Self protection:- When a vessel is injured , the blood has system for stanching blood flow and coagulating the
blood in order to prevent blood loss( hemostasis). The dissolution of blood clots ( fibrinolysis) is also managed by
the blood itself.
Blood is a fluid, flowing connective tissue. Human blood constitutes about 8% of blood weight. Its consists of cell
and cells fragments in an aqueous medium know as plasma. The proportion of cellular elements known as
hematocrit, in the total volume is approximately 45%.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD:-
A) Plasma
It is a aqueous solution of nutrients, electrolytes, metabolites ,
proteins, vitamins trace elements and signaling substance.
B) Serum
The fluid phase of coagulated blood is know as serum ( yellowish
straw liquid). It differs from the plasma in that is lacks fibrin and other
coagulation protein.
C) Cellular elements
The formed elements of blood are erythrocytes( red blood cells)
leucocyte ( white blood cells)and thrombocytes ( platelets) .The
erythrocytes help in transport of gases in blood.
The leucocyte includes granulocytes(such as neutrophils esainophils and
basophils and granulocytes such as lymphocytes ( T & B) and
monocytes .
Function of blood
1. Transportation :- Blood transport oxygen from the lungs to different
body parts and CO2 from cell to lungs. Its also carries nutrients from
gastrointestinal tract to the cell, heat and waste products away from cells
and hormones from endocrine glands to other body cells .
2. Regulation :- Blood regulates pH with the help of buffer in
combination with the lungs , liver and kidneys. It also adjust body
temperature.
Homeostasis:- The blood ensures that a balanced distribution of water is maintained between the vascular system the
intercellular space and extra cellular space.
3. Defense :- The WBC's protect the body against foreign microorganisms and toxins. The defense system includes
the cell of the immune system and certain plasma proteins .
4. Self protection:- When a vessel is injured , the blood has system for stanching blood flow and coagulating the
blood in order to prevent blood loss( hemostasis). The dissolution of blood clots ( fibrinolysis) is also managed by
the blood itself.
