Pathophysiology
The organelle that is involved in cellular respiration and is likes tot he development of oxidative stress is
known as the - (correct Answer) - Mitochondria
Cells develop into tissues with specialized structure and function through the process of - (correct
Answer) - Differentiation
A cell's typical response to a decrease in trophic signal - (correct Answer) - Atrophy
Cell death by necrosis is - (correct Answer) - often a response to inflammation
You are caring for a female patient who has reported a noticeable decrease in breast size and muscle
mass. Which condition and cause is the most likely explanation? - (correct Answer) - Menopause
The changes seen in cells adapting to stressors that promote metaplasia - (correct Answer) - can change
from one cell to another
Cellular atrophy results in - (correct Answer) - decrease in tissue volume due to a decrease in cell size
Treatment of chronic conditions associated with cerebral atrophy - (correct Answer) - are targeted
toward slowing neuronal injury and atrophy
Which of the following hormones is secreted form the anterior pituitary:
Somatostatin
Growth Hormone
GHRH
IGH-1 - (correct Answer) - Growth hormone
What is a diagnostic test for cervical dysplasia? - (correct Answer) - Cervical punch biopsy
Which reactive oxygen species is scavenged by catalase? - (correct Answer) - Hydrogen peroxide
What is the term to describe cells that are enlarged with darkened nuclei and abnormal chromatin? -
(correct Answer) - Dysplastic
A person's phenotype can best be described as - (correct Answer) - traits that are observable and
apparent
A person's genotype can best be described as - (correct Answer) - the genetic makeup of a person
Which of the following conditions follows Mendelian pattern of recessive inheritance?
Coronary artery disease
Down Syndrome
, Marfan Syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease - (correct Answer) - Tay-Sachs disease
Which of the following follows a multifactorial pattern of inheritence?
Coronary artery disease
Down Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease - (correct Answer) - Coronary artery disease
Fortification of foods with folic acid has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of - (correct
Answer) - neural tube defects
Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities can result in an inheritable form of trisomy?
Nondisjunction during meiosis
Balanced translocation
Insertion
Deletion - (correct Answer) - Balanced translocation
Which type of hemoglobin is produced during sickle-cell crisis? - (correct Answer) - HbS
Mitochondrial gene disorders are transmitted to - (correct Answer) - both daughters and sons
Mitochondrial genes produce proteins involved in - (correct Answer) - energy metabolism
What is a manifestation of Down Syndrome? - (correct Answer) - Epicanthal eye folds
Which prenatal test(s) diagnose Down Syndrome? - (correct Answer) - Karyotype
What is the risk of a mother with the genetic mutation that causes Fragile-X syndrome passing the gene
on to an offspring? - (correct Answer) - 50% of males affected
Which chromosomal abnormality is incompatible with life? - (correct Answer) - Monosomy 21
Affects females only - (correct Answer) - Turner syndrome
The target of damage in Huntington's Disease - (correct Answer) - nerve tissue
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is a screening test for which condition? - (correct Answer) -
Spina Bifida
A patient comes to the clinic concerned about a painless lymph node in the neck. A diagnosis of
lymphoma is made. Which of the following would indicate the lymphoma was Hodgkin lymphoma?
The organelle that is involved in cellular respiration and is likes tot he development of oxidative stress is
known as the - (correct Answer) - Mitochondria
Cells develop into tissues with specialized structure and function through the process of - (correct
Answer) - Differentiation
A cell's typical response to a decrease in trophic signal - (correct Answer) - Atrophy
Cell death by necrosis is - (correct Answer) - often a response to inflammation
You are caring for a female patient who has reported a noticeable decrease in breast size and muscle
mass. Which condition and cause is the most likely explanation? - (correct Answer) - Menopause
The changes seen in cells adapting to stressors that promote metaplasia - (correct Answer) - can change
from one cell to another
Cellular atrophy results in - (correct Answer) - decrease in tissue volume due to a decrease in cell size
Treatment of chronic conditions associated with cerebral atrophy - (correct Answer) - are targeted
toward slowing neuronal injury and atrophy
Which of the following hormones is secreted form the anterior pituitary:
Somatostatin
Growth Hormone
GHRH
IGH-1 - (correct Answer) - Growth hormone
What is a diagnostic test for cervical dysplasia? - (correct Answer) - Cervical punch biopsy
Which reactive oxygen species is scavenged by catalase? - (correct Answer) - Hydrogen peroxide
What is the term to describe cells that are enlarged with darkened nuclei and abnormal chromatin? -
(correct Answer) - Dysplastic
A person's phenotype can best be described as - (correct Answer) - traits that are observable and
apparent
A person's genotype can best be described as - (correct Answer) - the genetic makeup of a person
Which of the following conditions follows Mendelian pattern of recessive inheritance?
Coronary artery disease
Down Syndrome
, Marfan Syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease - (correct Answer) - Tay-Sachs disease
Which of the following follows a multifactorial pattern of inheritence?
Coronary artery disease
Down Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease - (correct Answer) - Coronary artery disease
Fortification of foods with folic acid has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of - (correct
Answer) - neural tube defects
Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities can result in an inheritable form of trisomy?
Nondisjunction during meiosis
Balanced translocation
Insertion
Deletion - (correct Answer) - Balanced translocation
Which type of hemoglobin is produced during sickle-cell crisis? - (correct Answer) - HbS
Mitochondrial gene disorders are transmitted to - (correct Answer) - both daughters and sons
Mitochondrial genes produce proteins involved in - (correct Answer) - energy metabolism
What is a manifestation of Down Syndrome? - (correct Answer) - Epicanthal eye folds
Which prenatal test(s) diagnose Down Syndrome? - (correct Answer) - Karyotype
What is the risk of a mother with the genetic mutation that causes Fragile-X syndrome passing the gene
on to an offspring? - (correct Answer) - 50% of males affected
Which chromosomal abnormality is incompatible with life? - (correct Answer) - Monosomy 21
Affects females only - (correct Answer) - Turner syndrome
The target of damage in Huntington's Disease - (correct Answer) - nerve tissue
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is a screening test for which condition? - (correct Answer) -
Spina Bifida
A patient comes to the clinic concerned about a painless lymph node in the neck. A diagnosis of
lymphoma is made. Which of the following would indicate the lymphoma was Hodgkin lymphoma?
