Maternal newborn ati proctored exam FULL ANSWERS
Interphase - (correct Answer) - cell feeds, metabolizes and grows while replicating DNA in preparation for
mitosis
Prophase - (correct Answer) - first appearance of chromosomes (will be 92)
Metaphase - (correct Answer) - Centrioles pull chromosomes to opposite sides of cell (chromatid) - 46
each side
Anaphase - (correct Answer) - Centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart
Telophase - (correct Answer) - New nuclear membrane formed around each group of 46 chromosomes
*When it goes right, euploid cells are produced*
Nondisjunction - (correct Answer) - Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate.
Polyploidy - (correct Answer) - condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Triploidy - (correct Answer) - when an organism has three copies of every chromsome instead of two
Tetrapoloidy - (correct Answer) - euploid has 92 chromosomes and fetus usually does not survive
Huntington's disease - (correct Answer) - Single gene disorder (trinucleotide repeat mutation)
Autosomal dominant (50% chance of passing it on)
Progressive neurologic disease with late onset (40s)
Prevention- genetic testing for pregnancy planning
Cystic fibrosis - (correct Answer) - Single gene disorder (CFTR gene mutation)
Autosomal recessive
Most common in white children
Defective transport of chloride ions cause salt imbalance- thickened secretions, digestive issues,
malnutrition. Males and females
Must inherit two copies of gene (1 from each parent)
Turner syndrome - (correct Answer) - XO chromosomal disorder, monosomy of X-affects females
Short stature, webbed neck, undeveloped breasts but female genitalia, usually sterile
Down syndrome - (correct Answer) - Chromosomal disorder, trisomy 21
Affects both sexes
Intellectual disability, poor muscle tone, low nasal bridge, low set ears, protruding tongue, epicanthal
Interphase - (correct Answer) - cell feeds, metabolizes and grows while replicating DNA in preparation for
mitosis
Prophase - (correct Answer) - first appearance of chromosomes (will be 92)
Metaphase - (correct Answer) - Centrioles pull chromosomes to opposite sides of cell (chromatid) - 46
each side
Anaphase - (correct Answer) - Centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart
Telophase - (correct Answer) - New nuclear membrane formed around each group of 46 chromosomes
*When it goes right, euploid cells are produced*
Nondisjunction - (correct Answer) - Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate.
Polyploidy - (correct Answer) - condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes
Triploidy - (correct Answer) - when an organism has three copies of every chromsome instead of two
Tetrapoloidy - (correct Answer) - euploid has 92 chromosomes and fetus usually does not survive
Huntington's disease - (correct Answer) - Single gene disorder (trinucleotide repeat mutation)
Autosomal dominant (50% chance of passing it on)
Progressive neurologic disease with late onset (40s)
Prevention- genetic testing for pregnancy planning
Cystic fibrosis - (correct Answer) - Single gene disorder (CFTR gene mutation)
Autosomal recessive
Most common in white children
Defective transport of chloride ions cause salt imbalance- thickened secretions, digestive issues,
malnutrition. Males and females
Must inherit two copies of gene (1 from each parent)
Turner syndrome - (correct Answer) - XO chromosomal disorder, monosomy of X-affects females
Short stature, webbed neck, undeveloped breasts but female genitalia, usually sterile
Down syndrome - (correct Answer) - Chromosomal disorder, trisomy 21
Affects both sexes
Intellectual disability, poor muscle tone, low nasal bridge, low set ears, protruding tongue, epicanthal
