UW-Madison Psych 460 Child Development: final exam
study set
Which statement best characterizes Piaget's view of children's learning?
A. Children are intrinsically motivated to learn
B. Children learn to compete with their siblings for attention from their mother.
C. Children learn because natural selection has programmed them to do so.
D. Children learn because their parents teach them to value school. - (correct Answer) - A. Children are
intrinsically motivated to learn.
Sharon has learned how to press the buttons on the television remote control. She finds the touch-tone
phone sitting on the coffee table. She begins pressing the buttons much like she would the remote
control buttons. According to Piagetian theory, this is an example of:
A. Accommodation
B. egocentrism
C. Asssimilation
D. Centration - (correct Answer) - Assimilation
Assimilation is the process by which individuals:
A. Demonstrate broad applicability
B. Fit incoming information into concepts they already understand.
C. Understand sources of discontinuity.
D. Adapt current knowledge in response to new experiences. - (correct Answer) - B. Fit incoming
information into concepts they already understand.
Janine just heard a story about sharks. From the story, she learned that sharks live in the ocean and they
are good swimmers. When asked if sharks can live on land, she uses her new information combined with
her prior knowledge about other fish-that they have gills and extract oxygen from the water to answer
the question. Her new and existing knowledge are processed in [blank] memory.
A. long-term
B.short-term
C. working
,D. sensory - (correct Answer) - C. working memory
Long term memory is limited in:
A. capacity and duration
B. duration
C. Capacity
D. nothing; there are no known limits - (correct Answer) - D. Nothing; there are no known limits
Colleen scores well on tests of executive function in early childhood. Which later achievement is NOT
likely to be linked to this early success?
A. She will have a happy marriage.
B. She will have good grades in high school.
C. She will enroll in college.
D. She will have a good job and make a good income as an adult. - (correct Answer) - A. She will have a
happy marriage
The assumption that children have some innate, or inborn, knowledge in areas that are important to
survival is central to [blank] theories of cognitive development.
A. Piagetian
B. information systems
C. core-knowledge
D. sociocultural - (correct Answer) - C. Core-knowledge
Xavier, a core knowledge theorist, believes that children enter the world with specialized learning
mechanisms, or [blank], that allow them to quickly and effortlessly acquire information of evolutionary
importance.
A. Scaffolds
B. encodings
C. mental structures
,D. equilibrated concepts - (correct Answer) - C. mental structures
The theory that infants have substantial inborn knowledge of important evolutionary domains is called:
A. constructivism.
B. nativism.
C. domain specificity
D. empiricism. - (correct Answer) - C. Domain specificity
The inclination to teach emerges:
A. in middle childhood.
B. when children enter elementary school.
C. around 4 years of age.
D. as early as 1 year of age. - (correct Answer) - D. As early as one year of age.
Joint attention develops around:
A. 2 years of age.
B. 1 year of age.
C. the same time as theory of mind.
D. 6 months of age. - (correct Answer) - B. 1 year of age.
In Vygotsky's theory, children are depicted as:
A. Social beings.
B. well-equipped products of evolution.
C. little scientists.
D. computational systems. - (correct Answer) - A. social beings.
In which way are dynamic-systems theories similar to sociocultural theories?
, A. An emphasis on early emerging competencies.
B. An emphasis on precise analyses of problem-solving activity
C. An emphasis on the formative influence of other people.
D. an emphasis on children's innate motivation to explore the environment. - (correct Answer) - C. An
emphasis on the formative influence of other people.
Dynamic-systems theorists believe that:
A. Both physical and mental change are constantly occurring.
B. Both physical and mental change occur in stages.
C. physical change is always occurring and mental change occurs in stages.
D. physical change occurs in stages and mental change is always occurring. - (correct Answer) - A. both
physical and mental change are constantly occurring.
The word systems in dynamic systems refers to:
A. each child is a well-integrated system with many subsystem.
B. each child's subsystems operate discretely.
C. children's systems are disorganized and sometimes work against each other.
D. Each child is just one system. - (correct Answer) - A. Each child is a well-integrated system with many
subsystems.
Piaget is often labeled as a constructivist because he:
A. Felt it was necessary for children to use their hands to build before they could internalize a concept.
B. Believed parents construct children's personalities through nature.
C. Believed the child's entire community constructs their development.
D. Believed children construct knowledge in response to their experiences. - (correct Answer) - D.
Believed children construct knowledge in response to their experiences.
When Jesse, a small child, sees a black and white spotted animal toy, he calls it a "cow" despite its floppy
ears and upturned tail. His mother tells him it is a "dog." He now realizes that ears and tails are more
important than color when distinguishing between animals. His new realization is an example of:
study set
Which statement best characterizes Piaget's view of children's learning?
A. Children are intrinsically motivated to learn
B. Children learn to compete with their siblings for attention from their mother.
C. Children learn because natural selection has programmed them to do so.
D. Children learn because their parents teach them to value school. - (correct Answer) - A. Children are
intrinsically motivated to learn.
Sharon has learned how to press the buttons on the television remote control. She finds the touch-tone
phone sitting on the coffee table. She begins pressing the buttons much like she would the remote
control buttons. According to Piagetian theory, this is an example of:
A. Accommodation
B. egocentrism
C. Asssimilation
D. Centration - (correct Answer) - Assimilation
Assimilation is the process by which individuals:
A. Demonstrate broad applicability
B. Fit incoming information into concepts they already understand.
C. Understand sources of discontinuity.
D. Adapt current knowledge in response to new experiences. - (correct Answer) - B. Fit incoming
information into concepts they already understand.
Janine just heard a story about sharks. From the story, she learned that sharks live in the ocean and they
are good swimmers. When asked if sharks can live on land, she uses her new information combined with
her prior knowledge about other fish-that they have gills and extract oxygen from the water to answer
the question. Her new and existing knowledge are processed in [blank] memory.
A. long-term
B.short-term
C. working
,D. sensory - (correct Answer) - C. working memory
Long term memory is limited in:
A. capacity and duration
B. duration
C. Capacity
D. nothing; there are no known limits - (correct Answer) - D. Nothing; there are no known limits
Colleen scores well on tests of executive function in early childhood. Which later achievement is NOT
likely to be linked to this early success?
A. She will have a happy marriage.
B. She will have good grades in high school.
C. She will enroll in college.
D. She will have a good job and make a good income as an adult. - (correct Answer) - A. She will have a
happy marriage
The assumption that children have some innate, or inborn, knowledge in areas that are important to
survival is central to [blank] theories of cognitive development.
A. Piagetian
B. information systems
C. core-knowledge
D. sociocultural - (correct Answer) - C. Core-knowledge
Xavier, a core knowledge theorist, believes that children enter the world with specialized learning
mechanisms, or [blank], that allow them to quickly and effortlessly acquire information of evolutionary
importance.
A. Scaffolds
B. encodings
C. mental structures
,D. equilibrated concepts - (correct Answer) - C. mental structures
The theory that infants have substantial inborn knowledge of important evolutionary domains is called:
A. constructivism.
B. nativism.
C. domain specificity
D. empiricism. - (correct Answer) - C. Domain specificity
The inclination to teach emerges:
A. in middle childhood.
B. when children enter elementary school.
C. around 4 years of age.
D. as early as 1 year of age. - (correct Answer) - D. As early as one year of age.
Joint attention develops around:
A. 2 years of age.
B. 1 year of age.
C. the same time as theory of mind.
D. 6 months of age. - (correct Answer) - B. 1 year of age.
In Vygotsky's theory, children are depicted as:
A. Social beings.
B. well-equipped products of evolution.
C. little scientists.
D. computational systems. - (correct Answer) - A. social beings.
In which way are dynamic-systems theories similar to sociocultural theories?
, A. An emphasis on early emerging competencies.
B. An emphasis on precise analyses of problem-solving activity
C. An emphasis on the formative influence of other people.
D. an emphasis on children's innate motivation to explore the environment. - (correct Answer) - C. An
emphasis on the formative influence of other people.
Dynamic-systems theorists believe that:
A. Both physical and mental change are constantly occurring.
B. Both physical and mental change occur in stages.
C. physical change is always occurring and mental change occurs in stages.
D. physical change occurs in stages and mental change is always occurring. - (correct Answer) - A. both
physical and mental change are constantly occurring.
The word systems in dynamic systems refers to:
A. each child is a well-integrated system with many subsystem.
B. each child's subsystems operate discretely.
C. children's systems are disorganized and sometimes work against each other.
D. Each child is just one system. - (correct Answer) - A. Each child is a well-integrated system with many
subsystems.
Piaget is often labeled as a constructivist because he:
A. Felt it was necessary for children to use their hands to build before they could internalize a concept.
B. Believed parents construct children's personalities through nature.
C. Believed the child's entire community constructs their development.
D. Believed children construct knowledge in response to their experiences. - (correct Answer) - D.
Believed children construct knowledge in response to their experiences.
When Jesse, a small child, sees a black and white spotted animal toy, he calls it a "cow" despite its floppy
ears and upturned tail. His mother tells him it is a "dog." He now realizes that ears and tails are more
important than color when distinguishing between animals. His new realization is an example of:
