Page | 1
Teas 6 Endocrine System Questions and
Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: What is the difference between steroids and non-steroids?, 🗹🗹: Steroids are
hormones that have a cholesterol backbone and are "not soluble in water" due to their
lipid structure, they are transported through the blood attached to carrier proteins, they
penetrate the cell membrane and interact with nuclear receptors that affect the DNA.
Steroids bind to the receptors on the nucleus. (REQUIRE A CARRIER TO MOVE
THROUGH THE BLOODSTREAM.)
Non-steroids are hormones that are primarily derived from proteins and are "water
soluble" due to their polar nature, these hormones pass "freely" through the blood
(DISSOLVE EASILY IN WATER) ; they interact with receptors on the cells' membrane
and activate secondary messenger systems that carry out their effects with the cell.
Non-steroids can not pass through the cells membrane.
Q: When levels of T3 and T4 decrease below normal, the pituitary gland produces TSH,
stimulating the thyroid gland to produce more hormones and raise the blood levels.
Once the levels rise, the pituitary then decreases TSH production., 🗹🗹: A negative
feedback loop involving the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland
Q: What is the function of T3? (triiodothyronine), 🗹🗹: is several times more
powerful than T4, which is largely a pro- hormone. the most powerful thyroid hormone,
and affects almost every process in the body, including body temperature, growth, and
heart rate.
Q: What is the function of T4? (thyroxine), 🗹🗹: A hormone (an iodine derivative of
tyrosine), produced by the thyroid gland, that regulates cell metabolism and growth.
Q: T4 (Thyroxine) is converted to T3 ( Triiodothyronine) by peripheral organs
___________________, 🗹🗹: such as the liver, kidney, and spleen.
, Page | 2
Q: What does T3 and T4 do together?, 🗹🗹: They regulate the body's temperature,
metabolism, and heart rate.
Q: What endocrine organ produces T3 and T4?, 🗹🗹: the thyroid
Q: If your body releases too _________ much you will suffer a condition called
thyrotoxicosis., 🗹🗹: thyroxine
Q: Describe the thyroid, 🗹🗹: a small gland, butterfly-shaped, located in the front of
the neck. It is made up of two halves, called lobes, that lie alongside the windpipe
(trachea) and joined together by by a narrow band of thyroid tissue ( the isthmus)
Q: If unregulated, ___________ _____________ ______________can lead to life-threatening
conditions such as myxedema coma (dangerously low thyroid hormones) and thyroid
storm (excessive thyroid hormone concentration)., 🗹🗹: thyroid hormone
imbalances
Q: What is the function of the thyroid gland?, 🗹🗹: its function is to take iodine found
in food and convert it into thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), their cells are the
only cells that absorb iodine. Thyroid cells combine iodine and amino acid tyosine to
make T3 and T4, then release them into the bloodstream and then T3 and T4 are
transported throughout the body where they control metabolism (conversion of oxygen
and calories to energy)
Q: Every cell in the body depends _______ ________for regulation of their metabolism,
🗹🗹: thyroid hormones
Q: The thyroid is under the control of the _________ _____, 🗹🗹: pituitary gland
Q: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 🗹🗹: stimulates thyroid gland to produce
hormones.
Q: The ____________is the part of the brain that produces Thyroid Releasing Hormone
(TRH), 🗹🗹: hypothalamus
, Page | 3
Q: Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH) tells the ________ _____ to stimulate the thyroid
gland to release Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 🗹🗹: pituitary gland
Q: 3 common thyroid disorders:, 🗹🗹: goiters, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism
Q: Thyroid cells are unique because, 🗹🗹: they are the only cells in the body that they
are highly specialized to absorb and use iodine
Q: They thyroid gland also produces __________, which helps control blood calcium.,
🗹🗹: calcitonin
Q: goiters, 🗹🗹: is a bulge in the neck. A toxic goiter is associated with
hyperthyroidism, and a non-toxic goiter, also known as a simple or endemic goiter, is
caused by iodine deficiency.
Q: Hypothyroidism, 🗹🗹: is a common condition characterized by too little thyroid
hormone (hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels)
Q: Hyperthyroidism, 🗹🗹: caused by too much thyroid hormone
Q: Thyroiditis, 🗹🗹: is an inflammation of the thyroid that may be associated with
abnormal thyroid function (particularly hyperthyroidism). Inflammation can cause the
thyroid's cells to die, making the thyroid unable to produce enough hormones to
maintain the body's normal metabolism. There are five types of thyroiditis, and the
treatment is specific to each
Q: The Endocrine System helps control what processes and systems:, 🗹🗹: -Growth
and development
-Homeostasis (internal balance of body systems)
-Metabolism (body energy levels)
-Reproduction
-Response to stimuli (stress and/or injury)
Teas 6 Endocrine System Questions and
Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: What is the difference between steroids and non-steroids?, 🗹🗹: Steroids are
hormones that have a cholesterol backbone and are "not soluble in water" due to their
lipid structure, they are transported through the blood attached to carrier proteins, they
penetrate the cell membrane and interact with nuclear receptors that affect the DNA.
Steroids bind to the receptors on the nucleus. (REQUIRE A CARRIER TO MOVE
THROUGH THE BLOODSTREAM.)
Non-steroids are hormones that are primarily derived from proteins and are "water
soluble" due to their polar nature, these hormones pass "freely" through the blood
(DISSOLVE EASILY IN WATER) ; they interact with receptors on the cells' membrane
and activate secondary messenger systems that carry out their effects with the cell.
Non-steroids can not pass through the cells membrane.
Q: When levels of T3 and T4 decrease below normal, the pituitary gland produces TSH,
stimulating the thyroid gland to produce more hormones and raise the blood levels.
Once the levels rise, the pituitary then decreases TSH production., 🗹🗹: A negative
feedback loop involving the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland
Q: What is the function of T3? (triiodothyronine), 🗹🗹: is several times more
powerful than T4, which is largely a pro- hormone. the most powerful thyroid hormone,
and affects almost every process in the body, including body temperature, growth, and
heart rate.
Q: What is the function of T4? (thyroxine), 🗹🗹: A hormone (an iodine derivative of
tyrosine), produced by the thyroid gland, that regulates cell metabolism and growth.
Q: T4 (Thyroxine) is converted to T3 ( Triiodothyronine) by peripheral organs
___________________, 🗹🗹: such as the liver, kidney, and spleen.
, Page | 2
Q: What does T3 and T4 do together?, 🗹🗹: They regulate the body's temperature,
metabolism, and heart rate.
Q: What endocrine organ produces T3 and T4?, 🗹🗹: the thyroid
Q: If your body releases too _________ much you will suffer a condition called
thyrotoxicosis., 🗹🗹: thyroxine
Q: Describe the thyroid, 🗹🗹: a small gland, butterfly-shaped, located in the front of
the neck. It is made up of two halves, called lobes, that lie alongside the windpipe
(trachea) and joined together by by a narrow band of thyroid tissue ( the isthmus)
Q: If unregulated, ___________ _____________ ______________can lead to life-threatening
conditions such as myxedema coma (dangerously low thyroid hormones) and thyroid
storm (excessive thyroid hormone concentration)., 🗹🗹: thyroid hormone
imbalances
Q: What is the function of the thyroid gland?, 🗹🗹: its function is to take iodine found
in food and convert it into thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), their cells are the
only cells that absorb iodine. Thyroid cells combine iodine and amino acid tyosine to
make T3 and T4, then release them into the bloodstream and then T3 and T4 are
transported throughout the body where they control metabolism (conversion of oxygen
and calories to energy)
Q: Every cell in the body depends _______ ________for regulation of their metabolism,
🗹🗹: thyroid hormones
Q: The thyroid is under the control of the _________ _____, 🗹🗹: pituitary gland
Q: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 🗹🗹: stimulates thyroid gland to produce
hormones.
Q: The ____________is the part of the brain that produces Thyroid Releasing Hormone
(TRH), 🗹🗹: hypothalamus
, Page | 3
Q: Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH) tells the ________ _____ to stimulate the thyroid
gland to release Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), 🗹🗹: pituitary gland
Q: 3 common thyroid disorders:, 🗹🗹: goiters, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism
Q: Thyroid cells are unique because, 🗹🗹: they are the only cells in the body that they
are highly specialized to absorb and use iodine
Q: They thyroid gland also produces __________, which helps control blood calcium.,
🗹🗹: calcitonin
Q: goiters, 🗹🗹: is a bulge in the neck. A toxic goiter is associated with
hyperthyroidism, and a non-toxic goiter, also known as a simple or endemic goiter, is
caused by iodine deficiency.
Q: Hypothyroidism, 🗹🗹: is a common condition characterized by too little thyroid
hormone (hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels)
Q: Hyperthyroidism, 🗹🗹: caused by too much thyroid hormone
Q: Thyroiditis, 🗹🗹: is an inflammation of the thyroid that may be associated with
abnormal thyroid function (particularly hyperthyroidism). Inflammation can cause the
thyroid's cells to die, making the thyroid unable to produce enough hormones to
maintain the body's normal metabolism. There are five types of thyroiditis, and the
treatment is specific to each
Q: The Endocrine System helps control what processes and systems:, 🗹🗹: -Growth
and development
-Homeostasis (internal balance of body systems)
-Metabolism (body energy levels)
-Reproduction
-Response to stimuli (stress and/or injury)
