NURS 136 Test Exam 2025 With 100%
Correct Answers
what are some methods to reduce physical hazards and the transmission of pathogens -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔make sure all workers wear proper protective gear such as safety glasses,
gloves, hard hats, hearing protection, etc. Second, ensure that equipment is properly
maintained and repaired. Proper hand hygiene. Avoiding high-risk behaviors. Immunizations.
Proper home pest control. Proper disposal of human waste. Keeping a healthy world
environment-avoid polluting the air and water when able.
What is the influence of nursing theory on a nurse's approach to practice - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Nursing theory conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, pr
prescribe nursing care. Theories offer a framework for assessing your patient's situation, and
help you to recognize and analyze clues that emerge from data
what are the types of nursing theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- grand theories: abstract, broad
in scope, and complex - require further clarification though research to they can be applied to
nursing practice - provides general framework for general ideas about nursing. Eg Imogene
King's theory of goal attainment, the focus of nursing is the interaction of Hyman beings and the
environment with an end goal of health, an Nightingale who thought that improving
environment and nutrition would lead to restored health
- Middle-range theories: address specific phenomenon and reflect practice. Eg Kolcaba's theory
of comfort encourages nurses to meet pt's needs for comfort in physical, psychospiritual,
environmental and sociocultural realms
- Practice theories: guide the nursing care of a specific patient population at a specific time eg.
pain management protocol for pts receiving from cardiac surgery
- Descriptive theories: first level of theory development - describe phenomena and identify
circumstances in which the phenomena occur eg. theories of growth and development
describer he maturation process of an individual at various ages
- Prescriptive theories: address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice change,
and predict the consequences - helps to anticipate the outcomes of nursing interventions
,what is the relationship between nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔The nursing process is used in clinical settings to determine individual
patient needs, and provides a systematic process for the delivery of nursing care. However,
nurses use theory to provide direction in how to use the nursing process. For example, the
theory of caring influences what nurses need to assess, how to determine patient needs, how to
plan care, how to select individualized nursing interventions, and how to evaluate patient
outcomes.
what is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing Clinical Judgment Model (NCSBN-CJM) -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔it was developed to help guide nurse educators in evaluating nursing
student's abilities to make the clinical judgements necessary when providing competent nursing
care. The model has multiple layers that help explain the cognitive process nurses use to make
clinical judgments to guide their care
- layer 0: determine client needs
- layer 1: clinical judgement
- layer 2: form a hypotheses, refine hypothesis, evaluation
- layer 3: recognize cures, analyze cues, prioritize hypothesis, generate solutions, take actions,
evaluate outcomes
- layer 4: environmental and individual factors that help inform a nurses clinical judgement
What is theory based nursing practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔you apply the principles of a
theory in delivering nursing interventions
- grand theories help shape and define your practice
- middle range theories help to advance nursing knowledge through nursing research
- practice theories help you provide specific care for individuals and groups of diverse
populations and situations
what are the benefits of evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔EBP enhances patient
experience, patient satisfaction, decreases cost, empowers clinicians, improves patient
outcomes, and improves the quality and consistency of health care
, what are the steps of evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔0. cultivate a spirit of
inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format
2. search for the most relevant and best evidence
3. critically appraise the evidence you gather
4. integrate the best evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and values
5. evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
6. communicate the outcomes of EBP decision or changes
what is PICOT and give an example of a PICOT Question - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔P: patient
population of interest (eg. age, sex, ethnicity, disease, etc)
I: intervention or area of interest (eg. tx, diagnostic test, prognostic factor, etc)
C: comparison intervention or area of interest (eg. what is the standard of care use now in
practice)
O: Outcomes (what is the desired result of an intervention eg. chance in behavior, physical
finding, etc)
T: time (what amount of time is needed for an intervention to achieve an outcome)
explain the levels of evidence available in the literature - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- level I =
systematic review or meta analysis or randomized controlled trials, evidence based clinical
practice guidelines, based on systematic reviews
- level II = well developed randomized controlled trials
- level III = controlled trial without randomization (quasi experimental study)
- level IV = single non-experimental study (case control, correlational, cohort studies)
- level V = systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies
- level VI = single descriptive qualitative study
- level VII = opinion of authorities and/or reports of expert committees
Correct Answers
what are some methods to reduce physical hazards and the transmission of pathogens -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔make sure all workers wear proper protective gear such as safety glasses,
gloves, hard hats, hearing protection, etc. Second, ensure that equipment is properly
maintained and repaired. Proper hand hygiene. Avoiding high-risk behaviors. Immunizations.
Proper home pest control. Proper disposal of human waste. Keeping a healthy world
environment-avoid polluting the air and water when able.
What is the influence of nursing theory on a nurse's approach to practice - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Nursing theory conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, pr
prescribe nursing care. Theories offer a framework for assessing your patient's situation, and
help you to recognize and analyze clues that emerge from data
what are the types of nursing theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- grand theories: abstract, broad
in scope, and complex - require further clarification though research to they can be applied to
nursing practice - provides general framework for general ideas about nursing. Eg Imogene
King's theory of goal attainment, the focus of nursing is the interaction of Hyman beings and the
environment with an end goal of health, an Nightingale who thought that improving
environment and nutrition would lead to restored health
- Middle-range theories: address specific phenomenon and reflect practice. Eg Kolcaba's theory
of comfort encourages nurses to meet pt's needs for comfort in physical, psychospiritual,
environmental and sociocultural realms
- Practice theories: guide the nursing care of a specific patient population at a specific time eg.
pain management protocol for pts receiving from cardiac surgery
- Descriptive theories: first level of theory development - describe phenomena and identify
circumstances in which the phenomena occur eg. theories of growth and development
describer he maturation process of an individual at various ages
- Prescriptive theories: address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice change,
and predict the consequences - helps to anticipate the outcomes of nursing interventions
,what is the relationship between nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔The nursing process is used in clinical settings to determine individual
patient needs, and provides a systematic process for the delivery of nursing care. However,
nurses use theory to provide direction in how to use the nursing process. For example, the
theory of caring influences what nurses need to assess, how to determine patient needs, how to
plan care, how to select individualized nursing interventions, and how to evaluate patient
outcomes.
what is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing Clinical Judgment Model (NCSBN-CJM) -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔it was developed to help guide nurse educators in evaluating nursing
student's abilities to make the clinical judgements necessary when providing competent nursing
care. The model has multiple layers that help explain the cognitive process nurses use to make
clinical judgments to guide their care
- layer 0: determine client needs
- layer 1: clinical judgement
- layer 2: form a hypotheses, refine hypothesis, evaluation
- layer 3: recognize cures, analyze cues, prioritize hypothesis, generate solutions, take actions,
evaluate outcomes
- layer 4: environmental and individual factors that help inform a nurses clinical judgement
What is theory based nursing practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔you apply the principles of a
theory in delivering nursing interventions
- grand theories help shape and define your practice
- middle range theories help to advance nursing knowledge through nursing research
- practice theories help you provide specific care for individuals and groups of diverse
populations and situations
what are the benefits of evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔EBP enhances patient
experience, patient satisfaction, decreases cost, empowers clinicians, improves patient
outcomes, and improves the quality and consistency of health care
, what are the steps of evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔0. cultivate a spirit of
inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format
2. search for the most relevant and best evidence
3. critically appraise the evidence you gather
4. integrate the best evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and values
5. evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
6. communicate the outcomes of EBP decision or changes
what is PICOT and give an example of a PICOT Question - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔P: patient
population of interest (eg. age, sex, ethnicity, disease, etc)
I: intervention or area of interest (eg. tx, diagnostic test, prognostic factor, etc)
C: comparison intervention or area of interest (eg. what is the standard of care use now in
practice)
O: Outcomes (what is the desired result of an intervention eg. chance in behavior, physical
finding, etc)
T: time (what amount of time is needed for an intervention to achieve an outcome)
explain the levels of evidence available in the literature - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- level I =
systematic review or meta analysis or randomized controlled trials, evidence based clinical
practice guidelines, based on systematic reviews
- level II = well developed randomized controlled trials
- level III = controlled trial without randomization (quasi experimental study)
- level IV = single non-experimental study (case control, correlational, cohort studies)
- level V = systematic reviews of descriptive and qualitative studies
- level VI = single descriptive qualitative study
- level VII = opinion of authorities and/or reports of expert committees
