NSG 530 Exam 1 Questions with
Detailed Correct Verified Answers
2025
Dehydration --- correct answer ---Reduction in bodily fluids
Symptoms- headache, thirst, fatigue, dry mucous membranes,
lightheadedness
Elderly and infants more susceptible to low total body water
Why are geriatric patients susceptible to dehydration? ---
correct answer ---Lower total body muscle and fat mass
Why are infants susceptible to dehydration? --- correct answer
---Higher metabolic rate and greater body surface area
Edema --- correct answer ---Contributes to intracellular
dehydration as fluid collects in extracellular areas due to
osmosis
Osmosis --- correct answer ---Where water moves from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
due to a cell membrane becoming more permeable to water
Strangulation --- correct answer ---Occurs when neck pressure
collapses blood vessels, stopping blood flow to the brain
Innate immunity --- correct answer ---First line of defense
, Skin, mucous membranes, gastric acid, microbiome
Inflammatory response of innate immunity --- correct answer
---Second line of defense
Neutrophils, macrophages, some nonphagocytic immune cells
Adaptive immunity --- correct answer ---Third line of defense
T and B lymphocytes, antibodies
Natural killer cells --- correct answer ---Eliminate virus-
infected cells
Macrophage --- correct answer ---Phagocytize microorganisms
and cellular debris
Secrete chemicals that promote tissue healing
Activate adaptive immunity
Eosinophil --- correct answer ---WBC
Defend against parasites
Degrade vasoactive substances released by mast cells
Neutrophil --- correct answer ---Phagocytize microorganisms
and cellular debris soon after injury
Secrete chemicals that call in longer-acting phagocytes
Mast cell --- correct answer ---Releases chemicals that initiate
the inflammatory response
Detailed Correct Verified Answers
2025
Dehydration --- correct answer ---Reduction in bodily fluids
Symptoms- headache, thirst, fatigue, dry mucous membranes,
lightheadedness
Elderly and infants more susceptible to low total body water
Why are geriatric patients susceptible to dehydration? ---
correct answer ---Lower total body muscle and fat mass
Why are infants susceptible to dehydration? --- correct answer
---Higher metabolic rate and greater body surface area
Edema --- correct answer ---Contributes to intracellular
dehydration as fluid collects in extracellular areas due to
osmosis
Osmosis --- correct answer ---Where water moves from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
due to a cell membrane becoming more permeable to water
Strangulation --- correct answer ---Occurs when neck pressure
collapses blood vessels, stopping blood flow to the brain
Innate immunity --- correct answer ---First line of defense
, Skin, mucous membranes, gastric acid, microbiome
Inflammatory response of innate immunity --- correct answer
---Second line of defense
Neutrophils, macrophages, some nonphagocytic immune cells
Adaptive immunity --- correct answer ---Third line of defense
T and B lymphocytes, antibodies
Natural killer cells --- correct answer ---Eliminate virus-
infected cells
Macrophage --- correct answer ---Phagocytize microorganisms
and cellular debris
Secrete chemicals that promote tissue healing
Activate adaptive immunity
Eosinophil --- correct answer ---WBC
Defend against parasites
Degrade vasoactive substances released by mast cells
Neutrophil --- correct answer ---Phagocytize microorganisms
and cellular debris soon after injury
Secrete chemicals that call in longer-acting phagocytes
Mast cell --- correct answer ---Releases chemicals that initiate
the inflammatory response
