Acute Transitional Care (NURB 290) Final Exam Study
Guide DRAFT Questions With Complete Solutions
-50 y/o or older and the very young
-Chronic illness and immunocompromised
-Those who live in institutions
-Those who live with or care for others with health problems
-Health care personnel providing direct care to patients Correct
Answers Who are the recommended populations for influenza
vaccination?
-Abdominal discomfort or pain with possible visible peristaltic
wave movement
-Upper and epigastric distention
-Nausea/vomiting (with possible fecal material)
-Obstipation (severe form of constipation in which the patient
can't pass stool or gas)
-Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
-Metabolic alkalosis from possible vomiting (not always
present) Correct Answers What are s/s of a small intestine
obstruction?
-Abrupt onset
-Fever (usual)
-Body aches (usual)
-Chills (fairly common)
-Fatigue/weakness (usual)
-Sneezing (sometimes)
-Chest discomfort/cough (common)
-Stuffy nose (sometimes)
-Sore throat (sometimes)
,-Headache (common) Correct Answers What are s/s of the flu?
-Administer insulin to treat DKA
-Rehydration and antidiarrheal drugs to treat prolonged diarrhea
Correct Answers What are interventions for metabolic
acidosis?
-African-American ethnicity (due to SDOHs)
-Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol/lipids blocks vessels)
-Smoking (nicotine is a vasoconstrictor)
-Age (older than 60 is at highest risk)
-Obesity
-Lack of physical activity
-Family history
-Gender Correct Answers What are risk factors for
primary/essential HTN?
-Alcoholism
-Chronic diarrhea
-Starvation
-Vitamin D deficiency Correct Answers What are causes of
HYPOphosphatemia?
-Alcoholism
-Metabolic acidosis with dialysis
-Renal failure
-Loop diuretic use Correct Answers What are causes of
HYPOmagnesemia?
-Altered mental status
-Confusion
,-Seizures, coma, and even death
-Muscle twitching/weakness
-Decreased cardiac contractility
-Polydipsia (thirst)
-Edema
-Decreased urine output
-Bounding pulse and postural hypotension if due to fluid volume
deficit
-Increased BP, bounding pulse, and JVD if due to fluid volume
excess Correct Answers What are the s/s of HYPERnatremia?
(Think the brain!)
-Anxiety
-Fear
-High altitude Correct Answers What are the causes of
respiratory alkalosis?
-Anxiety especially with respiratory
-Hypocalcemia (Trousseau's and Chvostek's)
-Hyperreflexia
-Muscle twitching and cramping
-Muscle weakness
-Hypokalemia
-Normal BP (sometimes slightly low)
-Increased HR
-Hyperventilation Correct Answers What are s/s of alkalosis?
-Asymptomatic until inflamed
-Abdominal pain
-Fever
-Tachycardia
, -Nausea/vomiting
-Abdominal distention
-Tenderness Correct Answers What are the s/s of
diverticulitis?
-Avoid fatty and fried foods, butter, and fast foods
-Weight loss program if patient is obese
-Referral to a dietician
-Education about pain relief and pain medications
-Teach the patient to report severe abdominal pain,
nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea, as these may be signs of a post-
surgical complication known as postcholecystectomy syndrome
that occurs when patients don't avoid high fat foods after surgery
Correct Answers What are important education considerations
for cholecystitis?
-Avoid popcorn, nuts, seeds (foods that can get stuck in the
pouches and cause inflammation), and other foods that irritate
the patient's GI tract
-Nonsurgical management with drug therapy and nutrition
-Surgery only if there was perforation
-If the patient needed surgery, educate the patient how to care
for the incision and when to contact the HCP Correct Answers
What are interventions for diverticula/diverticulitis?
-Based on s/s***
-Throat swab***
-Rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) --> results in many false
negatives since the test is very sensitive but not very specific
Correct Answers How is influenza diagnosed?
Guide DRAFT Questions With Complete Solutions
-50 y/o or older and the very young
-Chronic illness and immunocompromised
-Those who live in institutions
-Those who live with or care for others with health problems
-Health care personnel providing direct care to patients Correct
Answers Who are the recommended populations for influenza
vaccination?
-Abdominal discomfort or pain with possible visible peristaltic
wave movement
-Upper and epigastric distention
-Nausea/vomiting (with possible fecal material)
-Obstipation (severe form of constipation in which the patient
can't pass stool or gas)
-Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
-Metabolic alkalosis from possible vomiting (not always
present) Correct Answers What are s/s of a small intestine
obstruction?
-Abrupt onset
-Fever (usual)
-Body aches (usual)
-Chills (fairly common)
-Fatigue/weakness (usual)
-Sneezing (sometimes)
-Chest discomfort/cough (common)
-Stuffy nose (sometimes)
-Sore throat (sometimes)
,-Headache (common) Correct Answers What are s/s of the flu?
-Administer insulin to treat DKA
-Rehydration and antidiarrheal drugs to treat prolonged diarrhea
Correct Answers What are interventions for metabolic
acidosis?
-African-American ethnicity (due to SDOHs)
-Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol/lipids blocks vessels)
-Smoking (nicotine is a vasoconstrictor)
-Age (older than 60 is at highest risk)
-Obesity
-Lack of physical activity
-Family history
-Gender Correct Answers What are risk factors for
primary/essential HTN?
-Alcoholism
-Chronic diarrhea
-Starvation
-Vitamin D deficiency Correct Answers What are causes of
HYPOphosphatemia?
-Alcoholism
-Metabolic acidosis with dialysis
-Renal failure
-Loop diuretic use Correct Answers What are causes of
HYPOmagnesemia?
-Altered mental status
-Confusion
,-Seizures, coma, and even death
-Muscle twitching/weakness
-Decreased cardiac contractility
-Polydipsia (thirst)
-Edema
-Decreased urine output
-Bounding pulse and postural hypotension if due to fluid volume
deficit
-Increased BP, bounding pulse, and JVD if due to fluid volume
excess Correct Answers What are the s/s of HYPERnatremia?
(Think the brain!)
-Anxiety
-Fear
-High altitude Correct Answers What are the causes of
respiratory alkalosis?
-Anxiety especially with respiratory
-Hypocalcemia (Trousseau's and Chvostek's)
-Hyperreflexia
-Muscle twitching and cramping
-Muscle weakness
-Hypokalemia
-Normal BP (sometimes slightly low)
-Increased HR
-Hyperventilation Correct Answers What are s/s of alkalosis?
-Asymptomatic until inflamed
-Abdominal pain
-Fever
-Tachycardia
, -Nausea/vomiting
-Abdominal distention
-Tenderness Correct Answers What are the s/s of
diverticulitis?
-Avoid fatty and fried foods, butter, and fast foods
-Weight loss program if patient is obese
-Referral to a dietician
-Education about pain relief and pain medications
-Teach the patient to report severe abdominal pain,
nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea, as these may be signs of a post-
surgical complication known as postcholecystectomy syndrome
that occurs when patients don't avoid high fat foods after surgery
Correct Answers What are important education considerations
for cholecystitis?
-Avoid popcorn, nuts, seeds (foods that can get stuck in the
pouches and cause inflammation), and other foods that irritate
the patient's GI tract
-Nonsurgical management with drug therapy and nutrition
-Surgery only if there was perforation
-If the patient needed surgery, educate the patient how to care
for the incision and when to contact the HCP Correct Answers
What are interventions for diverticula/diverticulitis?
-Based on s/s***
-Throat swab***
-Rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) --> results in many false
negatives since the test is very sensitive but not very specific
Correct Answers How is influenza diagnosed?
