Portage Learning Anatomy &
Physiology II: Module 7 exam
Questions with Verified Answers
True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters. - ANSWERStrue
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the T5 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? -
ANSWERSNo, the kidneys lie between the T-12 and L-3
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the L1 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? -
ANSWERSYES, B/C KIDNEYS LIE BETWEEEN T12-L3
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal fascia. - ANSWERSThe outer renal
fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue which keeps the kidney in place inside the
abdominal cavity.
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal CAPSULE - ANSWERSTOUGH
OUTTER LAYER OF SKIN OF THE KIDNEYS WHOSE PURPOSE IS TO PROTECT IT
FROM INJURIES
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in green,
below. - ANSWERSLocated within the cortex are the glomerular capsule and the distal
and proximal convoluted tubule sections of the nephrons.
name the layer and the specific structure highlighted in blue,below -
ANSWERSmedulla,renal pyrmaid
these arteries divide into the segmental arteries as they flow into the kidney -
ANSWERSinterlobular
These arteries flow in between the renal pyramids. - ANSWERSinterlobular
After filtration occurs, next blood travels into these vessels. - ANSWERSEfferent
arteriole
After the vasa recta, blood next moves into these vessels. - ANSWERSlobar veins
Name the region in the diagram below, indicated by the red arrow. - ANSWERSDCT
(Distal convoluted tubule)
, Which of the following is false about the location of the bladder? - ANSWERSB&C are
false
Which of the following is true about the location of the bladder? - ANSWERSIn females,
the vagina is behind the bladder.
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in blue,
below. - ANSWERSLocated within the medulla are the Loop of Henle and the collecting
duct sections of the nephrons.
Describe the purposes of the urethral sphincters. - ANSWERSThe involuntary-
controlled internal urethral sphincter is located near the bladder and keeps the urethra
closed to prevent urine from leaving the bladder.
● The voluntary-controlled external urethral sphincter, composed of skeletal muscle,
surrounds the urethra as it passes through the pelvic floor.
A patient was just placed under general anesthesia. He is now awake and telling you he
is having a hard time excreting urine. What is most likely causing the difficulty? -
ANSWERSUrinary retention due to slowed detrusor muscle
This region of the male urethra exits the body. - ANSWERSspongy
What causes the extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries? -
ANSWERSThe afferent arteriole, which is fed by the interlobular artery, is much larger
in diameter than the efferent arteriole. The difference in diameter causes an extremely
high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
Micturition can be controlled consciously because of: - ANSWERSVoluntary control
over the external sphincter
This is the pressure that depends upon a person's blood pressure from the heart and
vessels: - ANSWERSHydrostatic pressure
Calculate the net filtration pressure for your patient given the following values. Show
your work. (Not all values listed may be used).
- Colloid osmotic pressure = 25
- Capsular pressure= 15
- Hydrostatic pressure = 50
- GFR= 120 - ANSWERS(Outgoing forces - incoming forces)
HP- (COP + Capsular pressure)
50mmHg - (25mmHg +15mmHg))
= 10mmHg (net outward pressure)
Describe in detail what happens during an emergency to control the rate of blood to the
kidney - ANSWERSthe renal autoregulatory system is superseded by higher level
nervous system controls. When the nervous system takes over regulation, the afferent
Physiology II: Module 7 exam
Questions with Verified Answers
True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters. - ANSWERStrue
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the T5 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? -
ANSWERSNo, the kidneys lie between the T-12 and L-3
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the L1 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? -
ANSWERSYES, B/C KIDNEYS LIE BETWEEEN T12-L3
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal fascia. - ANSWERSThe outer renal
fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue which keeps the kidney in place inside the
abdominal cavity.
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal CAPSULE - ANSWERSTOUGH
OUTTER LAYER OF SKIN OF THE KIDNEYS WHOSE PURPOSE IS TO PROTECT IT
FROM INJURIES
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in green,
below. - ANSWERSLocated within the cortex are the glomerular capsule and the distal
and proximal convoluted tubule sections of the nephrons.
name the layer and the specific structure highlighted in blue,below -
ANSWERSmedulla,renal pyrmaid
these arteries divide into the segmental arteries as they flow into the kidney -
ANSWERSinterlobular
These arteries flow in between the renal pyramids. - ANSWERSinterlobular
After filtration occurs, next blood travels into these vessels. - ANSWERSEfferent
arteriole
After the vasa recta, blood next moves into these vessels. - ANSWERSlobar veins
Name the region in the diagram below, indicated by the red arrow. - ANSWERSDCT
(Distal convoluted tubule)
, Which of the following is false about the location of the bladder? - ANSWERSB&C are
false
Which of the following is true about the location of the bladder? - ANSWERSIn females,
the vagina is behind the bladder.
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in blue,
below. - ANSWERSLocated within the medulla are the Loop of Henle and the collecting
duct sections of the nephrons.
Describe the purposes of the urethral sphincters. - ANSWERSThe involuntary-
controlled internal urethral sphincter is located near the bladder and keeps the urethra
closed to prevent urine from leaving the bladder.
● The voluntary-controlled external urethral sphincter, composed of skeletal muscle,
surrounds the urethra as it passes through the pelvic floor.
A patient was just placed under general anesthesia. He is now awake and telling you he
is having a hard time excreting urine. What is most likely causing the difficulty? -
ANSWERSUrinary retention due to slowed detrusor muscle
This region of the male urethra exits the body. - ANSWERSspongy
What causes the extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries? -
ANSWERSThe afferent arteriole, which is fed by the interlobular artery, is much larger
in diameter than the efferent arteriole. The difference in diameter causes an extremely
high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
Micturition can be controlled consciously because of: - ANSWERSVoluntary control
over the external sphincter
This is the pressure that depends upon a person's blood pressure from the heart and
vessels: - ANSWERSHydrostatic pressure
Calculate the net filtration pressure for your patient given the following values. Show
your work. (Not all values listed may be used).
- Colloid osmotic pressure = 25
- Capsular pressure= 15
- Hydrostatic pressure = 50
- GFR= 120 - ANSWERS(Outgoing forces - incoming forces)
HP- (COP + Capsular pressure)
50mmHg - (25mmHg +15mmHg))
= 10mmHg (net outward pressure)
Describe in detail what happens during an emergency to control the rate of blood to the
kidney - ANSWERSthe renal autoregulatory system is superseded by higher level
nervous system controls. When the nervous system takes over regulation, the afferent
