ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam Rated A+ 2025

A patient who has celiac disease should increase intake of what Correct Answer: Simple carbohydrates What is an example of an incomplete protein? Correct Answer: Plant proteins such as beans Lutein slows the progression of macular degeneration and is found in foods such as Correct Answer: Kale, spinach, collard and mustard greens If a bag of TPN runs out what should be infused until another bag becomes available? Correct Answer: 10% dextrose in water What kind of carbohydrate should the majority of your diet be Correct Answer: Polysaccharides How much of your diet should be protein Correct Answer: 10% to 35% a day How much of your diet should be fat Correct Answer: 20% to 35% a day What is the recommended amount of cholesterol per day Correct Answer: 200 to 300 mg When beginning a new prescription for enteral nutrition by intermittent tube feeding how should you first initiate this feeding Correct Answer: Increase the formula over the first 4 to 6 feedings until the prescribed volume is achieved What is beriberi Correct Answer: A thiamine deficiency (vitamin b) What is a good source of vitamin B Correct Answer: Whole grains What are some laboratory findings of acute pancreatitis Correct Answer: Decreased serum calcium Increased serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin A high fiber diet can help prevent what Correct Answer: Hyperlipidemia How many calories equal a weight gain of 1 pound Correct Answer: 3500 What are three complications of TPN Correct Answer: Diarrhea Polyuria Hypocalcemia How long can expressed breastmilk be stored in the refrigerator Correct Answer: 5 to 8 days What does a low residue diet do Correct Answer: Limits the amount of stool traveling through the intestinal tract (restricts foods that increase bowel activity) What is a good food to increase zinc intake Correct Answer: Ground beef patty To help prevent nausea what should a patient do when eating Correct Answer: Eat foods at room temperature How many calories are there per a gram of fat Correct Answer: Nine Patients who adhere to a kosher diet do eat dairy products combined with what Correct Answer: Non-meat products at the same meal (no shellfish or pork) What has more calcium yogurt or cheese Correct Answer: Yogurt A patient with a new ileostomy should do what four things Correct Answer: 1. Increase dietary salt intake 2. Increase amount of pasta and other foods that can help thicken the stool 3. Prepare meals on schedule 4. Increase dietary B12 Why should a patient with celiac disease avoid all types of processed foods Correct Answer: Because they contain gluten What fruit is a high source of potassium Correct Answer: Cantaloupe Chapter 7 Correct Answer: How many extra calories a day should a woman in her second trimester consume Correct Answer: 340 How many extra calories a day should a woman in her third trimester consume Correct Answer: 452 During pregnancy how much protein, fat, and carbohydrates should a woman consume a day Correct Answer: 20% of the daily total calorie intake. Fat should be 30% and carbohydrates 50% What is the phenylketonuria diet Correct Answer: Foods low in phenylalanine should be included and foods high in protein should be avoided (due to high phenylalanine) How many ounces a week should an infant gain for the first 5 to 6 months Correct Answer: 5 to 7 ounces When should iron fortified cereal be introduced Correct Answer: 4 months Cows milk should not be introduced as the diet until after how old Correct Answer: One year Breast-feeding teaching points Correct Answer: How long can breastmilk be frozen for Correct Answer: Up to six months Formula feeding teaching points Correct Answer: New foods should be introduced to infants one at a time over a blank day period to observe for signs of allergy or intolerance Correct Answer: 4 to 5 What are four things that should not be introduced to the infant until after the first year Correct Answer: Milk, eggs, wheat and citrus fruits How long can you store an open jar of infant food in the refrigerator Correct Answer: Up to 24 hours Suggested introduction of foods Correct Answer: Information on colic Correct Answer: What are some foods that may cause choking or aspiration in a child Correct Answer: Hot dogs, popcorn, peanuts, grapes, raw carrots, celery, peanut butter, tough meat and candy What is the appropriate serving size of foods for children Correct Answer: 1 tablespoon per year of age When is it appropriate to switch to skim or 1% low-fat milk Correct Answer: After two years of age What should you never use food as Correct Answer: Reward or punishment How much iron do adolescent males and females require Correct Answer: Females: 15 mg Males: 11 mg Older adults have decreased absorption of what three nutrients Correct Answer: Vitamin B 12 Folic acid Calcium Fruit juice for toddlers should be limited to how much a day Correct Answer: 4 to 6 ounces What are four foods that are high in iron Correct Answer: Beans, fish, dairy products and red meats Chapter 8 Correct Answer: What are acceptable foods on a clear liquid diet Correct Answer: Water, tea, coffee, fat free broth, carbonated beverages, clear juices, ginger ale and gelatin What are acceptable foods for full liquid diet Correct Answer: All forms of milk, soup, strained fruits and vegetables, vegetable and fruit juices, eggnog, plain ice cream and sherbet, refined or strained cereals and puddings The soft diet is also known as the bland, low fiber diet and contains foods such as Correct Answer: Whole foods that are low in fiber, lightly seasoned and easily digested The mechanical soft diet includes foods that require Correct Answer: Minimal chewing for swallowing such as ground meats, canned fruits and softly cooked vegetables A nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive a full liquid diet due to dysphasia. What is the highest nursing priority Correct Answer: Add thickener to liquids Chapter 1 Correct Answer: Thiamine is widespread in almost all plant and animal tissue and especially blank, blank and blank Correct Answer: Meats, grains and legumes Riboflavin is found in what three sources Correct Answer: Milk, meats and Green leafy vegetables Niacin is found in sources such as Correct Answer: Beef liver, nuts, legumes, whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals Pantothenic acid, B5, found in organ meats, egg yolk, avocados, cashews, peanuts, brown rice, and what other four things Correct Answer: Soy, lentils, broccoli and milk Folate is found naturally in what foods Correct Answer: Liver, dark green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, whole-grain products and legumes B vitamins are generally found in Correct Answer: Meat and grains Water-soluble vitamins at a glance Correct Answer: Water soluble vitamins at a glance continued Correct Answer: What are food sources for vitamin a Correct Answer: Fish liver oil, egg yolk, butter, cream, dark yellow/orange fruits and vegetables Fat soluble vitamins at a glance Correct Answer: Major minerals at a glance Correct Answer: Major minerals at a glance continued Correct Answer: What are food sources for iron Correct Answer: Meat, egg yolk, whole grains and green leafy vegetables What is the minimum daily amount of water Correct Answer: 1500 mL What is a good source of magnesium Correct Answer: Nuts How much salt should be consumed a day Correct Answer: Less than 2300 mg (about 1 teaspoon) Saturated fats and cholesterol should be limited to how much a day Correct Answer: Limit saturated fat to 10% of calories and cholesterol to 300 mg How much fiber should be consumed a day for men and women Correct Answer: 25 g for women 38 g for men Chapter 10 Correct Answer: Difference between TPN and PPN Correct Answer: Two medications may be added to PN solutions however administering any IV medication through a PN IV line or port is contraindicated. What are the two medications Correct Answer: Heparin and insulin TPN is commonly used for patients who are undergoing treatment for cancer, bowel disorders and Correct Answer: Those suffering from trauma or extensive Burns When is PPN used Correct Answer: When central venous access is not available or for the transition from TPN to enteral or oral intake What is expected reference range for pre-albumin Correct Answer: 23 to 43 What is the reference range for albumin Correct Answer: 3.5 to 5 What kind of filter is required on IV tubing when administering PN solution Correct Answer: Micron filter If the PN solution is unavailable what is administered to avoid hypoglycemia Correct Answer: IV of dextrose 10% to 20% in water How often should the bag and tubing be changed with a central line Correct Answer: Every 24 hours or per facility protocol Chapter 13 Correct Answer: If a patient has dysphasia what should be avoided Correct Answer: Thin liquids and sticky foods What kind of diet is prescribed for a patient with IBS Correct Answer: Low residue, high-protein, high calorie diet with vitamin and mineral supplementation What is nutritional therapy for pancreatitis Correct Answer: Low-fat, high-protein and high carbohydrate What are symptoms of dumping syndrome Correct Answer: Sensation of fullness Faintness Diaphoresis Tachycardia Palpitations Hypotension Nausea Abdominal distention Cramping pain Diarrhea Weakness Syncope If a patient has Gerd how long should they wait before they lay down after eating Correct Answer: Two hours or less What are symptoms of PUD Correct Answer: Chapter 14 Correct Answer: Pre-Stege chronic kidney disease therapeutic nutritional goals Correct Answer: What are foods high in phosphorus Correct Answer: Peanut butter, dried peas and beans, bran, cola, chocolate, beer and some whole grains Therapeutic nutritional goals of end-stage kidney disease Correct Answer: Acute kidney injury can cause what electrolyte imbalances Correct Answer: Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia What are some nutrients that may be restricted due to acute kidney injury Correct Answer: Protein (unless the patient is on dialysis) Potassium Sodium Calcium (unless the patient is on dialysis) Fluids (patients daily urine output +500 ML's) Nephrotic syndrome it results in the increased excretion of serum proteins into the urine, resulting in hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia and blood hypercoagulation. What are the dietary recommendations for nephrotic syndrome Correct Answer: What is the primary intervention for the treatment and prevention of kidney stones Correct Answer: Increasing fluid consumption Recommendation for calcium oxalate stone formation is to limit what Correct Answer: Animal protein, excess sodium, alcohol and caffeine (Low potassium also may be a contributing factor in calcium stone formation) Foods high in oxalates include Correct Answer: Spinach, rhubarb, beats, nuts, chocolate, tea, wheat bran and strawberries. Also megadoses of vitamin C Recommendation for prevention of uric acid stones is to limit foods high in purines, which include Correct Answer: Lean meats, organ meats, whole grains and legumes Chapter 12 Correct Answer: What is the expected range for LDL Correct Answer: Less than 130