5:20:35 PM Thursday, July 31, 2025
NSG530 Exam 3 () | Advanced
Pathophysiology Prep Guide | Clinical
Scenarios + Quiz Bank | Grade A Results –
Wilkes
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium, and
phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir
B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle. Which
condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma
A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria in the
urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract that is
likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria
B) Pyelonephritis
,5:20:35 PM Thursday, July 31, 2025
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella
C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema and
vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the
penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction
Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and receding chin.
What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis
Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement regarding
this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present.
The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
, 5:20:35 PM Thursday, July 31, 2025
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and abdominal pain.
Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli
Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal pain. The
most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis.
acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
B) Kidney stones and Wilms' tumor
C) Kidney stones and warts
D) Urethral valves and warts
Urethral valves and polyps
Which conditions are complications of a horseshoe kidney? (select all that apply)
A) Hydronephrosis
B) Hypospadias
C) Infection
D) Stone formation
E) Enuresis
Hydronephrosis
Infection
Stone formation
NSG530 Exam 3 () | Advanced
Pathophysiology Prep Guide | Clinical
Scenarios + Quiz Bank | Grade A Results –
Wilkes
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium, ammonium, and
phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir
B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle. Which
condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma
A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria in the
urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract that is
likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria
B) Pyelonephritis
,5:20:35 PM Thursday, July 31, 2025
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella
C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema and
vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the
penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction
Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and receding chin.
What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis
Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement regarding
this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present.
The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
, 5:20:35 PM Thursday, July 31, 2025
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and abdominal pain.
Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli
Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal pain. The
most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis.
acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
B) Kidney stones and Wilms' tumor
C) Kidney stones and warts
D) Urethral valves and warts
Urethral valves and polyps
Which conditions are complications of a horseshoe kidney? (select all that apply)
A) Hydronephrosis
B) Hypospadias
C) Infection
D) Stone formation
E) Enuresis
Hydronephrosis
Infection
Stone formation
