Microbiology Exam 1Questions And Answers

Microbiology Exam 1Questions And Answers /._____ readily colonizes implanted devices. - Answer-S. epidermidis /.1. Gram positive b. Spore-forming rods - Answer-Bacillus (aerobic) Clostridium (anaerobic) /.1. Gram positive c. Non-spore-forming rods - Answer-1) filamentous Corynebacterium Listeria 2) filamentous Actinomyces Nocardia /.1. Gram-positive bacteria a. Cocci - Answer-Streptococcus Staphylococcus /.2. Gram negative a. Cocci - Answer-Neisseria /.A bacteria without a capsule is ____. - Answer-nonpathogenic /.A periplasmic space in gram negative is ____ - Answer-bigger /.Anthrax is mainly a disease of ____. - Answer-ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats) /.Anthrax is transmitted in 3 ways. - Answer-cutaneous pulmonary gastrointestinal /.B-hemolytic streptococci - Answer-S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae /.Bacillus anthracis toxins - Answer-Edema toxin: Fluid accumulation in diseases Lethal toxin Causes TNF (tumor necrosis factor) /.Bacillus cereus causes _____ - Answer-eye infection especially after cataract surgery /.Bacillus is a(n) _____ - Answer-Gram + Rod Aerobe OR facultative /.Bacteria have capsules composed of ______. - Answer-Polysaccharide /.Bacteria is a prokaryote with the following characteristics : ______ - Answer--no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles -chromosomes and plasmids freely float in cytoplasm /.Bacteria unlike eukaryotes have no ____ in plasma membrane. - Answer-sterols /.Bacterial shapes: cocci - Answer-- diplococci (pair) - streptococci - tetrad (4) - staphylococci - Sarcina (cube of 8) /.Bacterial shapes: Rods (Bacilli) - Answer--chain of bacilli -flagellate rods -spore former /.Bacterial shapes: Spirals - Answer--Vibrios -Spirilla -Spirochaetes /.Beta lactamase are in ___ of gram___ bacteria - Answer--periplasmic space -negative /.Both gram (-) and (+) bacteria have flagella but which one is more likely to have them? - Answer-gram negative /.Candida albicans is normal flora on what body part? - Answer-skin /.Classify all medically important bacteria based upon various criteria - Answer- /.Clostridium is a(n) _____ - Answer-Gram + rod obligate anaerobe /.Colonization - Answer-acquisition of new organisms that attach and grow; may or may not cause infection /.Compare/contrast gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria - Answer-Gram (+) 1. thick peptidoglycan 2. small periplasmic space 3. Teichoic acid Gram (-) 1. THIN peptidoglycan 2. LPS 3. Porins 4. Large periplasmic space /.cytoplasmic membrane 4 functions - Answer-(1) active transport of molecules into the cell, (2) energy generation by oxidative phosphorylation, (3) synthesis of precursors of the cell wall, and (4) secretion of enzymes and toxins. /.Define lysozyme function - Answer-present in human tears, mucus, and saliva, can cleave the peptidoglycan backbone by breaking its glycosyl bonds /.Describe Staphylococcus and Streptococcus as "aerobic" / "facultative" Gram-positive cocci. - Answer- /.Describe the diseases caused by S. pneumoniae, and their transmission, prevention and appropriate examples of treatment. - Answer- /.Describe the diseases caused by S. agalactiae and their transmission, prevention and appropriate examples of treatment. - Answer--most common disease in neonates UTI in women post and pre-pregnancy Tx: Penicillin/Vancomycin /.Describe the diseases caused by S. anginosus, and their transmission, prevention and appropriate examples of treatment. - Answer-Endodontic abscesses /.Describe the diseases caused by S. aureus and their prevention and appropriate examples of treatment. - Answer-S. aureus -SSSS -TSS -cutaneous or surgical infection -bacteremia & endocarditis -pneumonia -osteomyelitis & arthritis