NR 304 Musculoskeletal Exam
Qeustions And Answers | Reviwed
/.A 47-year-old client tells the nurse, "I don't want to develop osteoarthritis like both of
my parents." Which of the following can the nurse instruct this client?
1. "If your parents had the disease, you are at increased risk of developing the disease."
2. "Calcium supplements will prevent the disorder."
3. "Over-the-counter analgesics will help prevent the progression of the disease."
4. "Eating a well-balanced diet and regular exercise are the best defense." - Answer-4.
"Eating a well-balanced diet and regular exercise are the best defense."
-A normal degenerative change associated with aging, osteoarthritis can contribute to
decreased physical activity. A well-balanced diet and regular exercise help to slow the
progression of this change. The disorder is not related to genetics. Calcium
supplementation will not prevent the development of the disorder. Over-the-counter
analgesics will help with the pain associated with the disease, but will not prevent the
progression of the disease.
/.A client is newly diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the spine. The nurse knows that this
client has a disease process within the:
1. Fibrous joints
2. Cartilaginous joints
3. Synovial joints
4. Cervical bursae - Answer-2. Cartilaginous joints
-With osteoarthritis the joint cartilage erodes and typically affects the spine, hips, and
knees. Bones joined by cartilage, such as the vertebrae, are called cartilaginous joints.
Bones joined by fibrous tissue, such as the sutures joining the bones of the skull, are
called fibrous joints. Bones separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity are called synovial
joints. Synovial joints are reinforced and strengthened by ligaments. Ligaments are
protected by small, synovial fluid-filled sacs called bursae. Cervical bones do not have
bursae.
/.A client tells the nurse about upper thigh and hip pain when standing too long. Which
of the following does this information suggest to the nurse?
1. The client is experiencing paraesthesia.
2. The client may have some degenerative disease process within the hip.
3. The client may have referred pain from another body region.
4. The client may have lumbosacral nerve root irritation. - Answer-2. The client may
have some degenerative disease process within the hip
-Weight-bearing activities may increase the pain if the client has a degenerative disease
of the hip, knees, or vertebrae. Sensations of burning, tingling, or prickling
(paraesthesia) may accompany compression of nerves and blood vessels in a particular
, body region. Shoulder pain may be the result of referred pain such as a hiatal hernia or
cardiac, gallbladder, and pleural conditions. Lumbosacral nerve root irritation may cause
pain to be felt in the leg.
/.A postoperative hip replacement client is prescribed a pillow between the legs. Which
position will this pillow serve for the client?
1. Abduction
2. Adduction
3. Pronation
4. Flexion - Answer-1. Abduction
-Abduction is movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body,
along the frontal plane. Adduction is movement of a limb toward the midline. Pronation
and supination refer only to the movements of the radius around the ulna. In pronation,
the palm moves to face downward. Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the
angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together.
/.Abduction - Answer-Moving a part away from the midline (lifting the upper limb
horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body).
/.Adduction - Answer-Moving a part toward the midline (returning the upper limb from
the horizontal position to the side of the body).
/.Adolescents - Answer-rapid growth in puberty; hormones; decreased
strength/flexibility, increased risk for injury; bone growth completed about age 20; peak
bone mass achieved at age 35
/.Allis' sign - Answer--used to detect unequal leg length
-positioned at child's feet, with infant supine flex knees, keeping femurs aligned and
comparing height of knees
/.An eight-month-pregnant female client tells the nurse, "I am okay except I have a
backache and I never had a backache before." Which of the following can the nurse
instruct the client about this health concern?
1. "As your baby has grown, your center of gravity has shifted, putting pressure on the
lower spine."
2. "Weakened abdominal muscles have caused your posture to change."
3. "This is a normal occurrence and nothing to worry about."
4. "Back pain is often intensified during pregnancy in women who have a history of
previous back pain." - Answer-1. "As your baby has grown, your center of gravity has
shifted, putting pressure on the lower spine."
-As the pregnancy progresses, lordosis (an inward curvature of the lower spine-sway
back) compensates for the enlarging fetus. The center of gravity shifts forward, which
strains the lower spine, causing lower back pain. Weakened abdominal muscles are not
the cause of the lordosis. The development of back pain is common; however, the nurse
should not dismiss the client's concern by stating that "there is nothing to worry about."
Qeustions And Answers | Reviwed
/.A 47-year-old client tells the nurse, "I don't want to develop osteoarthritis like both of
my parents." Which of the following can the nurse instruct this client?
1. "If your parents had the disease, you are at increased risk of developing the disease."
2. "Calcium supplements will prevent the disorder."
3. "Over-the-counter analgesics will help prevent the progression of the disease."
4. "Eating a well-balanced diet and regular exercise are the best defense." - Answer-4.
"Eating a well-balanced diet and regular exercise are the best defense."
-A normal degenerative change associated with aging, osteoarthritis can contribute to
decreased physical activity. A well-balanced diet and regular exercise help to slow the
progression of this change. The disorder is not related to genetics. Calcium
supplementation will not prevent the development of the disorder. Over-the-counter
analgesics will help with the pain associated with the disease, but will not prevent the
progression of the disease.
/.A client is newly diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the spine. The nurse knows that this
client has a disease process within the:
1. Fibrous joints
2. Cartilaginous joints
3. Synovial joints
4. Cervical bursae - Answer-2. Cartilaginous joints
-With osteoarthritis the joint cartilage erodes and typically affects the spine, hips, and
knees. Bones joined by cartilage, such as the vertebrae, are called cartilaginous joints.
Bones joined by fibrous tissue, such as the sutures joining the bones of the skull, are
called fibrous joints. Bones separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity are called synovial
joints. Synovial joints are reinforced and strengthened by ligaments. Ligaments are
protected by small, synovial fluid-filled sacs called bursae. Cervical bones do not have
bursae.
/.A client tells the nurse about upper thigh and hip pain when standing too long. Which
of the following does this information suggest to the nurse?
1. The client is experiencing paraesthesia.
2. The client may have some degenerative disease process within the hip.
3. The client may have referred pain from another body region.
4. The client may have lumbosacral nerve root irritation. - Answer-2. The client may
have some degenerative disease process within the hip
-Weight-bearing activities may increase the pain if the client has a degenerative disease
of the hip, knees, or vertebrae. Sensations of burning, tingling, or prickling
(paraesthesia) may accompany compression of nerves and blood vessels in a particular
, body region. Shoulder pain may be the result of referred pain such as a hiatal hernia or
cardiac, gallbladder, and pleural conditions. Lumbosacral nerve root irritation may cause
pain to be felt in the leg.
/.A postoperative hip replacement client is prescribed a pillow between the legs. Which
position will this pillow serve for the client?
1. Abduction
2. Adduction
3. Pronation
4. Flexion - Answer-1. Abduction
-Abduction is movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body,
along the frontal plane. Adduction is movement of a limb toward the midline. Pronation
and supination refer only to the movements of the radius around the ulna. In pronation,
the palm moves to face downward. Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the
angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together.
/.Abduction - Answer-Moving a part away from the midline (lifting the upper limb
horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body).
/.Adduction - Answer-Moving a part toward the midline (returning the upper limb from
the horizontal position to the side of the body).
/.Adolescents - Answer-rapid growth in puberty; hormones; decreased
strength/flexibility, increased risk for injury; bone growth completed about age 20; peak
bone mass achieved at age 35
/.Allis' sign - Answer--used to detect unequal leg length
-positioned at child's feet, with infant supine flex knees, keeping femurs aligned and
comparing height of knees
/.An eight-month-pregnant female client tells the nurse, "I am okay except I have a
backache and I never had a backache before." Which of the following can the nurse
instruct the client about this health concern?
1. "As your baby has grown, your center of gravity has shifted, putting pressure on the
lower spine."
2. "Weakened abdominal muscles have caused your posture to change."
3. "This is a normal occurrence and nothing to worry about."
4. "Back pain is often intensified during pregnancy in women who have a history of
previous back pain." - Answer-1. "As your baby has grown, your center of gravity has
shifted, putting pressure on the lower spine."
-As the pregnancy progresses, lordosis (an inward curvature of the lower spine-sway
back) compensates for the enlarging fetus. The center of gravity shifts forward, which
strains the lower spine, causing lower back pain. Weakened abdominal muscles are not
the cause of the lordosis. The development of back pain is common; however, the nurse
should not dismiss the client's concern by stating that "there is nothing to worry about."
