PES-PRACTICE EXAM (all solved)
The process whereby a tight (overactive) muscle causes decreased neural drive to its functional
antagonist is defined as:
altered reciprocal inhibition
synergistic dominance
altered arthrokinematics
intramuscular coordination correct answers altered reciprocal inhibition
The ability of the neuromuscular system to exert force against resistance is defined as:
power
strength
speed
balance correct answers strength
The process by which synergists compensate for a weak or inhibited prime mover in attempt to
maintain force production and functional movement patters is defined as:
reciprocal inhibition
synergistic dominance
joint dysfunction
muscle synergy correct answers synergistic dominance
Which of the following is an example of a predominately sagittal plane motion?
Calf raises
side lunges
cable rotations
swinging a bat correct answers Calf raises
Which plane bisects the body to create upper and lower halves with motion occurring around a
longitudinal (vertical) axis?
Sagittal plane
Frontal Plane
Transverse Plane
Scapular plane correct answers Transverse Plane
Which muscle action occurs when the contractile force is equal to the resistive force leading to
no visible change in the muscle length?
Concentric
Isometric
Isotonic
,Eccentric correct answers Isometric
Muscles that act in direct opposition to prime movers are known as:
agonists
antagonists
synergists
stabilizers correct answers antagonists
The following are support system muscles of the core (limbo-pelvic hip complex) EXCEPT:
transverse abdominus
multifidus
muscles of the pelvic floor
psoas correct answers psoas
Which sub-system is primarily responsible for force transmission longitudinally from the trunk
to the ground?
Lateral sub-system
Deep longitudinal sub-system
Posterior oblique sub-system
Anterior oblique sub-system correct answers Deep longitudinal sub-system
What is the concentric function of the anterior tibialis?
Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and inversion
Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and eversion
Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and eversion correct answers Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion
and inversion
The cumulative neural input from sensory afferents to the central nervous system is BEST
defined as:
motor control
sensorimotor integration
proprioception
motor learning correct answers proprioception
Objective information includes all of the following EXCEPT:
general and medical history
physiological assessment
postural assessments
performance assessments correct answers general and medical history
, What is the effect of beta-blockers on heart rate and blood pressure?
Increased heart rate and increased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
Increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure correct answers Decreased heart rate and
decreased blood pressure
What are the four skin fold sites measured when using the Durnin/Womersley formula?
Biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest
Biceps, calf, abdominal, thigh
Biceps, chest, hamstring, calf
Biceps, thigh, hamstring, subscapular correct answers Biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest
The alignment of the musculoskeletal system, which allows our center of gravity to be
maintained over a base of support, is BEST defined as:
functional efficiency
structural efficiency
functional strength
neuromuscular efficiency correct answers structural efficiency
What muscle(s) is (are) MOST likely under active allowing an athlete's arms to fall forward
during an Overhead Squat assessment?
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Rhomboids, mid/lower trapezius, rotator cuff
Erector spinae, pectoralis minor correct answers Rhomboids, mid/lower trapezius, rotator cuff
What muscles are MOST likely overactive causing an athlete's knee to move inward during the
Singe-leg Squat assessment?
Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis oblique
Adductor complex, biceps femurs (short head), tensor fascia late (TFL), vast us laterals
Vastus médiales oblique, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
Gluteus minims, psoas major, rectus femurs, bicep femurs (long head) correct answers Adductor
complex, biceps femurs (short head), tensor fascia late (TFL), vast us laterals
Which assessment BEST measures upper extremity agility and stabilization?
Sorensen Erector Spinae Test
Push-ups Test
Davies Test
The process whereby a tight (overactive) muscle causes decreased neural drive to its functional
antagonist is defined as:
altered reciprocal inhibition
synergistic dominance
altered arthrokinematics
intramuscular coordination correct answers altered reciprocal inhibition
The ability of the neuromuscular system to exert force against resistance is defined as:
power
strength
speed
balance correct answers strength
The process by which synergists compensate for a weak or inhibited prime mover in attempt to
maintain force production and functional movement patters is defined as:
reciprocal inhibition
synergistic dominance
joint dysfunction
muscle synergy correct answers synergistic dominance
Which of the following is an example of a predominately sagittal plane motion?
Calf raises
side lunges
cable rotations
swinging a bat correct answers Calf raises
Which plane bisects the body to create upper and lower halves with motion occurring around a
longitudinal (vertical) axis?
Sagittal plane
Frontal Plane
Transverse Plane
Scapular plane correct answers Transverse Plane
Which muscle action occurs when the contractile force is equal to the resistive force leading to
no visible change in the muscle length?
Concentric
Isometric
Isotonic
,Eccentric correct answers Isometric
Muscles that act in direct opposition to prime movers are known as:
agonists
antagonists
synergists
stabilizers correct answers antagonists
The following are support system muscles of the core (limbo-pelvic hip complex) EXCEPT:
transverse abdominus
multifidus
muscles of the pelvic floor
psoas correct answers psoas
Which sub-system is primarily responsible for force transmission longitudinally from the trunk
to the ground?
Lateral sub-system
Deep longitudinal sub-system
Posterior oblique sub-system
Anterior oblique sub-system correct answers Deep longitudinal sub-system
What is the concentric function of the anterior tibialis?
Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and inversion
Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and eversion
Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and eversion correct answers Accelerates ankle dorsiflexion
and inversion
The cumulative neural input from sensory afferents to the central nervous system is BEST
defined as:
motor control
sensorimotor integration
proprioception
motor learning correct answers proprioception
Objective information includes all of the following EXCEPT:
general and medical history
physiological assessment
postural assessments
performance assessments correct answers general and medical history
, What is the effect of beta-blockers on heart rate and blood pressure?
Increased heart rate and increased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
Increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure correct answers Decreased heart rate and
decreased blood pressure
What are the four skin fold sites measured when using the Durnin/Womersley formula?
Biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest
Biceps, calf, abdominal, thigh
Biceps, chest, hamstring, calf
Biceps, thigh, hamstring, subscapular correct answers Biceps, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest
The alignment of the musculoskeletal system, which allows our center of gravity to be
maintained over a base of support, is BEST defined as:
functional efficiency
structural efficiency
functional strength
neuromuscular efficiency correct answers structural efficiency
What muscle(s) is (are) MOST likely under active allowing an athlete's arms to fall forward
during an Overhead Squat assessment?
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Rhomboids, mid/lower trapezius, rotator cuff
Erector spinae, pectoralis minor correct answers Rhomboids, mid/lower trapezius, rotator cuff
What muscles are MOST likely overactive causing an athlete's knee to move inward during the
Singe-leg Squat assessment?
Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, vastus medialis oblique
Adductor complex, biceps femurs (short head), tensor fascia late (TFL), vast us laterals
Vastus médiales oblique, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
Gluteus minims, psoas major, rectus femurs, bicep femurs (long head) correct answers Adductor
complex, biceps femurs (short head), tensor fascia late (TFL), vast us laterals
Which assessment BEST measures upper extremity agility and stabilization?
Sorensen Erector Spinae Test
Push-ups Test
Davies Test
