Multi-subject Elementary and Early Childhood
CST NYS Part 1 (211) questions and answers with
solutions 2025/2026
Phoneme - ANSWER the smallest part of spoken language that makes a
difference in the meaning of words, represented by letters between
slash marks
Grapheme - ANSWER the smallest part of written language that
represents a phoneme in the spelling of a word, may be one letter (ex:
"b") or several letters (ex: "sh")
Phonics - ANSWER the fairly predictable relationship between phonemes
and graphemes.
Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER ability to hear, identify, and manipulate
the individual sounds--phonemes--in spoken words.
Phonological Awareness - ANSWER a broad term that includes phonemic
awareness and involves work with rhymes, words, syllables, and onset
and rimes.
Onset - ANSWER initial consonant(s) sound of a syllable (ex: "b" in bag)
, Rime - ANSWER the part of the syllable that contains the vowel and all
that follows it (ex: "im" in swim).
Phoneme Isolation - ANSWER recognize individual sounds in a word
Phoneme Identity - ANSWER recognize the same sounds in different
words
Phoneme Categorization - ANSWER recognize a word with a sound that
does not match the sound in the other words
Phoneme Blending - ANSWER combine the phonemes to form a word
Phoneme Segmentation - ANSWER break a word into its separate sounds,
saying each sound
Phoneme Deletion - ANSWER recognizing the word that remains when a
phoneme is removed from another word
Phoneme Addition - ANSWER make a new word by adding a phoneme to
an existing word
Phoneme substitution - ANSWER substitute one phoneme from another
to make a new word
CST NYS Part 1 (211) questions and answers with
solutions 2025/2026
Phoneme - ANSWER the smallest part of spoken language that makes a
difference in the meaning of words, represented by letters between
slash marks
Grapheme - ANSWER the smallest part of written language that
represents a phoneme in the spelling of a word, may be one letter (ex:
"b") or several letters (ex: "sh")
Phonics - ANSWER the fairly predictable relationship between phonemes
and graphemes.
Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER ability to hear, identify, and manipulate
the individual sounds--phonemes--in spoken words.
Phonological Awareness - ANSWER a broad term that includes phonemic
awareness and involves work with rhymes, words, syllables, and onset
and rimes.
Onset - ANSWER initial consonant(s) sound of a syllable (ex: "b" in bag)
, Rime - ANSWER the part of the syllable that contains the vowel and all
that follows it (ex: "im" in swim).
Phoneme Isolation - ANSWER recognize individual sounds in a word
Phoneme Identity - ANSWER recognize the same sounds in different
words
Phoneme Categorization - ANSWER recognize a word with a sound that
does not match the sound in the other words
Phoneme Blending - ANSWER combine the phonemes to form a word
Phoneme Segmentation - ANSWER break a word into its separate sounds,
saying each sound
Phoneme Deletion - ANSWER recognizing the word that remains when a
phoneme is removed from another word
Phoneme Addition - ANSWER make a new word by adding a phoneme to
an existing word
Phoneme substitution - ANSWER substitute one phoneme from another
to make a new word
