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Abdominal Aorta waveform(s) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Low resistance proximal, Higher
resistance beyond renals
Celiac Artery supplies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Liver, spleen, stomach, & proximal small
bowel
Branches of the Abdominal AO - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1st major-Celiac artery
(trunk/axis)
2nd major-SMA
Renals
3rd major-IMA (after renals)
,Celiac Axis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branches into Common Hepatic (to right), Splenic,
& Left Gastric (off left)
Common Hepatic Arteries - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gives rise to the Gastroduodenal
artery in PANC head & divides into Rt & Lt Hepatics
Splenic Artery - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branches left and posteriosuperior to PANC
body/tail
SMA/IMA waveforms - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔High resistance preprandial/Low
resistance postprandial
SMA supplies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bowel from duodenum to prox small bowel
IMA supplies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bowel descending & rectosigmoid colon
Right Renal Artery - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branches anterolateral, posterior to IVC
Left Renal Artery - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branches posterolateral
Renal Artery waveform - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Low resistance
Portal vein is usually formed by the confluence of - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔SMV &
Splenic veins
,*It also receives blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins
Portals walls/waveforma - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔echogenic walls & phasic waveforms
Renal veins are formed by - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔renal tributaries
Left Renal Vein - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Longer than Rt.; Receives suprarenal/Gonadal
vein
Left Renal pathway - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Anterior to AO; Posterior to SMA
Right Renal Vein - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔No tributaries; shorter
Hepatic Veins - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hepatofugal flow; from liver to IVC
Patient status for Abdominal Vascular Imaging - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NPO 8-12 hours
Ectasia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Local diameter increase with small bulge
(20% increase for Ao <3cm)
AAA growth rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1-2mm/year until 3-4cm; 5 mm/yr >4cm
Aneurysm classification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔2-3cm; 3-4cm for AAA
AAA Intervention - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔5.5cm (high risk for rupture-catastrophic)
Fusiform - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concentric enlargement; All 3 layers intact
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, Saccular - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Eccentric enlargement; All 3 layers compromised; Less
common (<1%); Usually in Thoracic Ao
Types of Saccular AAA - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1-Cannula Placement
2-Mycotic aneurysm (bacterial infection Ao wall)
3-Vasculitis (Inflammatory process)
4-Penetrating ulcer rupture into media
Vasculitis/Aortitis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inflammatory process in wall of Ao beginning
with outer (adventitia) layer and moving inward; ie: Takayasu's
Dissection - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Intimal wall compromised resulting in 2 lumens
false>true; flow reversal
Type 1 (a/b) endoleak - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Leak in anastamosis of graft at (a) prox or
(b) distal end
Type 2 endoleak - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Aorta branch vessel; exhibits retrograde flow;
more dangerous b/c internally bleeding
Type 3/4 endoleak - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(3) Junction of modular components; (4)
Trans graft flow-graft defect