,Solution manual for Pathopharmacology, 2nd
Edition Bruce Colbert
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 or five pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
Solution and Answer Guide
COLBERT , PATHOPHARMACOLOGY , 2024, 9780357618165, CHAPTER 1: CORE CONCEPTS OF DISEASE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Check Your Understanding 1.1............................................................................................................1
Check Your Understanding 1.2............................................................................................................2
Check Your Understanding 1.3............................................................................................................3
Check Your Understanding 1.4............................................................................................................4
Check Your Understanding 1.5............................................................................................................4
Check Your Understanding 1.6............................................................................................................5
Chapter Test ......................................................................................................................................6
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.1
1. What term is best used to describe a flare-up of a patient’s chronic disease?
a. Exacerbation
b. Relapse
c. Metastasize
d. Complication
Answer: a
Feedback: An exacerbation is an acute flare-up from a chronic disease.
2. A patient has successfully undergone treatment for breast cancer and is cancer free. What term
describes her disease state?
a. Relapse
b. Complication
c. Remission
d. Terminal
Answer: c
Feedback: A patient who has successfully undergone treatment for breast cancer and is
cancer free is said to be in remission.
3. A disease affecting a patient long term is:
a. Acute
b. Chronic
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Complication
d. Exacerbation
Answer: b
Feedback: A chronic disease affects a patient over the long term.
4. Which term is used to describe the length of time a patient survives after undergoing
treatment?
a. Mortality rate
b. Death rate
c. Morbidity rate
d. Survival rate
Answer: d
Feedback: Survival rate is the term is used to describe the length of time a patient
survives after undergoing treatment.
5. What is the term used to describe the main reason why a patient seeks medical care?
a. Prognosis
b. Chief concern
c. Diagnosis
d. Etiology
Answer: b
Feedback: Chief concern is the term used to describe the main reason why a patient
seeks medical care.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.2
1. When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a:
a. Chain of infection
b. Common vehicle
c. Pandemic
d. Biological vector
Answer: d
Feedback: When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a
biological vector.
2. A person carrying a pathogenic microorganism that comes into physical contact with another
person is known as:
a. Indirect contact
b. Direct contact
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Incubation period
d. Mechanical vector
Answer: b
Feedback: A direct contact is a person carrying a pathogenic microorganism that comes
into physical contact with another person.
3. What is the name of the time period when the pathogen begins to develop inside the host
causing symptoms to occur?
a. Incubation period
b. Inoculation period
c. Contagious period
d. Pathogenesis period
Answer: a
Feedback: The incubation period is the time period when the pathogen begins to
develop inside the host causing symptoms to occur.
4. A patient with tuberculosis (a contagious pulmonary disease) coughs and sneezes in a waiting
room in close proximity to other people. The route of transmission is:
a. Direct
b. Indirect
c. Airborne
d. Common vehicle
Answer: c
Feedback: When a patient with tuberculosis (a contagious pulmonary disease) coughs
and sneezes in a waiting room in close proximity to other people, this is airborne
transmission.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.3
1. Working in an industrial plant with increased exposure to dangerous chemicals would be
classified as which risk factor?
a. Lifestyle
b. Type of labor performed
c. Environment
d. Biological sex
Answer: c
Feedback: Working in an industrial plant with increased exposure to dangerous
chemicals would be classified as an environmental risk factor.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.4
1. Which history discusses a patient’s smoking habits?
a. Family medical history
b. Social medical history
c. Occupational history
d. Past medical history
Answer: b
Feedback: Social medical history discusses a patient’s smoking habits.
2. The portion of the physical exam that looks for any abnormalities is:
a. Auscultation
b. Percussion
c. Palpation
d. Inspection
Answer: d
Feedback: Inspection is the portion of the physical exam that looks for any
abnormalities.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.5
1. What is transported throughout the body via the blood to provide energy to cells?
a. Electrolytes
b. Blood glucose
c. Hemoglobin
d. Platelets
Answer: b
Feedback: Blood glucose is transported throughout the body via the blood to provide
energy to cells.
2. Milky or cloudy urine is caused by:
a. Too much hydration
b. Dehydration
c. Eating asparagus
d. Excessive Protein
Answer: d
Feedback: Excessive protein causes milky or cloudy urine.
3. In regard to an X-ray, air (gas) shows up on the film as:
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
a. Gray
b. White
c. Black
d. None of the above
Answer: c
Feedback: On an X-ray, air (gas) shows up on the film as black.
4. The faster and more inexpensive method used to produce cross-sectional slices of the body at
various angles is a(n):
a. CT
b. MRI
c. X-ray
d. ECG
Answer: a
Feedback: CT is a faster and more inexpensive method used to produce cross-sectional
slices of the body at various angles.
5. The protein that carries oxygen in a red blood cell is:
a. Red blood cell
b. Hematocrit
c. White blood cell
d. Hemoglobin
Answer: d
Feedback: Hemoglobin is the protein that carries oxygen in a red blood cell.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.6
1. Which PPE would be used to protect clothing and skin from exposure?
a. Goggles
b. Mask
c. Gown
d. Gloves
Answer: c
Feedback: A gown would be used to protect clothing and skin from exposure.
2. Which PPE is worn to protect a clinician’s face, nose, and mouth from body fluids and
secretions?
a. Mask
b. Goggles
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 5
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Gloves
d. Respirator
Answer: a
Feedback: A mask is worn to protect a clinician’s face, nose, and mouth from body fluids
and secretions.
3. Personal eye wear such as eyeglasses does not replace:
a. A mask
b. Goggles
c. Gloves
d. None of the above
Answer: b
Feedback: Personal eye wear such as eyeglasses does not replace goggles.
CHAPTER TEST
1. Which of the following represents a vital sign?
a. Cough
b. Blood pressure
c. Urine output
d. Pain
Answer: b
Feedback: Blood pressure is a vital sign.
2. The part of the physical exam where the clinician is listening to the breath sounds is:
a. Inspection
b. Palpation
c. Percussion
d. Auscultation
Answer: d
Feedback: During the physical exam, the clinician listens to the breath sounds during
auscultation.
3. The cause of a disease is known as its:
a. Prognosis
b. Diagnosis
c. Etiology
d. Chief concern
Answer: c
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 6
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
Feedback: Etiology is the cause of disease.
4. What methods are acceptable forms of hand hygiene?
a. Wash hands before entering the room and contacting patient
b. No need to wash hands if putting on gloves before contacting the patient
c. Using hand sanitizer replaces the need to wash hands
d. Using the same pair of gloves on other patients as long as there is no body fluid on them
Answer: a
Feedback: Washing hands before entering the room and contacting the patient is an
acceptable form of hand hygiene.
5. The statement “Osteoporosis is more prevalent in biological women than men” is based on
which predisposing factor?
a. Heredity
b. Age
c. Lifestyle
d. Biological sex
Answer: d
Feedback: The statement “Osteoporosis is more prevalent in biological women than
men” is based on the predisposing factor of biological sex.
6. Which of the following best defines prognosis?
a. A predicted outcome of a disease
b. A flare-up or attack of a chronic disease
c. The identification of a disease given the signs, symptoms, and testing
d. The main reason an individual seeks care
Answer: a
Feedback: Prognosis is a predicted outcome of a disease.
7. During a patient interview, the patient informs their new primary care physician that they had
recently been diagnosed with acute pneumonia last spring which was determined to be caused
by an identified pathogen. Which of the following statements best describes this statement?
a. The patient had a chronic lung infection.
b. The patient had an exacerbation of pneumonia.
c. The patient had a sudden onset of pneumonia.
d. The patient’s pneumonia was determined as idiopathic.
Answer: c
Feedback: Because the patient was recently diagnosed with acute pneumonia that was
determined to be caused by an identified pathogen, we can say the patient had a
sudden onset of pneumonia.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 7
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
8. The physician’s assistant explained to the patient that the etiology of their COPD exacerbation
was due to poor medication adherence. Which of the following best describes this statement?
a. The patient has an acute infection.
b. The patient has a chronic lung condition which resulted in a flare-up of their COPD due
to not taking their medications.
c. The patient did not take their medications properly resulting in an acute infection.
d. The provider determined that poor medication adherence was not the cause of the
sudden attack.
Answer: b
Feedback: Based on this statement, the patient has a chronic lung condition which
resulted in a flare-up of their COPD due to not taking their medications.
9. An individual walked into the clinic due to experiencing a congestive cough over the last two
weeks. After an examination and diagnostic testing, it was determined the patient had acute
bronchitis. Acute bronchitis is the:
a. Prognosis
b. Chief concern
c. Etiology
d. Diagnosis
Answer: d
Feedback: Acute bronchitis is the diagnosis.
10. The pathologist was consulted to identify the pathogen present within the tissue sample. Which
of the following best describes the term pathogen?
a. The individual who studies disease
b. The cause of disease
c. The development of a disease process
d. The microorganism causing disease
Answer: d
Feedback: A pathogen is the microorganism causing disease.
11. When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a:
a. Chain of infection
b. Common vehicle
c. Pandemic
d. Biological vector
Answer: d
Feedback: When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a
biological vector.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 8
website, in whole or in part.
Edition Bruce Colbert
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 or five pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
Solution and Answer Guide
COLBERT , PATHOPHARMACOLOGY , 2024, 9780357618165, CHAPTER 1: CORE CONCEPTS OF DISEASE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Check Your Understanding 1.1............................................................................................................1
Check Your Understanding 1.2............................................................................................................2
Check Your Understanding 1.3............................................................................................................3
Check Your Understanding 1.4............................................................................................................4
Check Your Understanding 1.5............................................................................................................4
Check Your Understanding 1.6............................................................................................................5
Chapter Test ......................................................................................................................................6
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.1
1. What term is best used to describe a flare-up of a patient’s chronic disease?
a. Exacerbation
b. Relapse
c. Metastasize
d. Complication
Answer: a
Feedback: An exacerbation is an acute flare-up from a chronic disease.
2. A patient has successfully undergone treatment for breast cancer and is cancer free. What term
describes her disease state?
a. Relapse
b. Complication
c. Remission
d. Terminal
Answer: c
Feedback: A patient who has successfully undergone treatment for breast cancer and is
cancer free is said to be in remission.
3. A disease affecting a patient long term is:
a. Acute
b. Chronic
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Complication
d. Exacerbation
Answer: b
Feedback: A chronic disease affects a patient over the long term.
4. Which term is used to describe the length of time a patient survives after undergoing
treatment?
a. Mortality rate
b. Death rate
c. Morbidity rate
d. Survival rate
Answer: d
Feedback: Survival rate is the term is used to describe the length of time a patient
survives after undergoing treatment.
5. What is the term used to describe the main reason why a patient seeks medical care?
a. Prognosis
b. Chief concern
c. Diagnosis
d. Etiology
Answer: b
Feedback: Chief concern is the term used to describe the main reason why a patient
seeks medical care.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.2
1. When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a:
a. Chain of infection
b. Common vehicle
c. Pandemic
d. Biological vector
Answer: d
Feedback: When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a
biological vector.
2. A person carrying a pathogenic microorganism that comes into physical contact with another
person is known as:
a. Indirect contact
b. Direct contact
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Incubation period
d. Mechanical vector
Answer: b
Feedback: A direct contact is a person carrying a pathogenic microorganism that comes
into physical contact with another person.
3. What is the name of the time period when the pathogen begins to develop inside the host
causing symptoms to occur?
a. Incubation period
b. Inoculation period
c. Contagious period
d. Pathogenesis period
Answer: a
Feedback: The incubation period is the time period when the pathogen begins to
develop inside the host causing symptoms to occur.
4. A patient with tuberculosis (a contagious pulmonary disease) coughs and sneezes in a waiting
room in close proximity to other people. The route of transmission is:
a. Direct
b. Indirect
c. Airborne
d. Common vehicle
Answer: c
Feedback: When a patient with tuberculosis (a contagious pulmonary disease) coughs
and sneezes in a waiting room in close proximity to other people, this is airborne
transmission.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.3
1. Working in an industrial plant with increased exposure to dangerous chemicals would be
classified as which risk factor?
a. Lifestyle
b. Type of labor performed
c. Environment
d. Biological sex
Answer: c
Feedback: Working in an industrial plant with increased exposure to dangerous
chemicals would be classified as an environmental risk factor.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.4
1. Which history discusses a patient’s smoking habits?
a. Family medical history
b. Social medical history
c. Occupational history
d. Past medical history
Answer: b
Feedback: Social medical history discusses a patient’s smoking habits.
2. The portion of the physical exam that looks for any abnormalities is:
a. Auscultation
b. Percussion
c. Palpation
d. Inspection
Answer: d
Feedback: Inspection is the portion of the physical exam that looks for any
abnormalities.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.5
1. What is transported throughout the body via the blood to provide energy to cells?
a. Electrolytes
b. Blood glucose
c. Hemoglobin
d. Platelets
Answer: b
Feedback: Blood glucose is transported throughout the body via the blood to provide
energy to cells.
2. Milky or cloudy urine is caused by:
a. Too much hydration
b. Dehydration
c. Eating asparagus
d. Excessive Protein
Answer: d
Feedback: Excessive protein causes milky or cloudy urine.
3. In regard to an X-ray, air (gas) shows up on the film as:
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
a. Gray
b. White
c. Black
d. None of the above
Answer: c
Feedback: On an X-ray, air (gas) shows up on the film as black.
4. The faster and more inexpensive method used to produce cross-sectional slices of the body at
various angles is a(n):
a. CT
b. MRI
c. X-ray
d. ECG
Answer: a
Feedback: CT is a faster and more inexpensive method used to produce cross-sectional
slices of the body at various angles.
5. The protein that carries oxygen in a red blood cell is:
a. Red blood cell
b. Hematocrit
c. White blood cell
d. Hemoglobin
Answer: d
Feedback: Hemoglobin is the protein that carries oxygen in a red blood cell.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1.6
1. Which PPE would be used to protect clothing and skin from exposure?
a. Goggles
b. Mask
c. Gown
d. Gloves
Answer: c
Feedback: A gown would be used to protect clothing and skin from exposure.
2. Which PPE is worn to protect a clinician’s face, nose, and mouth from body fluids and
secretions?
a. Mask
b. Goggles
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 5
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
c. Gloves
d. Respirator
Answer: a
Feedback: A mask is worn to protect a clinician’s face, nose, and mouth from body fluids
and secretions.
3. Personal eye wear such as eyeglasses does not replace:
a. A mask
b. Goggles
c. Gloves
d. None of the above
Answer: b
Feedback: Personal eye wear such as eyeglasses does not replace goggles.
CHAPTER TEST
1. Which of the following represents a vital sign?
a. Cough
b. Blood pressure
c. Urine output
d. Pain
Answer: b
Feedback: Blood pressure is a vital sign.
2. The part of the physical exam where the clinician is listening to the breath sounds is:
a. Inspection
b. Palpation
c. Percussion
d. Auscultation
Answer: d
Feedback: During the physical exam, the clinician listens to the breath sounds during
auscultation.
3. The cause of a disease is known as its:
a. Prognosis
b. Diagnosis
c. Etiology
d. Chief concern
Answer: c
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 6
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
Feedback: Etiology is the cause of disease.
4. What methods are acceptable forms of hand hygiene?
a. Wash hands before entering the room and contacting patient
b. No need to wash hands if putting on gloves before contacting the patient
c. Using hand sanitizer replaces the need to wash hands
d. Using the same pair of gloves on other patients as long as there is no body fluid on them
Answer: a
Feedback: Washing hands before entering the room and contacting the patient is an
acceptable form of hand hygiene.
5. The statement “Osteoporosis is more prevalent in biological women than men” is based on
which predisposing factor?
a. Heredity
b. Age
c. Lifestyle
d. Biological sex
Answer: d
Feedback: The statement “Osteoporosis is more prevalent in biological women than
men” is based on the predisposing factor of biological sex.
6. Which of the following best defines prognosis?
a. A predicted outcome of a disease
b. A flare-up or attack of a chronic disease
c. The identification of a disease given the signs, symptoms, and testing
d. The main reason an individual seeks care
Answer: a
Feedback: Prognosis is a predicted outcome of a disease.
7. During a patient interview, the patient informs their new primary care physician that they had
recently been diagnosed with acute pneumonia last spring which was determined to be caused
by an identified pathogen. Which of the following statements best describes this statement?
a. The patient had a chronic lung infection.
b. The patient had an exacerbation of pneumonia.
c. The patient had a sudden onset of pneumonia.
d. The patient’s pneumonia was determined as idiopathic.
Answer: c
Feedback: Because the patient was recently diagnosed with acute pneumonia that was
determined to be caused by an identified pathogen, we can say the patient had a
sudden onset of pneumonia.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 7
website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Colbert, Pathopharmacology, 2024, 9780357618165, Chapter 1: Core Concepts of Disease
8. The physician’s assistant explained to the patient that the etiology of their COPD exacerbation
was due to poor medication adherence. Which of the following best describes this statement?
a. The patient has an acute infection.
b. The patient has a chronic lung condition which resulted in a flare-up of their COPD due
to not taking their medications.
c. The patient did not take their medications properly resulting in an acute infection.
d. The provider determined that poor medication adherence was not the cause of the
sudden attack.
Answer: b
Feedback: Based on this statement, the patient has a chronic lung condition which
resulted in a flare-up of their COPD due to not taking their medications.
9. An individual walked into the clinic due to experiencing a congestive cough over the last two
weeks. After an examination and diagnostic testing, it was determined the patient had acute
bronchitis. Acute bronchitis is the:
a. Prognosis
b. Chief concern
c. Etiology
d. Diagnosis
Answer: d
Feedback: Acute bronchitis is the diagnosis.
10. The pathologist was consulted to identify the pathogen present within the tissue sample. Which
of the following best describes the term pathogen?
a. The individual who studies disease
b. The cause of disease
c. The development of a disease process
d. The microorganism causing disease
Answer: d
Feedback: A pathogen is the microorganism causing disease.
11. When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a:
a. Chain of infection
b. Common vehicle
c. Pandemic
d. Biological vector
Answer: d
Feedback: When a microorganism is spread to other hosts by a bite it is known as a
biological vector.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 8
website, in whole or in part.
