5236 Biology Praxis Exam
What is Interphase? - answer- mainly growth of a cell occurs in this phase rather than
cell division
- most cells live here
- except cancer
What is Mitosis? - answer active cell division
What is the G1 phase (growth phase)? - answer- Occurs within interphase
- most of cell's life
- more organelles & proteins
What is the S phase (synthesis)? - answer-DNA replication
of 23 pairs (half from mom & half from dad)
- results in 46 pairs
What is the G2 Phase (Growth Phase 2)? - answer-more directly preparing for M
-make microtubules
What is the G0 phase? - answer-no more cell division
- cells just grow
- ex. neuron
What is a Niche? - answerAn organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it
makes its living.
What is an Ecosystem? - answerA biological community of interacting organisms and
their physical environment.
What is Abiotic? - answerNon-living things
What is Biotic? - answerliving things
What is a Biome? - answerA group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms
What is a Community? - answerAll the different populations that live together in an area
What is a Species? - answerA group of similar organisms that can breed and produce
fertile offspring.
,What is Binary fission? - answerA form of asexual reproduction in single-celled
organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size (usually in
prokaryotes)
What is External fertilization? - answerFertilization that occurs outside the body of an
organism. The sperms and eggs are released in an external environment. Usually
requires a body of water
Who is Antoni van Leeuwenhoek? - answerHe discovered both protists and bacteria.
Advancing the field of microscopy through the discovery of microorganisms.
What is Commensalism? - answerA relationship between two organisms in which one
organism benefits and the other is unaffected
What is Mimicry? - answerThe resemblance of one species to another species
What is Mutualism? - answerA relationship between two species in which both species
benefit (symbiotic relationship)
What is Parasitism? - answerA relationship between two organisms of different species
where one benefits and the other is harmed
What are three essential elements for plant growth that are obtained primarily through
the roots? - answer- Magnesium
- Nitrogen
- Potassium
What is Intraspecific competition? - answerCompetition between members of the same
species. Ex: Two male red deer in competition for a mate
What are the Significant Figure Rules? - answer1. non-zeros are always significant
2. zeros between two other sig figs are significant
3. all final zeros after the decimal point are significant
4. zeros used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant unless a decimal
point is present
What are the 8 levels of Taxonomic Hierarchy? (Hint: Dear King Phillip Came Over For
Great Soup) - answerDomain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Mammals, reptiles, birds, and fish all belong to the same... - answerPhylum: Chordata
(Backbone)
What is Trisomy? - answerA condition in which an extra copy of a chromosome is
present in the cell nuclei, causing developmental abnormalities.
, What is Chromatography? - answerA technique that is used to separate the
components of a mixture based on the tendency of each component to travel or be
drawn across the surface of another material. (Separating pigments from plant leaves)
What is Meristem? - answerUndifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are
formed to enable growth
What are Density-independent factors? - answerLimiting factor that affects all
populations in similar ways, regardless of population size ( Ex: food or nutrient
limitation, climate extremes, seasonal cycles, catastrophic factors such as hurricanes,
droughts, or fires)
What are two examples of positive feedback loops? - answerBreastfeeding and oxytocin
The role of denitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle is to _______ - answerConvert
nitrate to molecular nitrogen
What are Guard cells? - answerGuard cells change shape to open or close the stoma to
regulate water loss by evaporation.
What is ecological succession? - answerSeries of gradual changes that occur in a
community following a disturbance
In humans, deoxygenated blood enters the right heart through the ______ -
answervenae cavae
What is filial imprinting? - answerThe recognition, response, and attachment of young to
a particular adult or object. Usually irreversible. Ducks and geese can imprint on
humans (whatever they see first)
What is operant conditioning? - answerA type of learning in which behavior is
strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher
What is disruptive selection? - answerNatural selection in which individuals at the upper
and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle of the
curve
What is directional selection? - answerForm of natural selection in which the entire
curve moves; occurs when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher
fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve
What is stabilizing selection? - answerForm of natural selection in which individuals
near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end
of the curve
What is Interphase? - answer- mainly growth of a cell occurs in this phase rather than
cell division
- most cells live here
- except cancer
What is Mitosis? - answer active cell division
What is the G1 phase (growth phase)? - answer- Occurs within interphase
- most of cell's life
- more organelles & proteins
What is the S phase (synthesis)? - answer-DNA replication
of 23 pairs (half from mom & half from dad)
- results in 46 pairs
What is the G2 Phase (Growth Phase 2)? - answer-more directly preparing for M
-make microtubules
What is the G0 phase? - answer-no more cell division
- cells just grow
- ex. neuron
What is a Niche? - answerAn organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it
makes its living.
What is an Ecosystem? - answerA biological community of interacting organisms and
their physical environment.
What is Abiotic? - answerNon-living things
What is Biotic? - answerliving things
What is a Biome? - answerA group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms
What is a Community? - answerAll the different populations that live together in an area
What is a Species? - answerA group of similar organisms that can breed and produce
fertile offspring.
,What is Binary fission? - answerA form of asexual reproduction in single-celled
organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size (usually in
prokaryotes)
What is External fertilization? - answerFertilization that occurs outside the body of an
organism. The sperms and eggs are released in an external environment. Usually
requires a body of water
Who is Antoni van Leeuwenhoek? - answerHe discovered both protists and bacteria.
Advancing the field of microscopy through the discovery of microorganisms.
What is Commensalism? - answerA relationship between two organisms in which one
organism benefits and the other is unaffected
What is Mimicry? - answerThe resemblance of one species to another species
What is Mutualism? - answerA relationship between two species in which both species
benefit (symbiotic relationship)
What is Parasitism? - answerA relationship between two organisms of different species
where one benefits and the other is harmed
What are three essential elements for plant growth that are obtained primarily through
the roots? - answer- Magnesium
- Nitrogen
- Potassium
What is Intraspecific competition? - answerCompetition between members of the same
species. Ex: Two male red deer in competition for a mate
What are the Significant Figure Rules? - answer1. non-zeros are always significant
2. zeros between two other sig figs are significant
3. all final zeros after the decimal point are significant
4. zeros used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant unless a decimal
point is present
What are the 8 levels of Taxonomic Hierarchy? (Hint: Dear King Phillip Came Over For
Great Soup) - answerDomain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Mammals, reptiles, birds, and fish all belong to the same... - answerPhylum: Chordata
(Backbone)
What is Trisomy? - answerA condition in which an extra copy of a chromosome is
present in the cell nuclei, causing developmental abnormalities.
, What is Chromatography? - answerA technique that is used to separate the
components of a mixture based on the tendency of each component to travel or be
drawn across the surface of another material. (Separating pigments from plant leaves)
What is Meristem? - answerUndifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are
formed to enable growth
What are Density-independent factors? - answerLimiting factor that affects all
populations in similar ways, regardless of population size ( Ex: food or nutrient
limitation, climate extremes, seasonal cycles, catastrophic factors such as hurricanes,
droughts, or fires)
What are two examples of positive feedback loops? - answerBreastfeeding and oxytocin
The role of denitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle is to _______ - answerConvert
nitrate to molecular nitrogen
What are Guard cells? - answerGuard cells change shape to open or close the stoma to
regulate water loss by evaporation.
What is ecological succession? - answerSeries of gradual changes that occur in a
community following a disturbance
In humans, deoxygenated blood enters the right heart through the ______ -
answervenae cavae
What is filial imprinting? - answerThe recognition, response, and attachment of young to
a particular adult or object. Usually irreversible. Ducks and geese can imprint on
humans (whatever they see first)
What is operant conditioning? - answerA type of learning in which behavior is
strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher
What is disruptive selection? - answerNatural selection in which individuals at the upper
and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle of the
curve
What is directional selection? - answerForm of natural selection in which the entire
curve moves; occurs when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher
fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve
What is stabilizing selection? - answerForm of natural selection in which individuals
near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end
of the curve
