PRAXIS Practice 5236
Which of the following terms indicates the ecological role that an organism plays in a
community?
A. Biome
B. Niche
C. Ecotone
D. Territory - answerB. Niche
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya
from members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The ability to perform photosynthesis
B. The ability to replicate chromosomes
C. The presence of RNA polymerase
D. The presence of a nuclear envelope - answerD. The presence of a nuclear envelope
Valine is typically classified as a hydrophobic amino acid because a valine molecule has
which of the following types of side chains?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Polar and neutral
B. Nonpolar
C. Positively charged
D. Negatively charged - answerB. Nonpolar
A teacher asks students to describe how the data collected in an experiment are
typically used as evidence. Which of the following responses is the most accurate?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. "The data are used to confirm an existing belief."
B. "The data are used as facts that cannot be questioned or criticized."
C. "The data are used to support or reject a hypothesis."
D. "The data are used to make a theory into a law." - answerC. "The data are used to
support or reject a hypothesis."
Which of the following biomes is characterized by long winters and short summers,
snow as the predominant form of precipitation, soil that is acidic and poor in nutrients,
and wooded areas made up mostly of evergreen trees with needlelike leaves?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Savanna
B. Boreal forest
C. Hot and dry desert
,D. Tropical rain forest - answerB. Boreal forest
One strand of a certain segment of DNA has the following nucleotide sequence.
5 prime, A G A T G T C C A G T A, 3 prime5′−AGATGTCCAGTA−3′5′-
AGATGTCCAGTA-3′
The complementary strand in the same segment of DNA most likely has which of the
following nucleotide sequences?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. 3′-TCTACAGGTCAT-5′
B. 3′-CTCGTGAACTGC-5′
C. 3′-GAGCACTTGACG-5′
D. 3′−AGATGTCCAGTA−5′ - answerA. 3′-TCTACAGGTCAT-5′
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce which of the
following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. ADP
B. NADH
C. Sucrose
D. Water - answerD. Water
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce water.
Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the
production of water.
A student uses stationary fans to investigate the effect of wind on water loss by plants.
The student divides the plants into three treatment groups and places each group in
front of a fan. The student sets the fan for each group to one of three different levels:
low, medium, or high. After 24 hours, the student determines the amount of water that
was lost by each plant. To create a bar graph of the results, the student should make
the height of each bar represent which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The fan speed for each treatment group
B. The number of plants in each treatment group
C. The average water loss for each treatment group
D. The duration of wind exposure for each treatment group - answerC. The average
water loss for each treatment group
Interphase is the part of the cell cycle that includes which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Cytokinesis
B. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes
C. Replication of DNA
D. Condensation of chromosomes - answerC. Replication of DNA
,A model of secondary succession typically includes which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The arrival of pioneer species
B. Changes in species composition over time
C. A community structure that remains stable over time
D. The addition of rock to Earth's surface as a result of a volcanic eruption - answerB.
Changes in species composition over time
Which TWO of the following are typically present in a bacterial cell but not in a virus?
Answer the question by selecting the correct responses.
A. Ribosomes
B. DNA replication machinery
C. A genome
D. Reverse transcriptase - answerA. Ribosomes
B. DNA replication machinery
Wind turbines are used for which of the following activities?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Maintaining a breeze over crops growing in an arid environment without using a lot of
farm machinery
B. Generating electricity without burning fossil fuels
C. Pumping natural gas without injecting chemicals into groundwater
D. Circulating water and nutrients in some seas without installing ocean floor pumps -
answerB. Generating electricity without burning fossil fuels
The nucleotides of a single strand of DNA are linked together by which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Ionic bonds
B. Peptide bonds
C. Hydrogen bonds
D. Phosphodiester bonds - answerD. Phosphodiester bonds
Which of the following pathways is common to both fermentation and aerobic cellular
respiration?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Glycolysis
B. Electron transport chain
C. Photophosphorylation
D. Citric acid cycle - answerA. Glycolysis
In a germinating seedling, the root grows downward into the soil. Which of the following
correctly explains this phenomenon?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The root exhibits positive gravitropism.
B. The root exhibits positive phototropism.
, C. The root cells respond to water in the soil.
D. The root cells need light for photosynthesis. - answerA. The root exhibits positive
gravitropism.
Which of the following best describes the role of transpiration in the water cycle?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. It moves water from lakes and ponds to the oceans.
B. It moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
C. It moves water from the atmosphere to the soil.
D. It moves water from Earth's surface to aquifers located below Earth's surface. -
answerB. It moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
In which of the following cell types is a mutation most likely to have an impact on the
gene pool of a population?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Liver
B. Neuron
C. Skin
D. Sperm - answerD. Sperm
Which of the following actions will best help maintain the diversity and abundance of
organisms in a terrestrial ecosystem?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Introducing a new exotic species
B. Preventing habitat destruction
C. Eliminating predatory species
D. Conducting a land survey - answerB. Preventing habitat destruction
A population of a certain animal species is found in a protected wildlife preserve. Which
of the following poses the greatest threat to the long-term survival of the population?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. An increase in the size of the wildlife preserve
B. An increase in the reproductive success of the animals
C. A decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
D. A decrease in the number of paved roads running through the wildlife preserve -
answerC. A decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
Which of the following describes the primary function of bone marrow in humans?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. It is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
B. It is the source of new blood cells.
C. It is the site of tendon attachment.
D. It is the source of hormones that control bone growth. - answerB. It is the source of
new blood cells.
Which of the following is the best example of habitat fragmentation?
Which of the following terms indicates the ecological role that an organism plays in a
community?
A. Biome
B. Niche
C. Ecotone
D. Territory - answerB. Niche
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya
from members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The ability to perform photosynthesis
B. The ability to replicate chromosomes
C. The presence of RNA polymerase
D. The presence of a nuclear envelope - answerD. The presence of a nuclear envelope
Valine is typically classified as a hydrophobic amino acid because a valine molecule has
which of the following types of side chains?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Polar and neutral
B. Nonpolar
C. Positively charged
D. Negatively charged - answerB. Nonpolar
A teacher asks students to describe how the data collected in an experiment are
typically used as evidence. Which of the following responses is the most accurate?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. "The data are used to confirm an existing belief."
B. "The data are used as facts that cannot be questioned or criticized."
C. "The data are used to support or reject a hypothesis."
D. "The data are used to make a theory into a law." - answerC. "The data are used to
support or reject a hypothesis."
Which of the following biomes is characterized by long winters and short summers,
snow as the predominant form of precipitation, soil that is acidic and poor in nutrients,
and wooded areas made up mostly of evergreen trees with needlelike leaves?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Savanna
B. Boreal forest
C. Hot and dry desert
,D. Tropical rain forest - answerB. Boreal forest
One strand of a certain segment of DNA has the following nucleotide sequence.
5 prime, A G A T G T C C A G T A, 3 prime5′−AGATGTCCAGTA−3′5′-
AGATGTCCAGTA-3′
The complementary strand in the same segment of DNA most likely has which of the
following nucleotide sequences?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. 3′-TCTACAGGTCAT-5′
B. 3′-CTCGTGAACTGC-5′
C. 3′-GAGCACTTGACG-5′
D. 3′−AGATGTCCAGTA−5′ - answerA. 3′-TCTACAGGTCAT-5′
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce which of the
following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. ADP
B. NADH
C. Sucrose
D. Water - answerD. Water
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce water.
Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the
production of water.
A student uses stationary fans to investigate the effect of wind on water loss by plants.
The student divides the plants into three treatment groups and places each group in
front of a fan. The student sets the fan for each group to one of three different levels:
low, medium, or high. After 24 hours, the student determines the amount of water that
was lost by each plant. To create a bar graph of the results, the student should make
the height of each bar represent which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The fan speed for each treatment group
B. The number of plants in each treatment group
C. The average water loss for each treatment group
D. The duration of wind exposure for each treatment group - answerC. The average
water loss for each treatment group
Interphase is the part of the cell cycle that includes which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Cytokinesis
B. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes
C. Replication of DNA
D. Condensation of chromosomes - answerC. Replication of DNA
,A model of secondary succession typically includes which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The arrival of pioneer species
B. Changes in species composition over time
C. A community structure that remains stable over time
D. The addition of rock to Earth's surface as a result of a volcanic eruption - answerB.
Changes in species composition over time
Which TWO of the following are typically present in a bacterial cell but not in a virus?
Answer the question by selecting the correct responses.
A. Ribosomes
B. DNA replication machinery
C. A genome
D. Reverse transcriptase - answerA. Ribosomes
B. DNA replication machinery
Wind turbines are used for which of the following activities?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Maintaining a breeze over crops growing in an arid environment without using a lot of
farm machinery
B. Generating electricity without burning fossil fuels
C. Pumping natural gas without injecting chemicals into groundwater
D. Circulating water and nutrients in some seas without installing ocean floor pumps -
answerB. Generating electricity without burning fossil fuels
The nucleotides of a single strand of DNA are linked together by which of the following?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Ionic bonds
B. Peptide bonds
C. Hydrogen bonds
D. Phosphodiester bonds - answerD. Phosphodiester bonds
Which of the following pathways is common to both fermentation and aerobic cellular
respiration?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Glycolysis
B. Electron transport chain
C. Photophosphorylation
D. Citric acid cycle - answerA. Glycolysis
In a germinating seedling, the root grows downward into the soil. Which of the following
correctly explains this phenomenon?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. The root exhibits positive gravitropism.
B. The root exhibits positive phototropism.
, C. The root cells respond to water in the soil.
D. The root cells need light for photosynthesis. - answerA. The root exhibits positive
gravitropism.
Which of the following best describes the role of transpiration in the water cycle?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. It moves water from lakes and ponds to the oceans.
B. It moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
C. It moves water from the atmosphere to the soil.
D. It moves water from Earth's surface to aquifers located below Earth's surface. -
answerB. It moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
In which of the following cell types is a mutation most likely to have an impact on the
gene pool of a population?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Liver
B. Neuron
C. Skin
D. Sperm - answerD. Sperm
Which of the following actions will best help maintain the diversity and abundance of
organisms in a terrestrial ecosystem?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. Introducing a new exotic species
B. Preventing habitat destruction
C. Eliminating predatory species
D. Conducting a land survey - answerB. Preventing habitat destruction
A population of a certain animal species is found in a protected wildlife preserve. Which
of the following poses the greatest threat to the long-term survival of the population?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. An increase in the size of the wildlife preserve
B. An increase in the reproductive success of the animals
C. A decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
D. A decrease in the number of paved roads running through the wildlife preserve -
answerC. A decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
Which of the following describes the primary function of bone marrow in humans?
Answer the question by selecting the correct response.
A. It is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
B. It is the source of new blood cells.
C. It is the site of tendon attachment.
D. It is the source of hormones that control bone growth. - answerB. It is the source of
new blood cells.
Which of the following is the best example of habitat fragmentation?
