Global 10 Regents Exam Review
Questions and Answers
Absolute Monarchy - ANS-A system of government in which the head of state is a
hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power
Absolutism - ANS-A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not
restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Acid Rain - ANS-Rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas
emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water.
African National Congress - ANS-A South African political party and black nationalist
organization. Having been banned by the South African government 1960-90, the ANC
was victorious in the country's first democratic elections in 1994 and its leader, Nelson
Mandela, became the country's president
Age of Exploration - ANS-Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when
Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and
India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans.
Agrarian Economy - ANS-economy based on farming and cultivation of the land
Alliance - ANS-Agreement between two or more countries that provides mutual defense
or protection.
Animism - ANS-Traditional African Religion; Belief that a spirit dwells in all living and
non-living things.
Anthropologist - ANS-A scientist who studies human development and culture
Apartheid - ANS-A South African policy of complete legal separation of the races,
including the banning of all social contacts between blacks and whites.
Appeasement - ANS-A policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of
avoiding war. Associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to
Adolf Hitler.
Arabic Numbers - ANS-System of writing numerals that was developed by Gupta
mathematicians; became known as Arabic numerals because the Arabs brought them
from India to the Middle East and Europe.
, Archaeologist - ANS-A scientist who examines objects to learn about the human past.
Archipelago - ANS-A chain of islands
Aristocracy - ANS-A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling
class or nobility
Armistice - ANS-A state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss
peace terms
Astrolabe - ANS-An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing
the position of the stars and planets
Balance of Power - ANS-distribution of military and economic power that prevents any
one nation from becoming too strong
Balance of Trade - ANS-the difference between a country's total exports and total
imports
Black Death - ANS-A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351
Bolsheviks - ANS-A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of
Russia's government in November 1917
Bourgeoisie - ANS-In early modern Europe, the middle class whose wealth came from
manufacturing, finance, commerce, and allied professions.
Buddhism - ANS-A religion in which Buddha's teachings that life is permeated with
suffering caused by desire and suffering ceases when desire ceases. Enlightenment
obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire,
suffering, and rebirth (reincarnation).
Bushido - ANS-"the way of the warrior"; Japanese word for the Samurai life ; Samurai
moral code was based on loyalty, chivalry, martial arts, and honor until the death
Byzantine Empire - ANS-(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which
survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital
was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.
Caliph - ANS-A supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government
Calligraphy - ANS-Art of beautiful handwriting
Cunieform - ANS-a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols invented by the
sumerians around 3000 B.C.
Questions and Answers
Absolute Monarchy - ANS-A system of government in which the head of state is a
hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power
Absolutism - ANS-A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not
restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Acid Rain - ANS-Rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas
emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water.
African National Congress - ANS-A South African political party and black nationalist
organization. Having been banned by the South African government 1960-90, the ANC
was victorious in the country's first democratic elections in 1994 and its leader, Nelson
Mandela, became the country's president
Age of Exploration - ANS-Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when
Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and
India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans.
Agrarian Economy - ANS-economy based on farming and cultivation of the land
Alliance - ANS-Agreement between two or more countries that provides mutual defense
or protection.
Animism - ANS-Traditional African Religion; Belief that a spirit dwells in all living and
non-living things.
Anthropologist - ANS-A scientist who studies human development and culture
Apartheid - ANS-A South African policy of complete legal separation of the races,
including the banning of all social contacts between blacks and whites.
Appeasement - ANS-A policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of
avoiding war. Associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to
Adolf Hitler.
Arabic Numbers - ANS-System of writing numerals that was developed by Gupta
mathematicians; became known as Arabic numerals because the Arabs brought them
from India to the Middle East and Europe.
, Archaeologist - ANS-A scientist who examines objects to learn about the human past.
Archipelago - ANS-A chain of islands
Aristocracy - ANS-A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling
class or nobility
Armistice - ANS-A state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss
peace terms
Astrolabe - ANS-An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing
the position of the stars and planets
Balance of Power - ANS-distribution of military and economic power that prevents any
one nation from becoming too strong
Balance of Trade - ANS-the difference between a country's total exports and total
imports
Black Death - ANS-A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351
Bolsheviks - ANS-A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of
Russia's government in November 1917
Bourgeoisie - ANS-In early modern Europe, the middle class whose wealth came from
manufacturing, finance, commerce, and allied professions.
Buddhism - ANS-A religion in which Buddha's teachings that life is permeated with
suffering caused by desire and suffering ceases when desire ceases. Enlightenment
obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire,
suffering, and rebirth (reincarnation).
Bushido - ANS-"the way of the warrior"; Japanese word for the Samurai life ; Samurai
moral code was based on loyalty, chivalry, martial arts, and honor until the death
Byzantine Empire - ANS-(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which
survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital
was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.
Caliph - ANS-A supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government
Calligraphy - ANS-Art of beautiful handwriting
Cunieform - ANS-a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols invented by the
sumerians around 3000 B.C.
